polis

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See also: Polis, polís, pólis, poliš, -polis, and poli's

English[edit]

English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Pronunciation[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek πόλις (pólis, “fortified town; city state”).

Noun[edit]

polis (plural poleis or polises)

  1. (historical) A Greek city-state.
    • 2006, Karen Armstrong, The Great Transformation, Atlantic Books 2007, page 161:
      By the end of the century, poleis had been established throughout the Hellenic world, all bearing a marked family resemblance.
Related terms[edit]
Translations[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Borrowed from Scots polis. Doublet of police.

Alternative forms[edit]

Noun[edit]

polis (countable and uncountable, plural polises)

  1. (uncountable, Scotland, Ireland, Tyneside) The police.
    • 1994 [1993], Irvine Welsh, Trainspotting, London: Minerva, →ISBN, page 328:
      Even in his Ma's womb, you would have had to define Spud less as a foetus, more as a set of dormant drug and personality problems. He'd probably draw the polis onto them through knocking a saltcellar out of the Little Chef.
  2. (countable, Scotland, Ireland, Tyneside) A police officer.

Further reading[edit]

  • Oxford Dictionaries Online. "polis". 2015.
  • A Dictionary of North East Dialect, Bill Griffiths, 2005, Northumbria University Press, →ISBN

Anagrams[edit]

Azerbaijani[edit]

Other scripts
Cyrillic полис
Perso-Arabic پولیس‎

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): [poˈlis]
  • Audio(file)
  • Hyphenation: pol‧is

Noun[edit]

polis (definite accusative polisi, plural polislər)

  1. police (an organisation that enforces the law)
    polis idarəsi ― police department
    polis şöbəsi ― police station, police district
    polis əməkdaşı ― police employee
  2. police (member of the police force)

Declension[edit]

    Declension of polis
singular plural
nominative polis
 polislər
definite accusative polisi
 polisləri
dative polisə
 polislərə
locative polisdə
 polislərdə
ablative polisdən
 polislərdən
definite genitive polisin
 polislərin
    Possessive forms of polis
nominative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) polisim polislərim
sənin (“your”) polisin polislərin
onun (“his/her/its”) polisi polisləri
bizim (“our”) polisimiz polislərimiz
sizin (“your”) polisiniz polisləriniz
onların (“their”) polisi or polisləri polisləri
accusative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) polisimi polislərimi
sənin (“your”) polisini polislərini
onun (“his/her/its”) polisini polislərini
bizim (“our”) polisimizi polislərimizi
sizin (“your”) polisinizi polislərinizi
onların (“their”) polisini or polislərini polislərini
dative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) polisimə polislərimə
sənin (“your”) polisinə polislərinə
onun (“his/her/its”) polisinə polislərinə
bizim (“our”) polisimizə polislərimizə
sizin (“your”) polisinizə polislərinizə
onların (“their”) polisinə or polislərinə polislərinə
locative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) polisimdə polislərimdə
sənin (“your”) polisində polislərində
onun (“his/her/its”) polisində polislərində
bizim (“our”) polisimizdə polislərimizdə
sizin (“your”) polisinizdə polislərinizdə
onların (“their”) polisində or polislərində polislərində
ablative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) polisimdən polislərimdən
sənin (“your”) polisindən polislərindən
onun (“his/her/its”) polisindən polislərindən
bizim (“our”) polisimizdən polislərimizdən
sizin (“your”) polisinizdən polislərinizdən
onların (“their”) polisindən or polislərindən polislərindən
genitive
singular plural
mənim (“my”) polisimin polislərimin
sənin (“your”) polisinin polislərinin
onun (“his/her/its”) polisinin polislərinin
bizim (“our”) polisimizin polislərimizin
sizin (“your”) polisinizin polislərinizin
onların (“their”) polisinin or polislərinin polislərinin

Cebuano[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From English police, from Middle French police, from Latin politia (“state, government”), from Ancient Greek πολιτεία (politeía).

Noun[edit]

polis

  1. A police officer; a cop.
  2. A civil force granted the legal authority for law enforcement and maintaining public order.

Czech[edit]

Etymology[edit]

International learned borrowing Ancient Greek πόλις (pólis, “fortified town; city state”).

Noun[edit]

polis f (indeclinable)

  1. polis (ancient Greek city-state)

Related terms[edit]

Related terms

Further reading[edit]

  • polis in Kartotéka Novočeského lexikálního archivu
  • polis in Akademický slovník cizích slov, 1995, at prirucka.ujc.cas.cz

Dutch[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /ˈpoː.lɪs/
  • Audio(file)
  • Hyphenation: po‧lis

Etymology 1[edit]

From French police (from Italian polizza, q.v.).

