反

Translingual

Han character

反 (Kangxi radical 29, 又+2, 4 strokes, cangjie input 竹水 (HE), four-corner 7124₇, composition ⿸⺁又(G) or ⿸厂又(TJK))

Derived characters

• 仮 阪 坂 板 販 飯 畈

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 165, character 19
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3127
• Dae Jaweon: page 375, character 4
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 391, character 3
• Unihan data for U+53CD

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Chinese

trad.		反
simp. #		反
alternative forms		仮

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 反
Shang	Western Zhou	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (反) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
扳	*praːn, *pʰraːn
板	*praːnʔ
版	*praːnʔ
瓪	*praːnʔ, *paːnʔ
昄	*praːnʔ, *braːnʔ, *paːnʔ
鈑	*praːnʔ
蝂	*praːnʔ
眅	*pʰraːn, *pʰraːnʔ
阪	*braːnʔ, *panʔ
魬	*braːnʔ
粄	*paːnʔ
反	*panʔ, *pʰan
返	*panʔ
坂	*panʔ
畈	*pans
販	*pans
汳	*pʰans
飯	*bonʔ, *bons

Etymology

STEDT compares it to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *par (“to trade; to buy; to sell”), from which Tibetan ཕར (phar, “interest (on money); exchange”) is derived.

Cognate with 販 (OC *pans, “to trade”), which is an exoactive of 反 (OC *panʔ, *pʰan, “to return, lit. to make someone return”) (Schuessler, 2007).

番 (OC *pʰan, “a turn; a time”) is the iterative of 反 (OC *panʔ, *pʰan).

Pronunciation 1

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 反

1. reverse; opposite; contrary; anti-
2. to return; to move back

   alt. forms: 返 (fǎn)

3. to return; to give back

   alt. forms: 返 (fǎn)

4. to repeat
5. to revenge
6. to revolt
7. to reflect (on one's actions)
8. to infer, analogize
9. to oppose
10. instead
11. a surname

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): fǎn (fan³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄈㄢˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): faan¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: fǎn
    • Zhuyin: ㄈㄢˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: fǎn
    • Wade–Giles: fan³
    • Yale: fǎn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: faan
    • Palladius: фань (fanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fän²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: faan¹
    • Yale: fāan
    • Cantonese Pinyin: faan¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: fan¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /faːn⁵⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: phjon

Rime
Character	反
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	滂 (2)
Final (韻)	元 (66)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	孚袁切
Baxter	phjon
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pʰʉɐn/
Pan Wuyun	/pʰʷiɐn/
Shao Rongfen	/pʰiuɐn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/pʰuan/
Li Rong	/pʰiuɐn/
Wang Li	/pʰĭwɐn/
Bernard Karlgren	/pʰi̯wɐn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fān
Expected Cantonese Reflex	faan1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*pʰan/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	反
Reading #	2/2
No.	2974
Phonetic component	反
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	飜
Old Chinese	/*pʰan/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 反

1. to redress
2. to pour
3. Short for 反切 (fǎnqiè).
4. to flip over

Pronunciation 3

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): fàn (fan⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄈㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): faan³

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: fàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄈㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: fàn
    • Wade–Giles: fan⁴
    • Yale: fàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fann
    • Palladius: фань (fanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fän⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: faan³
    • Yale: faan
    • Cantonese Pinyin: faan³
    • Guangdong Romanization: fan³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /faːn³³/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 反

1. Used in 反反.
2. (deprecated template usage) Alternative form of 販／贩 (fàn).

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (反):

• → Japanese: 反(はん) (han)
• → Korean: 반(反) (ban)
• → Vietnamese: phản (反)

(deprecated template usage)

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Japanese

Kanji

反

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

1. anti-

Readings

• Go-on: ほん (hon, Jōyō ^†)、へん (hen)
• Kan-on: はん (han, Jōyō)
• Kan’yō-on: たん (tan, Jōyō ^†)
• Kun: そらす (sorasu, 反らす, Jōyō)、そる (soru, 反る, Jōyō)、かえす (kaesu, 反す)、かえる (kaeru, 反る)

Compounds

Compounds

• 反物質(はんぶっしつ) (hanbusshitsu): antimatter
• 反物
• 反意
• 反意語
• 反映
• 反歌
• 反間
• 反感
• 反旗
• 反義語
• 反逆
• 反共
• 反響
• 反軍
• 反中
• 反撃
• 反語
• 反攻
• 反抗
• 反骨
• 反魂香
• 反作用
• 反射
• 反証
• 反照
• 反芻
• 反正
• 反省
• 半切
• 反訴
• 反則
• 反対
• 反転
• 反動
• 反応
• 反駁
• 反発
• 反比例
• 反復
• 反覆
• 反哺
• 反面
• 反目
• 反乱
• 反論
• 反故
• 離反
• 反末

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Korean

Hanja

反 • (ban, beon) (hangeul 반, 번)

1. anti-

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Vietnamese

Han character

反: Hán Nôm readings: phản, phiên

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