確
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See also: 确
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Translingual
[edit]Han character
[edit]確 (Kangxi radical 112, 石+10, 15 strokes, cangjie input 一口人月土 (MROBG), four-corner 14614, composition ⿰石隺)
Derived characters
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 833, character 31
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24366
- Dae Jaweon: page 1250, character 20
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2450, character 4
- Unihan data for U+78BA
Chinese
[edit]trad. | 確 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 确* | |
alternative forms | 确 碻 礭 |
Glyph origin
[edit]Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *kʰroːwɢ) : semantic 石 (“rock”) + phonetic 寉 (OC *ɡluːwɢ) – rock-solid, as certain as a rock.
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): quo2
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): koh6
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): qyeh4
- Northern Min (KCR): kŏ̤
- Eastern Min (BUC): káuk
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 7chiaq; 7khoq
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): ko6
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄑㄩㄝˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cyuè
- Wade–Giles: chʻüeh4
- Yale: chywè
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiueh
- Palladius: цюэ (cjue)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰy̯ɛ⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: quo2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: kiuo
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰyo²¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: kok3
- Yale: kok
- Cantonese Pinyin: kok8
- Guangdong Romanization: kog3
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰɔːk̚³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: kok2
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰɔk̚⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: koh6
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰɔʔ⁵/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khok
- Hakka Romanization System: kogˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: kog5
- Sinological IPA: /kʰok̚²/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: qyeh4
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕʰyəʔ²/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: kŏ̤
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰɔ²⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: káuk
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰɑuʔ²⁴/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- Wu
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: ko6
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰo²⁴/
- (Changsha)
- Dialectal data
Variety | Location | 確 |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /t͡ɕʰyɛ⁵¹/ |
Harbin | /t͡ɕʰyɛ⁵³/ | |
Tianjin | /t͡ɕʰye⁵³/ | |
Jinan | /t͡ɕʰyə²¹³/ | |
Qingdao | /t͡ɕʰyə⁵⁵/ | |
Zhengzhou | /t͡ɕʰyo²⁴/ | |
Xi'an | /t͡ɕʰyo⁵³/ | |
Xining | /t͡ɕʰyu⁵³/ | |
Yinchuan | /t͡ɕʰye¹³/ | |
Lanzhou | /t͡ɕʰyə¹³/ | |
Ürümqi | /t͡ɕʰyɤ²¹³/ | |
Wuhan | /t͡ɕʰio²¹³/ | |
Chengdu | /t͡ɕʰyo³¹/ | |
Guiyang | /t͡ɕʰio²¹/ | |
Kunming | /t͡ɕʰio³¹/ | |
Nanjing | /t͡ɕʰioʔ⁵/ | |
Hefei | /t͡ɕʰyɐʔ⁵/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡ɕʰyəʔ²/ |
Pingyao | /t͡ɕʰiʌʔ¹³/ | |
Hohhot | /t͡ɕʰyaʔ⁴³/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /t͡ɕʰioʔ⁵/ /t͡ɕʰyɪʔ⁵/ |
Suzhou | /t͡ɕʰioʔ⁵/ | |
Hangzhou | /kʰoʔ⁵/ /t͡ɕʰioʔ⁵/ | |
Wenzhou | /kʰo²¹³/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /kʰɔʔ²¹/ |
Tunxi | /kʰo⁵/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /kʰo²⁴/ |
Xiangtan | /kʰo²⁴/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /kʰɔʔ⁵/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /kʰok̚¹/ |
Taoyuan | /kʰok̚²²/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /kʰɔk̚³/ |
Nanning | /kʰɔk̚³³/ | |
Hong Kong | /kʰɔk̚³/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /kʰak̚³²/ |
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /kʰɔuʔ²³/ | |
Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /kʰɔ²⁴/ | |
Shantou (Teochew) | /kʰak̚²/ | |
Haikou (Hainanese) | /xɔk̚⁵/ |
- Middle Chinese: khaewk
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ʰˤrawk/
- (Zhengzhang): /*kʰroːwɢ/
Definitions
[edit]確
- real; true
- firm; resolute
- truly; indeed
- Alternative form of 确 (què, “rocky and barren”)
- Alternative form of 搉 (què, “to knock; to hit; to beat”)
Compounds
[edit]- 丁一確二/丁一确二
- 不確/不确
- 千真萬確/千真万确 (qiānzhēnwànquè)
- 明確/明确 (míngquè)
- 正確/正确 (zhèngquè)
- 準確/准确 (zhǔnquè)
- 準確度/准确度 (zhǔnquèdù)
- 犖確/荦确 (luòquè)
- 的一確二/的一确二
- 的確/的确 (díquè)
- 真確/真确 (zhēnquè)
- 確乎/确乎
- 確信/确信 (quèxìn)
- 確保/确保 (quèbǎo)
- 確切/确切 (quèqiè)
- 確定/确定 (quèdìng)
- 確定判決/确定判决
- 確定故意/确定故意
- 確實/确实 (quèshí)
- 確有其事/确有其事 (quèyǒuqíshì)
- 確然/确然
- 確當/确当
- 確知/确知
- 確立/确立 (quèlì)
- 確診/确诊 (quèzhěn)
- 確認/确认 (quèrèn)
- 確論/确论
- 確證/确证 (quèzhèng)
- 確鑿/确凿 (quèzáo)
- 精確/精确 (jīngquè)
- 詳確/详确
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]確
Readings
[edit]- Go-on: かく (kaku, Jōyō)
- Kan-on: かく (kaku, Jōyō)
- Kun: たしか (tashika, 確か, Jōyō)、たしかめる (tashikameru, 確かめる, Jōyō)
Compounds
[edit]Compounds
- 確認 (kakunin): confirmation, to confirm
Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]確 • (hwak) (hangeul 확, revised hwak, McCune–Reischauer hwak, Yale hwak)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
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Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]Adjective
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- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 確
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- Japanese kanji
- Japanese fifth grade kanji
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- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading かく
- Japanese kanji with kun reading たし・か
- Japanese kanji with kun reading たし・かめる
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