親

See also: 亲

Translingual

Japanese	親
Simplified	亲
Traditional	親

Han character

親 (Kangxi radical 147, 見+9, 16 strokes, cangjie input 卜木月山山 (YDBUU), four-corner 0691₀, composition ⿰亲見)

Derived characters

• 儭(𠋆), 𫥝(𫥔), 嚫, 𡤅, 𭣋, 瀙, 𮥰, 𮍊, 櫬(榇), 𥗒, 襯, 𧭼, 䞋(𫎪), 𮜪, 𮜽, 𨯦, 寴, 藽, 𥨾

Related characters

• 亲 (Simplified Chinese)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1136, character 12
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 34918
• Dae Jaweon: page 1602, character 35
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3671, character 12
• Unihan data for U+89AA

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Chinese

trad.		親
simp.		亲*

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 親
Western Zhou	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (辛) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
親	*sʰin, *sʰins
寴	*sʰin, *sʰins
儭	*sʰins, *sʰrins
瀙	*sʰins, *ʔsrin, *sʰrins
辛	*siŋ
新	*siŋ
薪	*siŋ
襯	*sʰrins
櫬	*sʰrins
嚫	*t͡sʰrinh
莘	*sriŋ
騂	*seŋ
垶	*seŋ
觪	*seŋ

Bronze script: phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰin, *sʰins) : phonetic 辛 (OC *siŋ) + semantic 見 (“see”).

Seal script: phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰin, *sʰins) : phonetic 𣓀 () + semantic 見 (“see”).

Pronunciation 1

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 親

1. intimate; bosom; closely acquainted; beloved; dear
2. parent(s); father and/or mother
3. relatives; blood or marriage relation
4. related by blood; blood (brothers, sisters)
5. marriage; matrimony
6. to be close to; to become intimate with
7. to fraternise with; to support or endorse; pro-

   今以汝為親魏倭王。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
   今以汝为亲魏倭王。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]

   From: Chen Shou, Records of the Three Kingdoms, circa 3^rd century CE

   Jīn yǐ rǔ wéi qīn wèi wō wáng. [Pinyin]

   You [Himiko] shall be the Ruler of Wa, Friendly to Wei.

8. to approach; to go near; to get in touch with
9. to kiss; to brush one's lips against
10. personally; in person; with one's own (body part)
11. close person; reliable person; intimate friend
12. accurate; true
13. 34th tetragram of the Taixuanjing; "kinship" (𝌧)
14. (Internet, customer service) dear sir or madam
15. (deprecated template usage) Alternative form of 新 (xīn, “to renew; to replace”).
16. a surname

Pronunciation 2

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 親

1. Only used in 親家／亲家 (qìngjia, “one's child's parents-in-law”) and related terms.

Compounds

(deprecated template usage)

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Japanese

Kanji

親

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. parent, elder

Readings

• Go-on: しん (shin, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: しん (shin, Jōyō)
• Kun: おや (oya, 親, Jōyō); したしい (shitashii, 親しい, Jōyō); したしむ (shitashimu, 親しむ, Jōyō); みずから (mizukara, 親ら)
• Nanori: ぎ (gi); ちか (chika); のり (nori)

Compounds

Compounds

• 親方
• 親子
• 親父
• 親潮
• 親指
• 親愛
• 親戚
• 親切
• 親善
• 親等
• 親日
• 親王
• 親睦
• 親身
• 親密
• 親友
• 親類
• 両親

Etymology

Kanji in this term
親
おや Grade: 2
kun’yomi

From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old Japanese. Cognate with or derived from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old Japanese verb 老ゆ (oyu, “to become old”, modern 老いる oiru), from the idea of one's elders.

Noun

親(おや) • (oya) 

1. a parent
   • 1988 July 30 [1984 July 25], Fujiko F. Fujio, “世(せ)界(かい)名(めい)作(さく)童(どう)話(わ)第(だい)１巻(かん)　みにくいアヒルの子(こ) (世(せ)界(かい)名(めい)作(さく)童(どう)話(わ)第(だい)１巻(かん)　みにくいアヒルの子(こ)) [World’s Renowned Fairy Tales Book 1: The Ugly Duckling]”, in ポストの中の明日 [Post-Mid-Tomorrow] (藤子不二雄少年SF短編集; 2), 10th edition, volume 2 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 112:

     ぼくのほんとのおやはだれかしら。

     Boku no honto no oya wa dare kashira.

     What are my real parents like?

   • 2007 October 20, Izawa, Hiroshi with Yamada, Kotaro, “第(だい)41話(わ)　闇(やみ)の誘(さそ)い [Chapter 41: Invitation from the Dark]”, in ファイアーエムブレム 覇者の剣 [Fire Emblem: Sword of Champions], Jump Remix edition, volume 5 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN, page 173:

     父(ちち)から子(こ)に託(たく)した強(きょう)者(しゃ)の剣(けん)というわけか　あ　いや　すまん　お前(まえ)の本(ほん)当(とう)の父(ちち)親(おや)は…
     いいんだ　ハルトムート(本当の親)の記(き)憶(おく)なんて何(なに)もない　オレの親(おや)はオヤジ一(ひと)人(り)さ

     Chichi kara ko ni taku shita kyōsha no ken to iu wake ka A iya suman O-mae no hontō no chichioya wa…
     Iin da Hartomūto no kioku nan te nani mo nai Ore no oya wa oyaji hitori sa

     So is it like a sword for strong men, passed down from father to son or something? Oh, right, sorry. Your real father was…
     It’s alright. I don’t remember anything about Hartmut. Pops is the only parent I’ve ever had.

2. the originator or founder of a school, company, or other organization
3. the boss or leader
4. the larger one of several objects of the same kind
5. (gambling) the dealer, the banker
6. one's ancestors, one's forebears

Idioms

Derived terms

• 親(おや)の心(こころ)子(こ)知(し)らず (oya no kokoro ko shirazu): “the child doesn't know the parent's heart” → the child doesn't know the pain they cause their parents
• 親(おや)の光(ひかり)は七(なな)光(ひかり) (oya no hikari wa nana hikari): “a parent's bright light is seven bright lights” → a parent's social standing can be a huge influence on a person as they come into adulthood

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Korean

Hanja

親 • (chin) (hangeul 친, revised chin, McCune–Reischauer ch'in, Yale chin)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

• 親家: 친가
• 親監: 친감
• 親交: 친교
• 親舊: 친구
• 親權: 친권
• 親近: 친근
• 親睦: 친목
• 親密: 친밀
• 親密感: 친밀감
• 親密하다: 친밀하다
• 親分: 친분
• 親三寸: 친삼촌
• 親書: 친서
• 親善: 친선
• 親屬: 친속
• 親孫女: 친손녀
• 親孫子: 친손자
• 親熟: 친숙
• 親日: 친일
• 親子: 친자
• 親子息: 친자식
• 親切: 친절
• 親庭: 친정
• 親征: 친정
• 親族: 친족
• 親知: 친지
• 親戚: 친척
• 親하다: 친하다
• 親兄: 친형
• 親兄弟: 친형제
• 親和: 친화
• 極親: 극친
• 近親: 근친
• 敦親: 돈친
• 燈火可親: 등화가친
• 亡親: 망친
• 母親: 모친
• 房親迎: 방친영
• 父親: 부친
• 師親會: 사친회
• 三親: 삼친
• 兩親: 양친
• 嚴親: 엄친
• 爲親契:위친계
• 族親:족친
• 宗親: 종친

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 親 (thân)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.