實

See also: 实 and 実

Translingual

Traditional	實
Shinjitai	実
Simplified	实

Han character

實 (Kangxi radical 40, 宀+11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 十田十金 (JWJC), four-corner 3080₆, composition ⿱宀貫)

Derived characters

• 𡁃, 𤁂, 𪴎, 𫍒, 𮩱, 𧁐

Related characters

• 実 (Japanese shinjitai)
• 实 (Simplified Chinese)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 291, character 4
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7294
• Dae Jaweon: page 575, character 7
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 952, character 3
• Unihan data for U+5BE6

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Chinese

trad.		實
simp.		实

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 實
Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 宀 (“roof”) + 周 (“carved jade”) + 貝 (“shellfish; cowrie”).

The two lower components of 周 and 貝 had combined to form 貫 (OC *koːn, *koːns, “string of cowries”), hence the incorrect analysis in Shuowen Jiezi of this character as 宀 + 貫.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): shí (shi²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄕˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): sat⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sṳ̍t
• Northern Min (KCR): sĭ
• Eastern Min (BUC): sĭk
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): cha̍t / si̍t

  (Teochew, Peng'im): sig⁸

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵zeq

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: shí
    • Zhuyin: ㄕˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: shíh
    • Wade–Giles: shih²
    • Yale: shŕ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyr
    • Palladius: ши (ši)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂʐ̩³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: sat⁶
    • Yale: saht
    • Cantonese Pinyin: sat⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: sed⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɐt̚²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳ̍t
    • Hakka Romanization System: siid
    • Hagfa Pinyim: sid⁶
    • Sinological IPA: /sɨt̚⁵/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: sĭ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /si²⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: sĭk
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /siʔ⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cha̍t / si̍t
    • Tâi-lô: tsa̍t / si̍t
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zat, sit
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sat̚⁴/, /sit̚⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sat̚²⁴/, /sit̚²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sat̚¹²¹/, /sit̚¹²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sat̚⁴/, /sit̚⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sat̚⁴/, /sit̚⁴/

Note:

• cha̍t - vernacular;
• si̍t - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: sig⁸
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: si̍k
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sik̚⁴/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁵zeq
    • MiniDict: zeh^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²zeq
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /zəʔ³⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: zyit

Rime
Character	實
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	船 (27)
Final (韻)	質 (48)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	神質切
Baxter	zyit
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʑiɪt̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ʑit̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ʑjet̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʑit̚/
Li Rong	/d͡ʑiĕt̚/
Wang Li	/d͡ʑĭĕt̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/d͡ʑʰi̯ĕt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shí
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sat6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*mə.li[t]/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɦliɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	實
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	shí
Middle Chinese	‹ zyit ›
Old Chinese	/*mə.li[t]/
English	fruit; full
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	實
Reading #	1/1
No.	11481
Phonetic component	實
Rime group	質
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	實
Old Chinese	/*ɦliɡ/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 實

1. real; true

   事實／事实  ―  shìshí  ―  truth

   alt. forms: 寔 (shí)

2. honest
3. solid
4. fruit (literal or figurative)

   果實／果实  ―  guǒshí  ―  fruit

5. (Classical, arithmetic) dividend

   • 母互乘子，以少減多，餘為實。母相乘為法。實如法而一。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     母互乘子，以少减多，余为实。母相乘为法。实如法而一。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: 10th–2nd century BCE, The Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art

     Mǔ hù chéng zǐ, yǐ shào jiǎn duō, yú wèi shí. Mǔ xiàng chéng wèi fǎ. Shí rú fǎ ér yī. [Pinyin]

     [To calculate the difference between two fractions,] multiply the numerators by each other's denominator, and subtract the smaller product from the larger one, and let the difference be the divisor. Let the product of the two denominator be the dividend. Add one to the result for each part in the dividend that equals to the divisor (which means to divide the dividend by the devisor).

6. (Cantonese) surely; undoubtedly; definitely

   實會出事／实会出事 [Cantonese]  ―  sat⁶ wui⁵ ceot¹ si⁶ [Jyutping]  ―  something bad will definitely happen

7. (Classical) this

   alt. forms: 寔 (shí)

Synonyms

• (Cantonese: surely): 肯定 (kěndìng), 一定 (yīdìng)

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Japanese

Shinjitai	実
Kyūjitai	實

Kanji

實

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 実)

1. reality
2. truth

Readings

• Go-on: じち (jichi)
• Kan-on: しつ (shitsu)
• Kan’yō-on: じつ (jitsu)
• Kun: み (mi, 實); みのる (minoru, 實る)

Proper noun

實(みのる) • (Minoru) 

1. a male given name

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Korean

Hanja

實 • (sil) (hangeul 실, revised sil, McCune–Reischauer sil)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

• 實談 (실담)
• 實力 (실력)
• 實物 (실물)
• 實없다 (실없다)
• 實情 (실정)
• 實際 (실제)
• 實하다 (실하다)
• 梅實 (매실)

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Vietnamese

Han character

Readings

實: Hán Việt readings: thực, thặc, chí, thật
實: Nôm readings: thật, thiệt, chí, thực

Compounds

• 實現 (thực hiện)
• 實際 (thực tế)
• 視實 (thị thực)

References

• Lê Sơn Thanh, "Nom-Viet.dat", WinVNKey (details)