魄

Translingual

Han character

魄 (Kangxi radical 194, 鬼+5, 15 strokes, cangjie input 竹日竹山戈 (HAHUI), four-corner 2661₃, composition ⿰白鬼)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1461, character 28
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 45810
• Dae Jaweon: page 1995, character 22
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4431, character 9
• Unihan data for U+9B44

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Chinese

trad.		魄
simp. #		魄

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 魄
Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (白) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
怕	*pʰraːɡs, *pʰraːɡ
帕	*pʰraːɡs, *mbraːd
粕	*pʰaːɡ, *pʰraːɡ
胉	*pʰaːɡ
泊	*baːɡ
箔	*baːɡ
魄	*tʰaːɡ, *pʰraːɡ
皕	*prɯɡ
伯	*praːɡ
百	*praːɡ
迫	*praːɡ
敀	*praːɡ, *pʰraːɡ
柏	*praːɡ
湐	*praːɡ
拍	*pʰraːɡ
珀	*pʰraːɡ
皛	*pʰraːɡ, *ɡeːwʔ
洦	*mpʰraːɡ, *mbraːɡ
白	*braːɡ
帛	*braːɡ
舶	*braːɡ
鮊	*braːɡ
陌	*mbraːɡ
帞	*mbraːɡ
袹	*mbraːɡ
蛨	*mbraːɡ
貊	*mbraːɡ
佰	*mbraːɡ
銆	*mbraːɡ
碧	*praɡ, *preɡ
咟	*ɦmreːɡ

Etymology

Related to *白 (OC *braːɡ) "white" (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation 1

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): pò (po⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄆㄛˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): paak³
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): phiak / phek

  (Teochew, Peng'im): pêg⁴

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: pò
    • Zhuyin: ㄆㄛˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: pò
    • Wade–Giles: pʻo⁴
    • Yale: pwò
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: poh
    • Palladius: по (po)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰu̯ɔ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: paak³
    • Yale: paak
    • Cantonese Pinyin: paak⁸
    • Guangdong Romanization: pag³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰaːk̚³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phiak
    • Tâi-lô: phiak
    • Phofsit Daibuun: phiag
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰiak̚⁵/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phek
    • Tâi-lô: phik
    • Phofsit Daibuun: pheg
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /pʰiɪk̚³²/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: pêg⁴
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: phek
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰek̚²/

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• Middle Chinese: phaek

Rime
Character	魄
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	滂 (2)
Final (韻)	陌 (113)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	普伯切
Baxter	phaek
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pʰˠæk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/pʰᵚak̚/
Shao Rongfen	/pʰak̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/pʰaɨjk̚/
Li Rong	/pʰɐk̚/
Wang Li	/pʰɐk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/pʰɐk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	po
Expected Cantonese Reflex	pak1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*pʰˤrak/

  (Zhengzhang): /*pʰraːɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	魄
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	pò
Middle Chinese	‹ phæk ›
Old Chinese	/*pʰˁrak/
English	bodily form or soul
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	魄
Reading #	2/2
No.	201
Phonetic component	白
Rime group	鐸
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	拍
Old Chinese	/*pʰraːɡ/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 魄

1. (religion, folklore) the po, the soul which does not leave the body after death, compared to 魂 (hún) which does.
2. soul; spirit
3. vigor
4. body
5. dark part of the moon

See also

• 魂 (hún)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (魄):

• → Japanese: 魄(はく) (haku)
• → Korean: 백(魄) (baek)
• → Vietnamese: phách (魄)

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): bó (bo²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄛˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): bok⁶

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: bó
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄛˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: bó
    • Wade–Giles: po²
    • Yale: bwó
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bor
    • Palladius: бо (bo)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pu̯ɔ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: bok⁶
    • Yale: bohk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: bok⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: bog⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɔːk̚²/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 魄

1. sound of falling
2. Used in 魄莫.
3. Used in 旁魄.

Pronunciation 3

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): tuò (tuo⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄊㄨㄛˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): tok³

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: tuò
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄨㄛˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: tuò
    • Wade–Giles: tʻo⁴
    • Yale: twò
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tuoh
    • Palladius: то (to)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰu̯ɔ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: tok³
    • Yale: tok
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tok⁸
    • Guangdong Romanization: tog³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɔːk̚³/

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• Middle Chinese: thak

Rime
Character	魄
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	透 (6)
Final (韻)	鐸 (103)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	他各切
Baxter	thak
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tʰɑk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/tʰɑk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/tʰɑk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/tʰak̚/
Li Rong	/tʰɑk̚/
Wang Li	/tʰɑk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/tʰɑk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	tuo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	tok3

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*tʰaːɡ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	魄
Reading #	1/2
No.	191
Phonetic component	白
Rime group	鐸
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	託
Old Chinese	/*tʰaːɡ/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 魄

1. Only used in 落魄 (luòpò).

(deprecated template usage)

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Japanese

Kanji

魄

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. a soul

Readings

• Go-on: ひゃく (hyaku); たく (taku)
• Kan-on: はく (haku); たく (taku)
• On: ばく (baku)
• Kun: たま (tama, 魄); たましい (tamashii, 魄しい)^{←たましひ (tamasifi, たましひ, historical)}

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
魄
たま Hyōgaiji
kun'yomi

Perhaps from 玉 (tama, “jewel”)

Noun

魄(たま) • (tama) 

1. Alternative spelling of 魂 (“soul”)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
魄
はく Hyōgaiji
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 魄 (phæk)

Noun

魄(はく) • (haku) 

1. (religion, folklore) po (haku), the soul which does not leave the body after death, compared to hun (kon) which does.
   • 2004 June 15, Rumiko Takahashi, “[第](だい)１[話](わ)　[試](し)[作](さく) [Chapter 1: Prototypes]”, in (deprecated template usage) 犬(いぬ)夜(や)叉(しゃ) (犬(いぬ)夜(や)叉(しゃ)) [Inuyasha], volume 35 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 8:

     魂(こん)は心(こころ)…つまり魂(たましい)だ。そして魄(はく)は体(からだ)を動(うご)かす力(ちから)…

     Kon wa kokoro… Tsumari tamashī da. Soshite haku wa karada o ugokasu chikara…

     Kon is the heart… in other words, the soul. And haku is the force that moves the body…

   • 2004 June 15, Rumiko Takahashi, “[第](だい)１[話](わ)　[試](し)[作](さく) [Chapter 1: Prototypes]”, in (deprecated template usage) 犬(いぬ)夜(や)叉(しゃ) (犬(いぬ)夜(や)叉(しゃ)) [Inuyasha], volume 35 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 8:

     魄(はく)ってやつがあれば、魂(たましい)のない死(し)骸(がい)でも動(うご)くんだな。

     Hakutte yatsu ga are ba, tamashī no nai shigai demo ugokunda na.

     As long as it has this haku thing, even a soulless corpse can move.

Derived terms

• 魂(こん)魄(ぱく) (konpaku)

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Korean

Hanja

魄 (eum 백 (baek))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

魄: Hán Nôm readings: phách

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.