Noun[edit]

polis f (plural polissen, diminutive polisje n)

  1. insurance policy
  2. insurance plan
Derived terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
  • → Indonesian: polis

Etymology 2[edit]

International learned borrowing from Ancient Greek πόλις (pólis) since the 1970s (probably via English polis).

Noun[edit]

polis f (plural poleis)

  1. (historical) A polis; an ancient, especially Ancient Greek, city state or city.

Finnish[edit]

Finnish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia fi

Etymology[edit]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek πόλις (pólis, “fortified town; city state”).

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /ˈpolis/, [ˈpo̞lis̠]
  • Rhymes: -olis
  • Syllabification(key): po‧lis

Noun[edit]

polis

  1. (historical) A Greek city-state.
    • 2011, Paavo Castrén, Uusi antiikin historia, Otava, page 117:
      Kreikkalainen polis tuli sekä etruski- että latinalaisten yhteisöjen esikuvaksi – –.
      The Greek polis came to be a role model for Estruscan and Latin communities alike – –

Declension[edit]

Inflection of polis (Kotus type 39/vastaus, no gradation)
nominative polis polikset
genitive poliksen polisten
poliksien
partitive polista poliksia
illative polikseen poliksiin
singular plural
nominative polis polikset
accusative nom. polis polikset
gen. poliksen
genitive poliksen polisten
poliksien
partitive polista poliksia
inessive poliksessa poliksissa
elative poliksesta poliksista
illative polikseen poliksiin
adessive poliksella poliksilla
ablative polikselta poliksilta
allative polikselle poliksille
essive poliksena poliksina
translative polikseksi poliksiksi
instructive — poliksin
abessive poliksetta poliksitta
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of polis (type vastaus)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative polikseni polikseni
accusative nom. polikseni polikseni
gen. polikseni
genitive polikseni polisteni
poliksieni
partitive polistani poliksiani
inessive poliksessani poliksissani
elative poliksestani poliksistani
illative polikseeni poliksiini
adessive poliksellani poliksillani
ablative polikseltani poliksiltani
allative polikselleni poliksilleni
essive poliksenani poliksinani
translative poliksekseni poliksikseni
instructive — —
abessive poliksettani poliksittani
comitative — poliksineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative poliksesi poliksesi
accusative nom. poliksesi poliksesi
gen. poliksesi
genitive poliksesi polistesi
poliksiesi
partitive polistasi poliksiasi
inessive poliksessasi poliksissasi
elative poliksestasi poliksistasi
illative polikseesi poliksiisi
adessive poliksellasi poliksillasi
ablative polikseltasi poliksiltasi
allative poliksellesi poliksillesi
essive poliksenasi poliksinasi
translative polikseksesi poliksiksesi
instructive — —
abessive poliksettasi poliksittasi
comitative — poliksinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative poliksemme poliksemme
accusative nom. poliksemme poliksemme
gen. poliksemme
genitive poliksemme polistemme
poliksiemme
partitive polistamme poliksiamme
inessive poliksessamme poliksissamme
elative poliksestamme poliksistamme
illative polikseemme poliksiimme
adessive poliksellamme poliksillamme
ablative polikseltamme poliksiltamme
allative poliksellemme poliksillemme
essive poliksenamme poliksinamme
translative polikseksemme poliksiksemme
instructive — —
abessive poliksettamme poliksittamme
comitative — poliksinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative poliksenne poliksenne
accusative nom. poliksenne poliksenne
gen. poliksenne
genitive poliksenne polistenne
poliksienne
partitive polistanne poliksianne
inessive poliksessanne poliksissanne
elative poliksestanne poliksistanne
illative polikseenne poliksiinne
adessive poliksellanne poliksillanne
ablative polikseltanne poliksiltanne
allative poliksellenne poliksillenne
essive poliksenanne poliksinanne
translative polikseksenne poliksiksenne
instructive — —
abessive poliksettanne poliksittanne
comitative — poliksinenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative poliksensa poliksensa
accusative nom. poliksensa poliksensa
gen. poliksensa
genitive poliksensa polistensa
poliksiensa
partitive polistaan
polistansa 		poliksiaan
poliksiansa
inessive poliksessaan
poliksessansa 		poliksissaan
poliksissansa
elative poliksestaan
poliksestansa 		poliksistaan
poliksistansa
illative polikseensa poliksiinsa
adessive poliksellaan
poliksellansa 		poliksillaan
poliksillansa
ablative polikseltaan
polikseltansa 		poliksiltaan
poliksiltansa
allative polikselleen
poliksellensa 		poliksilleen
poliksillensa
essive poliksenaan
poliksenansa 		poliksinaan
poliksinansa
translative poliksekseen
polikseksensa 		poliksikseen
poliksiksensa
instructive — —
abessive poliksettaan
poliksettansa 		poliksittaan
poliksittansa
comitative — poliksineen
poliksinensa

Synonyms[edit]

Related terms[edit]

French[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

polis

  1. inflection of polir:
    1. first/second-person singular present indicative
    2. first/second-person singular past historic
    3. second-person singular imperative

Participle[edit]

polis m pl

  1. masculine plural of the past participle of polir

Adjective[edit]

polis

  1. masculine plural of poli

Anagrams[edit]

Haitian Creole[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From French police.

