deixar
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Catalan
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Old Catalan leixar, from Latin laxāre (compare Occitan daissar and laissar, Portuguese deixar, Aragonese deixar, Spanish dejar, French laisser and Italian lasciare). The alteration of the initial l- to d- (found in Ibero- and Occitano-Romance) may be due to the preposition de preceding it in many constructions using this verb, or from contraction of a Late Latin *dēlaxāre.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]deixar (first-person singular present deixo, first-person singular preterite deixí, past participle deixat); root stress: (Central, Valencia, Balearic) /e/
- (transitive) to leave (to refrain from taking (something) away)
- (reflexive) to let oneself go (to cease to care about one's appearance)
- (transitive) to leave (to put; to place)
- to leave (to cause, to result in)
- la seva confessió ens va deixar sense paraules ― his confession left us speechless
- (transitive) to let, to allow, to permit
- Synonym: permetre
- deixar caure ― to drop (literally, “to allow to fall”)
- (transitive) to leave, to depart from
- 2020 November 8, Núria Ferragutcasas, “El trumpisme arrela malgrat la derrota de Trump”, in Ara[1]:
- El seu populisme i la seva demagògia han mobilitzat clarament els votants republicans i, per això, encara que deixi la Casa Blanca, el Partit Republicà continuarà sent el Partit de Trump.
- His populism and his demagogy have clearly mobilized Republican voters and so, even if he leaves the White House, the Republican Party will keep being the Party of Trump.
- (transitive) to leave behind, to abandon
- (transitive) to leave to (to transfer possession of after death)
- (transitive) to lend
- Synonym: prestar
- Deixa'm el mòbil, he de trucar la Gina. ― Let me borrow your phone, I have to call Gina.
Conjugation
[edit] Conjugation of deixar (first conjugation)
| infinitive | deixar | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | deixant | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | deixat | deixada | |||||
| plural | deixats | deixades | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
| present | deixo | deixes | deixa | deixem | deixeu | deixen | |
| imperfect | deixava | deixaves | deixava | deixàvem | deixàveu | deixaven | |
| future | deixaré | deixaràs | deixarà | deixarem | deixareu | deixaran | |
| preterite | deixí | deixares | deixà | deixàrem | deixàreu | deixaren | |
| conditional | deixaria | deixaries | deixaria | deixaríem | deixaríeu | deixarien | |
| subjunctive | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
| present | deixi | deixis | deixi | deixem | deixeu | deixin | |
| imperfect | deixés | deixessis | deixés | deixéssim | deixéssiu | deixessin | |
| imperative | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós |
vostès | |
| affirmative | — | deixa | deixi | deixem | deixeu | deixin | |
| negative (no) | — | no deixis | no deixi | no deixem | no deixeu | no deixin | |
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “deixar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “deixar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
- “deixar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “deixar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Galician
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Galician-Portuguese leixar, from Latin laxāre, present active infinitive of laxō. Compare Portuguese deixar, Spanish dejar, Asturian dexar.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]deixar (first-person singular present deixo, first-person singular preterite deixei, past participle deixado)
- (transitive) to leave
- to abandon
- Synonym: abandonar
- to lend
- Synonym: emprestar
- to save (store for future use)
- to let, allow
- to release
- (reflexive) to let oneself go
Conjugation
[edit] Conjugation of deixar
Reintegrated conjugation of deixar (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)
1Less recommended.
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- Ernesto González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “leixar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
- “deixar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
- “deixar”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, since 2012
- “deixar” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
- “deixar” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).
- “deixar” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.
Portuguese
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese leixar, from Latin laxāre (“to extend; to lighten; to relax; to release”), from laxus (“loose”). Doublet of the borrowed laxar. Compare Galician deixar, Asturian dexar, and Spanish dejar, all also undergoing the shift of initial -l- to -d-. It may have been influenced by the preposition de or come from contraction of a Late Latin *dēlaxāre.
