栝

See also: 檜

Translingual

Han character

栝 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 木竹十口 (DHJR), four-corner 4296₄, composition ⿰木舌)

1. a builder's frame for measuring

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 522, character 19
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14706
• Dae Jaweon: page 910, character 21
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1200, character 3
• Unihan data for U+681D

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		栝
alternative forms		桰

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): kuò, guā (kuo⁴, gua¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄎㄨㄛˋ, ㄍㄨㄚ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): kut³ / gwaa¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: kuò
    • Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄛˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: kuò
    • Wade–Giles: kʻuo⁴
    • Yale: kwò
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kuoh
    • Palladius: ко (ko)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰu̯ɔ⁵¹/
      
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: guā
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄚ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: gua
    • Wade–Giles: kua¹
    • Yale: gwā
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gua
    • Palladius: гуа (gua)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ku̯ä⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: kut³ / gwaa¹
    • Yale: kut / gwā
    • Cantonese Pinyin: kut⁸ / gwaa¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: kud³ / gua¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰuːt̚³/, /kʷaː⁵⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: kwat

Rime
Character	栝
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	末 (64)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	古活切
Baxter	kwat
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kuɑt̚/
Pan Wuyun	/kʷɑt̚/
Shao Rongfen	/kuɑt̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kwat̚/
Li Rong	/kuɑt̚/
Wang Li	/kuɑt̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/kuɑt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	guo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gut3

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*koːd/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	栝
Reading #	1/2
No.	7570
Phonetic component	桰
Rime group	月
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	括
Old Chinese	/*koːd/
Notes	說文作桰，羅振玉郭沫若雲氒爲矢桰初文， 金文方或増口

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 栝

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): tiǎn, tiàn (tian³, tian⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄊㄧㄢˇ, ㄊㄧㄢˋ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: tiǎn
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄧㄢˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: tiǎn
    • Wade–Giles: tʻien³
    • Yale: tyǎn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tean
    • Palladius: тянь (tjanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰi̯ɛn²¹⁴/
      
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: tiàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄧㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: tiàn
    • Wade–Giles: tʻien⁴
    • Yale: tyàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tiann
    • Palladius: тянь (tjanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰi̯ɛn⁵¹/

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• Middle Chinese: themX

Rime
Character	栝
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	透 (6)
Final (韻)	添 (157)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	他玷切
Baxter	themX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tʰemX/
Pan Wuyun	/tʰemX/
Shao Rongfen	/tʰɛmX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/tʰɛmX/
Li Rong	/tʰemX/
Wang Li	/tʰiemX/
Bernard Karlgren	/tʰiemX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	tiǎn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	tim2

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*l̥ʰeːmʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	栝
Reading #	2/2
No.	12403
Phonetic component	甜
Rime group	談
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	忝
Old Chinese	/*l̥ʰeːmʔ/
Notes	說文舌聲

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 栝

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Japanese

Kanji

栝

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. builder's frame for measuring

Readings

• On (unclassified): てん (ten), かつ (katsu), かち (kachi)
• Kun: たきぎ (takigi)

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Korean

Hanja

栝 • (gwal) (hangeul 괄, revised gwal, McCune–Reischauer kwal, Yale kwal)

1. an aged [old] pine tree
2. firewood