Noun[edit]

polis

  1. police officer

Indonesian[edit]

Indonesian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia id

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /polɪs/
  • Hyphenation: po‧lis

Etymology 1[edit]

From Dutch polis (“insurance policy”), from French police (“policy”), from Italian polizza, from Ancient Greek ἀπόδειξις (apódeixis, “proof”). Compare to Malay polisi (“policy”).

Noun[edit]

polis (first-person possessive polisku, second-person possessive polismu, third-person possessive polisnya)

  1. insurance policy
Derived terms[edit]
Derived terms[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Noun[edit]

polis (first-person possessive polisku, second-person possessive polismu, third-person possessive polisnya)

  1. nonstandard form of poles.

Usage notes[edit]

The word is part of false friends between Standard Malay and Indonesian. The Brunei, Malaysia and Singapore usage can be seen in Malay polis.

Further reading[edit]

Latin[edit]

Noun[edit]

polīs

  1. dative/ablative plural of polus

References[edit]

  • polis in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • “polis”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • “polis”, in William Smith, editor (1848) A Dictionary of Greek Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray
  • “polis”, in William Smith, editor (1854, 1857) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, volume 1 & 2, London: Walton and Maberly

Latvian[edit]

Latvian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia lv

Etymology[edit]

Ultimately from Polish polak, Russian поля́к (polják) (under the influence of Old High German pōl — cf. German, English Pole — and perhaps also of Latvian dialectal bolis, polis (“ox without horns”)), itself derived from Polish pole (“field”), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“light (color), gray”).[1]

Pronunciation[edit]

This entry needs audio files. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record some and upload them. (For audio required quickly, visit WT:APR.)

Noun[edit]

polis m (2nd declension, feminine form: poliete)

  1. a Pole, a Polish man, a man born in Poland
    pēc Livonijas kara poļi ieguva Vidzemi un Latgali ― after the Livonian War the Poles obtained Vidzeme and Latgale
  2. (genitive plural) Polish; pertaining to Poland and its people
    poļu valoda ― the Polish language
    poļu māksla ― Polish art

Declension[edit]

Declension of polis (2nd declension)
singular (vienskaitlis) plural (daudzskaitlis)
nominative (nominatīvs) polis poļi
accusative (akuzatīvs) poli poļus
genitive (ģenitīvs) poļa poļu
dative (datīvs) polim poļiem
instrumental (instrumentālis) poli poļiem
locative (lokatīvs) polī poļos
vocative (vokatīvs) poli poļi

Related terms[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992), “polis”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN

Malay[edit]

Malay Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ms

Pronunciation[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From English police, from Middle French police, from Latin politia (“state, government”), from Ancient Greek πολιτεία (politeía).

Noun[edit]

polis (plural polis-polis, informal 1st possessive polisku, 2nd possessive polismu, 3rd possessive polisnya)

  1. (Malaysia, Singapore, Riau) police, a civil force granted the legal authority for law enforcement and maintaining public order.
Usage notes[edit]

The word is part of false friends between Standard Malay and Indonesian due to shared etymology. The Indonesian usage can be seen in Indonesian polis.

Alternative forms[edit]
Synonyms[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
References[edit]
  • Kamus Bahasa Indonesia-Melayu Riau, Jakarta, Indonesia: Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 1997, →ISBN, page 308

Etymology 2[edit]

Noun[edit]

polis (plural polis-polis, informal 1st possessive polisku, 2nd possessive polismu, 3rd possessive polisnya)

  1. (Indonesia) alternative spelling of polisi (“policy”), see Indonesian polis (“policy”).

Papiamentu[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Spanish policía and Portuguese polícia and Dutch politie.

Noun[edit]

polis

  1. police
  2. policeman

Pijin[edit]

Noun[edit]

polis

  1. police
  2. willy wagtail

Romanian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek πόλις (pólis).

Noun[edit]

polis n (plural polisuri)

  1. polis

Declension[edit]

Declension of polis
singular plural
indefinite articulation definite articulation indefinite articulation definite articulation
nominative/accusative (un) polis polisul (niște) polisuri polisurile
genitive/dative (unui) polis polisului (unor) polisuri polisurilor
vocative polisule polisurilor

Scots[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From the French police.