Pronunciation
[edit]
- (Northeast Brazil) IPA(key): /dɛjˈʃa(h)/
- (Rural Central Brazil) IPA(key): /di(j)ˈʃa(ɹ)/
- Hyphenation: dei‧xar
Audio (Portugal, Oporto): (file)
Verb
[edit]deixar (first-person singular present deixo, first-person singular preterite deixei, past participle deixado)
- (transitive) to leave; to exit (to go out of or away from a place)
- (transitive) to leave (to refrain from taking)
- Deixei umas bolachas para a minha irmã.
- I left some biscuits for my sister.
- (transitive) to leave (to cause to exist after its occurrence)
- A guerra deixara um rastro de destruição.
- The war had left a wake of destruction.
- (ditransitive) to leave (to cause to be in a state) [with direct object ‘someone/something’ and adjective ‘in a given state’]
- Synonym: tornar
- Deixa a porta aberta quando saíres!
- Leave the door open when you go!
- (transitive) to leave (to end one’s connection, affiliation or relationship with)
- Após vinte anos de casamento, a minha esposa deixou-me.
- After twenty years of marriage, my wife left me.
- Deixei o meu emprego.
- I left my job.
- (catenative) to quit (to stop doing something habitually) [with de (+ infinitive) ‘doing something’]
- Synonym: largar
- Deixem de fumar.
- Stop smoking.
- (catenative) not to (do something); to refrain from [with de (+ infinitive) ‘doing something’]
- Synonym: não
- Não deixe(s) de comprar comida para a viagem.
- Don’t forget to buy food for the trip.
- (ditransitive, catenative) to let; to allow to (to give permission to) [with direct object ‘someone’, along with infinitive or personal (proscribed) infinitive ‘to do something’]
- (ditransitive, catenative) to let; to allow to (to give possibility to) [with direct object ‘someone’, along with infinitive or personal (proscribed) infinitive ‘to do something’]
- Synonyms: permitir que, possibilitar que, possibilitar de
- A neblina não nos deixava ver muito longe.
- The fog didn’t let us see very far.
- (transitive) to postpone; to put off (to reschedule or avoid doing something until a later time) [with direct object ‘something’ and para ‘until a later time’]
- Synonyms: adiar, postergar, transferir
- Tiveram de deixar a partida para amanhã.
- They had to put the match off until tomorrow.
- (transitive) to leave; to bequeath (to give something to someone after dying or leaving)
- Synonym: legar
- Um parente que eu nem conhecia me deixou/-me uns quadros valiosos.
- A relative I didn’t even know left me some valuable paintings.
- (transitive) to leave off; to omit (to not include)
- Synonyms: omitir, deixar de fora
- Comprei um presente para quase toda a gente, só (te) deixei (a) ti/você.
- I bought a gift for everybody, I have only left you out.
- (transitive) to leave alone (to not bother)
- Synonym: deixar em paz
- Deixa/e-me, idiota.
- Leave me alone, you idiot.
- (transitive) to make someone feel a certain way
- Isto está a deixar-me/me deixando louco.
- This is making me mad.
Conjugation
[edit] Conjugation of deixar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
1Brazilian Portuguese.
2European Portuguese.
Quotations
[edit]For quotations using this term, see Citations:deixar.
Synonyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Categories:
- Catalan terms inherited from Old Catalan
- Catalan terms derived from Old Catalan
- Catalan terms derived from Latin
- Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation
- Catalan terms with audio links
- Catalan lemmas
- Catalan verbs
- Catalan first conjugation verbs
- Catalan transitive verbs
- Catalan reflexive verbs
- Catalan terms with usage examples
- Catalan terms with quotations
- Galician terms inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Galician terms derived from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Galician terms inherited from Latin
- Galician terms derived from Latin
- Galician terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Galician/aɾ
- Rhymes:Galician/aɾ/2 syllables
- Galician lemmas
- Galician verbs
- Galician verbs ending in -ar
- Galician transitive verbs
- Galician reflexive verbs
- Portuguese terms inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Portuguese terms derived from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Portuguese terms inherited from Latin
- Portuguese terms derived from Latin
- Portuguese doublets
- Portuguese 2-syllable words
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- Portuguese ditransitive verbs