郭

郭 U+90ED, 郭 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-90ED ← 郬 [U+90EC] CJK Unified Ideographs 郮 → [U+90EE]

Translingual

Han character

郭 (radical 163, 邑+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 卜木弓中 (YDNL), four-corner 0742₇, composition ⿰享⻏)

References

• KangXi: page 1273, character 13
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39474
• Dae Jaweon: page 1771, character 20
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 3780, character 7
• Unihan data for U+90ED

---

Chinese

simp. and trad.		郭

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 郭
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (郭) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
郭	*kʷaːɡ
埻	*tjunʔ, *kʷaːɡ, *kʷreːɡ
崞	*kʷaːɡ
椁	*kʷaːɡ
槨	*kʷaːɡ
噋	*tʰuːn, *kʰʷaːɡ
廓	*kʰʷaːɡ
鞹	*kʰʷaːɡ
漷	*kʰʷaːɡ, *qʰʷraːɡ
霩	*qʰʷaːɡ

Pictogram (象形): 享 (“tall building”) + 阝 (“city”) – a city with tall buildings.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): guō (guo¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄛ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gwok³
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kok
• Min Bei (KCR): guă
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): koeh / kerh / keh / kok

  (Teochew, Peng'im): guêh⁴

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: guō
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄛ
    • Wade–Giles: ko¹
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guo
    • IPA ^(key): /ku̯ɔ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: gwok³
    • Yale: gwok
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gwok⁸
    • Guangdong Romanization: guog³
    • IPA ^(key): /kʷɔːk̚³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kok
    • Hakka Romanization System: gog`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: gog⁵
    • IPA: /kok̚²/
• Min Bei
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: guă
    • IPA ^(key): /kua²⁴/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: mainstream Taiwanese, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: koeh
    • Tâi-lô: kueh
    • Phofsit Daibuun: koeq
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou): /kueʔ³²/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kerh
    • Tâi-lô: kerh
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kəʔ⁵/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: keh
    • Tâi-lô: keh
    • Phofsit Daibuun: keq
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /keʔ³²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /keʔ⁵/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kok
    • Tâi-lô: kok
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kog
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kɔk̚⁵/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kɔk̚³²/

Note: koeh, kerh, keh - vernacular, kok - literary.

• • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: guêh⁴
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kueh
    • IPA ^(key): /kueʔ²/

---

• Dialectal data▼

Variety	Location	edit 郭
Mandarin	Beijing	/kuo⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/kuo⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/kuo²¹/
	Jinan	/kuə²¹³/
	Qingdao	/kuə⁵⁵/
	Zhengzhou	/kuo²⁴/
	Xi'an	/kuo²¹/
	Xining	/ku⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/kuə¹³/
	Lanzhou	/kuə¹³/
	Ürümqi	/kuɤ⁴⁴/
	Wuhan	/kuo²¹³/
	Chengdu	/kue³¹/ /ko³¹/
	Guiyang	/ko²¹/
	Kunming	/ko³¹/
	Nanjing	/kueʔ⁵/
	Hefei	/kuɐʔ⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/kuəʔ²/
	Pingyao	/kuʌʔ¹³/
	Hohhot	/kuəʔ⁴³/
Wu	Shanghai	/koʔ⁵/
	Suzhou	/koʔ⁵/
	Hangzhou	/koʔ⁵/
	Wenzhou	/ko²¹³/
Hui	Shexian	/kɔʔ²¹/
	Tunxi	/ko⁵/
Xiang	Changsha	/ko²⁴/
	Xiangtan	/ko²⁴/
Gan	Nanchang	/kuɔʔ⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/kuok̚¹/
	Taoyuan	/kok̚²²/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/kwɔk̚³/
	Nanning	/kʰɔk̚³³/
	Hong Kong	/kwɔk̚³/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/kɔk̚³²/ /keʔ³²/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/kuɔʔ²³/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/kua²⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/kueʔ²/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/kɔk̚⁵/ /kue⁵⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: /kwɑk̚/▼

Rime
Character	郭
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	鐸 (104)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	古博切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kwɑk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/kʷɑk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/kuɑk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kwak̚/
Li Rong	/kuɑk̚/
Wang Li	/kuɑk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/kwɑk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	guo

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*kʷˤak/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kʷaːɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	郭
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	guō
Middle Chinese	‹ kwak ›
Old Chinese	/*kʷˤak/
English	outer wall
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	郭
Reading #	1/1
No.	4752
Phonetic component	郭
Rime group	鐸
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	郭
Old Chinese	/*kʷaːɡ/

Definitions

郭

1. outer part (of a city)
2. A surname​.

