今日

Chinese

		today; modern; present today; modern; present; current; this; now	day; sun; date day; sun; date; day of the month; Japan (abbrev.)
simp. and trad. (今日)		今	日

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jīnrì

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄣ ㄖˋ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou, Jyutping): gam¹ jat⁶

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): gim¹ ngit⁴

• Gan (Wiktionary): 'jin¹ nyit⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kîm-ngit
• Jin (Wiktionary): jing¹ zeng¹
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): kim-ji̍t / kim-li̍t

  (Teochew, Peng'im): gim¹ rig⁸ / gim¹ rêg⁸

• Xiang (Wiktionary): jin¹ r⁶ / jin¹ nyi⁶

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: jīnrì
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄣ ㄖˋ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jinryh
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ʐ̩⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: gam¹ jat⁶
    • Yale: gām yaht
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gam¹ jat⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: gem¹ yed⁶
    • IPA ^(key): /kɐm⁵⁵ jɐt̚²/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: gim¹ ngit⁴
    • IPA ^(key): /kim³³ ᵑgit̚²¹/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: 'jin¹ nyit⁶
    • IPA ^(key): /ˈt͡ɕin⁴² n̠ʲit̚⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kîm-ngit
    • Hakka Romanization System: gim´ ngid`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: gim¹ ngid⁵
    • IPA: /kim²⁴ ɲit̚²/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: jing¹ zeng¹
    • IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕĩŋ¹¹ t͡sə̃ŋ¹¹/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kim-ji̍t
    • Tâi-lô: kim-ji̍t
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kimjit
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kim⁴⁴⁻²² d͡ʑit̚¹²¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kim⁴⁴⁻³³ ʑit̚⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kim-li̍t
    • Tâi-lô: kim-li̍t
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kimlit
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kim⁴⁴⁻²² lit̚⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kim³³ lit̚²⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kim⁴⁴⁻³³ lit̚⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: gim¹ rig⁸ / gim¹ rêg⁸
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kim ji̍k / kim je̍k
    • IPA ^(key): /kim³³⁻²³ d͡zik̚⁴/, /kim³³⁻²³ d͡zek̚⁴/

Note: gim1 rêg8 - Jieyang.

• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: jin¹ r⁶ / jin¹ nyi⁶
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕin³³ ʐ̩²⁴/, /t͡ɕin³³ n̠ʲi²⁴/

Note:

• jin1 r6 - vernacular;
• jin1 nyi6 - literary.

Noun

今日

1. today; now
2. nowadays

Derived terms

• 今日事，今日畢／今日事，今日毕 (jīnrì shì, jīnrì bì)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (今日):

• Japanese: 今日 (こんにち) (konnichi); 今日 (こんじつ) (konjitsu)
• Korean: 금일 (今日, geumil)

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Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
今	日
きょ Grade: 2	う Grade: 1
Irregular

From Old Japanese. Originally a compound of 此 (ke, “this”) +‎ 日 (hu, “day”). /ke₁hu/ : /kepu/ → /keɸu/ → /kewu/ → /keu/ → /kjoː/

The initial /ke/ is an alternative form of the initial /ko/ (此, “this”) seen in words such as ここ (koko, “this place → here”) or これ (kore, “this [nominal] → this”), and the final /hu/ is an apophonic form of 日 (hi, “day”). The final /eu/ → /joː/ sound shift is a separate but regular phonological change.

The use of the kanji 今 (“now”) instead of 此 (“this”) is an example of jukujikun (熟字訓), from Chinese 今日.

Pronunciation

• (Irregular reading)
  • (Tokyo) きょ​う [kyóꜜò] (Atamadaka - [1])
  • IPA^(key): [kʲo̞ː]

Noun

今日 (hiragana きょう, rōmaji kyō, historical hiragana けふ)

1. today
   • 712, Kojiki (poem #102)

     毛毛志紀能 淤富美夜比登波 宇豆良登理 比禮登理加氣弖 麻那婆志良 袁由岐阿閇 爾波須受米 宇受須麻理韋弖 祁布母加母 佐加美豆久良斯 多加比加流 比能美夜比登 許登能 加多理碁登母 許袁婆

   • 905 Kokin Wakashū (poem #20)

     梓弓をして春雨けふ降りぬあすさへ降らば若菜つみてん

   • 2013 April 7, ONE; Murata, Yusuke, “11撃げき目め　強つさの秘ひ訣けつ [11th Hit: Key to Power]”, in ONEPUNCH-MAN【ワンパンマン】 [ONE-PUNCH MAN], volume 2 (fiction, in Japanese), 6th edition, Tokyo: Shueisha, ISBN 978-4-08-870702-0, page 86:

     今日 (きょう)がスーパーの特 (とく)売 (ばい)日 (び)じゃねーか

     Kyō ga sūpā no tokubaibi ja nē ka

     Today’s not the supermarket's special sale day?

Synonyms

• 本日 (ほんじつ) (honjitsu)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
今	日
こん Grade: 2	にち Grade: 1
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese compound 今日 (kim nyit). Compare modern Cantonese reading gim¹ ngit⁴.

Goon, so likely the original reading of the term as first borrowed from Middle Chinese.

Pronunciation

• On’yomi: Goon
  • (Tokyo) こ​んにち [kóꜜǹnìchì] (Atamadaka - [1])
  • IPA^(key): [kõ̞ɲ̟ɲ̟it͡ɕi]

In faster or more informal speech, the moraic ん is not fully pronounced.

Noun

今日 (hiragana こんにち, rōmaji konnichi)

1. today, this day
2. nowadays

Derived terms

• 今日は (こんにちは, ​konnichi wa): good day
• 今日様 (こんにちさま, ​konnichi-sama): (poetic honorific) the sun
• 今日的 (こんにちてき, ​konnichiteki): modern, current

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
今	日
こん Grade: 2	じつ Grade: 1
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 今日 (kim nyit). Compare modern Cantonese reading gam¹ jat⁶.

Change in reading from konnichi, keeping the earlier goon reading kon for 今, but substituting the later kan'on reading jitsu for 日.

Pronunciation

• On’yomi
  • IPA^(key): [kõ̞ɲ̟d͡ʑit͡sɨᵝ]

Noun

今日 (hiragana こんじつ, rōmaji konjitsu)

1. today, this day
2. nowadays

Coordinate terms

• 一昨々日 (さきおととい, ​saki ototoi; さきおとつい, ​saki ototsui; いっさくさくじつ, ​issaku sakujitsu): three days ago
• 一昨日 (おととい, ​ototoi): the day before yesterday, two days ago
• 昨日 (きのう, ​kinō): yesterday
• 明日 (あした, ​ashita; あす, ​asu): tomorrow
• 明後日 (あさって, ​asatte): the day after tomorrow, two days from now
• 明々後日 (しあさって, ​shiasatte): three days from now
• 弥の明後日 (やのあさって, ​ya no asatte): three days from now; (dialectal) four days from now
• 今朝 (けさ, ​kesa): this morning
• 今晩 (こんばん, ​konban): this evening
• 今夜 (こんや, ​kon'ya): tonight