Noun[edit]

polis (countable and uncountable, plural polises)

  1. (uncountable) police
    • 1987, Robbie Kydd, ...Auld Zimmery, Mariscat Press 1987:
      'Listen then. Yer name's Andy MacPhail. That's whit us three has jist tellt the polis in wir statements. Okay?'
    • 1991, Dr James Begg, Dipper: 20 - Cops and Robbers, Luath Press:
      ‘Aye, Andra,' cam back the reply. 'We micht as weel caa it a day doun here. The hale bluidy place is hotchin wi polis! Come doun an get us at the Auld Raw.'
      (please add an English translation of this quote)
    • 2007, Sheena Blackhall, The Quarry, Lochlands:
      Brian hid contactit his granfaither, Pat, tae see gin the polis computers could raik up onythin ava tae makk eese o in persuadin Bappy Anderson tae pairt wi a kidney.
      (please add an English translation of this quote)
    • 2013, Pedro Lenz, Donal McLaughlin, transl., Naw Much of a Talker, Freight Books, page 51:
      Coont yirsel lucky ahm naw cawin the polis. Noo fuck off.
      (please add an English translation of this quote)

Etymology 2[edit]

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Adjective[edit]

polis

  1. Polish

Verb[edit]

polis

  1. polish
  2. adorn, beautify

References[edit]

Spanish[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /ˈpolis/ [ˈpo.lis]
  • Rhymes: -olis
  • Syllabification: po‧lis

Etymology 1[edit]

Noun[edit]

polis m pl or f pl

  1. plural of poli

Etymology 2[edit]

Spanish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia es

Borrowed from Ancient Greek πόλις (pólis, “city-state”).

Noun[edit]

polis f pl (plural only)

  1. polis

Further reading[edit]

Swedish[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

polis c

  1. (often in the definite "polisen") police (organization that enforces the law)
  2. a police officer
    Synonyms: polisman, (dated, now polisassistent) konstapel (“constable”)

Declension[edit]

Declension of polis 
Singular Plural
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Nominative polis polisen poliser poliserna
Genitive polis polisens polisers polisernas

Colloquial or slang synonyms (police forces)[edit]

Colloquial or slang synonyms (police officer)[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

References[edit]

Tok Pisin[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From English police.

Noun[edit]

polis

  1. police

Etymology 2[edit]

From English polish.

Noun[edit]

polis

  1. polish

Turkish[edit]

Turkish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia tr

Etymology[edit]

From Ottoman Turkish پولیس‎ (polis), from French police.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /poˈlis/
  • Hyphenation: po‧lis

Noun[edit]

polis (definite accusative polisi, plural polisler)

  1. police (an organisation that enforces the law)
  2. police officer

Usage notes[edit]

Declension[edit]

Inflection
Nominative polis
Definite accusative polisi
Singular Plural
Nominative polis polisler
Definite accusative polisi polisleri
Dative polise polislere
Locative poliste polislerde
Ablative polisten polislerden
Genitive polisin polislerin
Possessive forms
Nominative
Singular Plural
1st singular polisim polislerim
2nd singular polisin polislerin
3rd singular polisi polisleri
1st plural polisimiz polislerimiz
2nd plural polisiniz polisleriniz
3rd plural polisleri polisleri
Definite accusative
Singular Plural
1st singular polisimi polislerimi
2nd singular polisini polislerini
3rd singular polisini polislerini
1st plural polisimizi polislerimizi
2nd plural polisinizi polislerinizi
3rd plural polislerini polislerini
Dative
Singular Plural
1st singular polisime polislerime
2nd singular polisine polislerine
3rd singular polisine polislerine
1st plural polisimize polislerimize
2nd plural polisinize polislerinize
3rd plural polislerine polislerine
Locative
Singular Plural
1st singular polisimde polislerimde
2nd singular polisinde polislerinde
3rd singular polisinde polislerinde
1st plural polisimizde polislerimizde
2nd plural polisinizde polislerinizde
3rd plural polislerinde polislerinde
Ablative
Singular Plural
1st singular polisimden polislerimden
2nd singular polisinden polislerinden
3rd singular polisinden polislerinden
1st plural polisimizden polislerimizden
2nd plural polisinizden polislerinizden
3rd plural polislerinden polislerinden
Genitive
Singular Plural
1st singular polisimin polislerimin
2nd singular polisinin polislerinin
3rd singular polisinin polislerinin
1st plural polisimizin polislerimizin
2nd plural polisinizin polislerinizin
3rd plural polislerinin polislerinin
Predicative forms
Singular Plural
1st singular polisim polislerim
2nd singular polissin polislersin
3rd singular polis
polistir 		polisler
polislerdir
1st plural polisiz polisleriz
2nd plural polissiniz polislersiniz
3rd plural polisler polislerdir

Synonyms[edit]

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