Descendants

• (Hokkien dialect) Tagalog: Kwek, Que

Compounds

Derived terms from 郭

• 倚郭
• 傅郭
• 北郭
• 北郭先生
• 北郭十友
• 匡郭
• 南郭 (nánguō)
• 南郭先生
• 南郭子綦
• 南郭綦
• 南郭處士／南郭处士 (nánguō chǔshì)
• 吳郭魚／吴郭鱼 (wúguōyú)
• 周郭
• 四郭
• 坊郭
• 城郭 (chéngguō)
• 城郭國／城郭国
• 夏五郭公
• 外郭
• 女郭
• 尺郭
• 山郭
• 崖郭
• 市郭
• 帶郭／带郭
• 廛郭
• 折巾郭
• 月郭
• 李郭
• 李郭仙
• 李郭仙舟
• 李郭同舟
• 李郭同船
• 李郭舟
• 村郭
• 東郭／东郭 (Dōngguō)
• 東郭之疇／东郭之畴
• 東郭之跡／东郭之迹
• 東郭先生／东郭先生
• 東郭履／东郭履
• 東郭逡／东郭逡
• 柳郭
• 棺郭
• 機郭／机郭

• 水郭
• 江郭
• 治郭安邦
• 溝郭／沟郭
• 溢郭
• 石郭
• 稜郭／棱郭
• 羅郭／罗郭
• 耳郭 (ěrguō)
• 膚郭／肤郭
• 西郭
• 許郭／许郭
• 謝郭／谢郭
• 負郭／负郭
• 負郭田／负郭田
• 負郭相君／负郭相君
• 賈郭／贾郭
• 赤郭
• 車側郭門／车侧郭门
• 輪郭／轮郭
• 迎郭伋
• 邊郭／边郭
• 邑郭
• 邯鄲郭公／邯郸郭公
• 郊郭
• 郛郭
• 郡郭
• 郭亮 (Guōliàng)
• 郭伋待期
• 郭公 (guōgōng)
• 郭公塼
• 郭公夏五
• 郭公真人
• 郭公磚／郭公砖
• 郭圍／郭围
• 郭塹／郭堑
• 郭家堡
• 郭家金穴
• 郭履
• 郭巨
• 郭巨埋兒／郭巨埋儿
• 郭巾
• 郭景飛仙／郭景飞仙

• 郭李
• 郭椒
• 郭汾陽／郭汾阳
• 郭況穴／郭况穴
• 郭泰巾
• 郭泰碑銘／郭泰碑铭
• 郭泰船
• 郭洛帶／郭洛带
• 郭璞之說／郭璞之说
• 郭申
• 郭碑
• 郭禿／郭秃
• 郭穴
• 郭索
• 郭細侯／郭细侯
• 郭舟
• 郭華情罪／郭华情罪
• 郭術／郭术
• 郭邑
• 郭郎
• 郭郎子
• 郭郛
• 郭里 (Guōlǐ)
• 郭門／郭门
• 郭隗宮／郭隗宫
• 郭隗尊
• 郭隗臺／郭隗台
• 郭隗請始／郭隗请始
• 郭隗金
• 郭雀兒／郭雀儿
• 郭順時／郭顺时
• 鄒郭／邹郭 (Zōuguō)
• 鄽郭
• 重來郭伋／重来郭伋
• 銅郭／铜郭
• 鐵郭金城／铁郭金城
• 鐵郭銅關／铁郭铜关
• 附郭
• 陰郭／阴郭
• 青郭
• 靖郭君
• 靖郭氏
• 靜郭君／静郭君

---

Japanese

Kanji

郭

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Goon: かく (kaku, Jōyō)^{←くわく (kwaku, historical)}
• Kan’on: かく (kaku, Jōyō)^{←くわく (kwaku, historical)}
• Kun: くるわ (kuruwa, 郭)

Compounds

• 外郭
• 郭大
• 輪郭

Etymology

Kanji in this term
郭
くるわ Grade: S
kun’yomi

Noun

郭 (hiragana くるわ, rōmaji kuruwa)

1. Alternative spelling of 曲輪

---

Korean

Hanja

郭 • (gwak) (hangeul 곽, revised gwak, McCune–Reischauer kwak, Yale kwak)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

---

Vietnamese

Han character

郭 (quách)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.