省

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

省 (Kangxi radical 109, 目+4, 9 strokes, cangjie input 火竹月山 (FHBU), four-corner 9060₂, composition ⿱少目)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 802, character 5
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 23179
• Dae Jaweon: page 1218, character 11
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2473, character 1
• Unihan data for U+7701

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		省

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 省
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (省) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
省	*sreŋʔ, *sleŋʔ
渻	*saːl, *sreŋʔ, *seŋʔ
箵	*sleːŋʔ

Pronunciation 1

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): shěng (sheng³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄕㄥˇ

  (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): сын (sɨn, II)

• Cantonese (Jyutping): saang²
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sén / sáng
• Eastern Min (BUC): sēng / sāng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): séng / séⁿ

  (Teochew, Peng'im): sên²

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ⁵san

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: shěng
    • Zhuyin: ㄕㄥˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: shěng
    • Wade–Giles: shêng³
    • Yale: shěng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sheeng
    • Palladius: шэн (šɛn)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂɤŋ²¹⁴/
  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: сын (sɨn, II)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /səŋ⁵¹/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: saang²
    • Yale: sáang
    • Cantonese Pinyin: saang²
    • Guangdong Romanization: sang²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /saːŋ³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sén / sáng
    • Hakka Romanization System: sen` / sang`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: sen³ / sang³
    • Sinological IPA: /sen³¹/, /saŋ³¹/

Note:

• sén - “province”;
• sáng - “to save”.

• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: sēng / sāng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɛiŋ³³/, /saŋ³³/

Note:

• sēng - literary (“province; to reduce”);
• sāng - vernacular (“to save; to reduce”).

• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: séng
    • Tâi-lô: síng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: seang
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /siɪŋ⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /siɪŋ⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /siɪŋ⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: séⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: sénn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: svea
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /sɛ̃⁵³/

Note:

• Zhangzhou:
  • séng - literary;
  • séⁿ - vernacular.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: sên²
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: séⁿ
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sẽ⁵²/
• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ⁵san
    • MiniDict: san^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²san
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /sã³⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: srjaengX

Rime
Character	省
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	生 (21)
Final (韻)	庚 (111)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	所景切
Baxter	srjaengX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʃˠiæŋX/
Pan Wuyun	/ʃᵚiaŋX/
Shao Rongfen	/ʃiaŋX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʂiajŋX/
Li Rong	/ʃiɐŋX/
Wang Li	/ʃĭɐŋX/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʂi̯ɐŋX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shěng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sang2

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*sreŋʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	省
Reading #	1/2
No.	11384
Phonetic component	省
Rime group	耕
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	省
Old Chinese	/*sreŋʔ/
Notes	甲金文生省聲

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 省

1. to omit; to leave out
2. to reduce, to simplify

   船：舟也。从舟，鉛省聲。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
   船：舟也。从舟，铅省声。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

   From: Shuowen Jiezi, circa 2^nd century CE

   Chuán: zhōu yě. Cóng zhōu, qiān shěng shēng. [Pinyin]

   船 (chuán): boat. From 舟 (zhōu), and a reduced form of 鉛／铅 used as the phonetic component.

3. to save, to economize

   省電／省电  ―  shěngdiàn  ―  to conserve electricity

4. (historical) palace

   禁中者，門戶有禁，非侍禦者不得入，故曰禁中。孝元皇后父大司馬陽平侯名禁，當時避之，故曰省中。 [MSC, trad.]
   禁中者，门户有禁，非侍御者不得入，故曰禁中。孝元皇后父大司马阳平侯名禁，当时避之，故曰省中。 [MSC, simp.]

   From: 漢蔡邕《獨斷》

   Jìnzhōng zhě, ménhù yǒu jìn, fēi shìyù zhě bùdé rù, gù yuē jìnzhōng. Xiàoyuán Huánghòu fù dàsīmǎ Yángpíng Hóu míng Jìn, dāngshí bì zhī, gù yuē shěngzhōng. [Pinyin]

   CL

5. (historical, by extension) department (of a government)
6. province; (originally) Short for 行省 (xíngshěng).

Descendants

• → Bouyei: senj
• → Lü: ᦵᦌᦲᧃ (soen)
• → Zhuang: sengj

See also

• 縣／县 (xiàn, “Japanese prefecture”)
• 州 (zhōu, “state”)

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xǐng (xing³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄥˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): sing²
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): siáng
• Eastern Min (BUC): sīng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): séng

  (Teochew, Peng'im): sên²

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ⁵shin

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xǐng
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄥˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: sǐng
    • Wade–Giles: hsing³
    • Yale: syǐng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiing
    • Palladius: син (sin)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕiŋ²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: sing²
    • Yale: síng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: sing²
    • Guangdong Romanization: xing²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɪŋ³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: siáng
    • Hakka Romanization System: xiang`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: xiang³
    • Sinological IPA: /si̯aŋ³¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: sīng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /siŋ³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: séng
    • Tâi-lô: síng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: seang
    • IPA (Xiamen): /siɪŋ⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /siɪŋ⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /siɪŋ⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /siɪŋ⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /siɪŋ⁴¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: sên²
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: séⁿ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sẽ⁵²/
• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ⁵shin
    • MiniDict: shin^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²xin
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɕin³⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: sjengX

Rime
Character	省
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	清 (121)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	息井切
Baxter	sjengX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/siᴇŋX/
Pan Wuyun	/siɛŋX/
Shao Rongfen	/siæŋX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/siajŋX/
Li Rong	/siɛŋX/
Wang Li	/sĭɛŋX/
Bernard Karlgren	/si̯ɛŋX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xǐng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sing2

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[s]eŋʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*sleŋʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	省
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xǐng
Middle Chinese	‹ sjengX ›
Old Chinese	/*[s]eŋʔ/
English	inspect
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	省
Reading #	2/2
No.	11386
Phonetic component	省
Rime group	耕
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	省
Old Chinese	/*sleŋʔ/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 省

1. to examine; to inspect
2. to greet; to visit
3. to understand; to comprehend

Compounds

(deprecated template usage)

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Japanese

Kanji

省

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. government ministry
2. Chinese province

Readings

• Go-on: しょう (shō, Jōyō)^{←しやう (syau, historical)}
• Kan-on: せい (sei, Jōyō)
• Kun: かえりみる (kaerimiru, 省みる, Jōyō)^{←かへりみる (kaferimiru, 省みる, historical)}; はぶく (habuku, 省く, Jōyō); みる (miru, 省る)
• Nanori: さとし (satoshi)

Prefix

省(しょう) • (shō-) 

1. saving, conservation

Suffix

省(しょう) • (-shō) 

1. ministry

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Korean

Hanja

省 • (seong, saeng) (hangeul 성, 생)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 省 (tỉnh, xển, xỉnh, xĩnh, tểnh, tễnh)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.