認
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See also: 认
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Translingual
[edit]Traditional | 認 |
---|---|
Simplified | 认 |
Japanese | 認 |
Korean | 認 |
Han character
[edit]認 (Kangxi radical 149, 言+7, 14 strokes, cangjie input 卜口尸戈心 (YRSIP), four-corner 07632, composition ⿰訁忍)
Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1161, character 18
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 35502
- Dae Jaweon: page 1626, character 25
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3980, character 11
- Unihan data for U+8A8D
Chinese
[edit]trad. | 認 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 认 |
Glyph origin
[edit]Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *njɯns, *njɯŋs) : semantic 言 (“speech”) + phonetic 忍 (OC *njɯnʔ).
Etymology
[edit]Compare Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-njan (“to hear; to listen”) (STEDT); cognate with Tibetan ཉན (nyan, “to listen”), Mizo en (“to look; to look at”). Schuessler (2007) suggests another cognate Jingpho non⁵⁵ (“to think; to consider”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): jing6 / jan6
- Gan (Wiktionary): nyin5
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): reng3
- Eastern Min (BUC): nêng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6gnin
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄖㄣˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: rèn
- Wade–Giles: jên4
- Yale: rèn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: renn
- Palladius: жэнь (žɛnʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʐən⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: jing6 / jan6
- Yale: yihng / yahn
- Cantonese Pinyin: jing6 / jan6
- Guangdong Romanization: ying6 / yen6
- Sinological IPA (key): /jɪŋ²²/, /jɐn²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Note: jing6 - common, jan6 - rare.
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: nyin5
- Sinological IPA (key): /n̠ʲin¹¹/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngin
- Hakka Romanization System: ngin
- Hagfa Pinyim: ngin4
- Sinological IPA: /ŋin⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: reng3
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /ʐə̃ŋ⁴⁵/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: nêng
- Sinological IPA (key): /nˡɛiŋ²⁴²/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Taipei, Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: līn
- Tâi-lô: līn
- Phofsit Daibuun: lin
- IPA (Taipei): /lin³³/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /lin⁴¹/
- IPA (Xiamen): /lin²²/
- (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jīn
- Tâi-lô: jīn
- Phofsit Daibuun: jin
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /zin³³/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡zin²²/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jīm
- Tâi-lô: jīm
- Phofsit Daibuun: jim
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /zim³³/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: ring7
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: jīng
- Sinological IPA (key): /d͡ziŋ¹¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Taipei, Xiamen)
- Wu
- Middle Chinese: nyinH, nyingH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*nə[n]-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*njɯns/, /*njɯŋs/
Definitions
[edit]認
- to recognize; to know; to understand; to acknowledge
- to accept; to agree
- to admit (defeat); to resign (oneself to something)
- to treat as; to consider as
- to adopt; to take on
- to undertake (to do something)
Synonyms
[edit]- (to recognize):
- 分 (literary, or in compounds)
- 分別/分别 (fēnbié)
- 分化 (fēnhuà)
- 分揀/分拣 (fēnjiǎn) (literary)
- 分辨 (fēnbiàn)
- 判別/判别 (pànbié)
- 別白/别白 (biébái) (literary)
- 劃分/划分 (huàfēn)
- 區/区 (literary, or in compounds)
- 區分/区分 (qūfēn)
- 區別/区别 (qūbié)
- 區劃/区划 (qūhuà) (literary)
- 甄別/甄别 (zhēnbié)
- 科別/科别 (kēbié) (literary)
- 識別/识别 (shíbié)
- 辨別/辨别 (biànbié)
- 辨明 (biànmíng)
- 辨析 (biànxī) (to differentiate and analyze)
- 辨白 (biànbái) (literary)
- 辨認/辨认 (biànrèn)
- 辨識/辨识 (biànshí)
- 鑒別/鉴别 (jiànbié)
- 鑒識/鉴识 (jiànshí)
Compounds
[edit]- 不認/不认
- 不認人/不认人
- 不認帳/不认帐
- 不認得/不认得
- 不認得字的/不认得字的
- 供認/供认 (gòngrèn)
- 俯首認罪/俯首认罪
- 六親不認/六亲不认 (liùqīnbùrèn)
- 公認/公认 (gōngrèn)
- 冒認/冒认 (màorèn)
- 半道兒認姐姐/半道儿认姐姐
- 只認錢不認人/只认钱不认人
- 否認/否认 (fǒurèn)
- 國家承認/国家承认
- 強制認領/强制认领
- 承認/承认 (chéngrèn)
- 招認/招认 (zhāorèn)
- 指認/指认
- 攤認/摊认
- 文書認證/文书认证
- 死不認錯/死不认错
- 法定認領/法定认领
- 無可否認/无可否认 (wúkěfǒurèn)
- 理性認識/理性认识
- 相認/相认 (xiāngrèn)
- 矢口否認/矢口否认 (shǐkǒufǒurèn)
- 確認/确认 (quèrèn)
- 給個棒錘當針認/给个棒锤当针认
- 翻臉不認人/翻脸不认人 (fānliǎn bù rèn rén)
- 自認/自认 (zìrèn)
- 自認倒楣/自认倒楣
- 色認/色认
- 記認/记认 (jìrèn)
- 認了/认了
- 認分/认分
- 認可/认可 (rènkě)
- 認同/认同 (rèntóng)
- 認同卡/认同卡
- 認命/认命 (rènmìng)
- 認字/认字 (rènzì)
- 認定/认定 (rèndìng)
- 認屍/认尸 (rènshī)
- 認帳/认帐 (rènzhàng)
- 認床/认床 (rènchuáng)
- 認得/认得 (rènde)
- 認捐/认捐
- 認旗/认旗
- 認清/认清 (rènqīng)
- 認準/认准 (rènzhǔn)
- 認為/认为 (rènwéi)
- 認犯頭/认犯头
- 認生/认生 (rènshēng)
- 認真/认真 (rènzhēn)
- 認知/认知 (rènzhī)
- 認祖歸宗/认祖归宗 (rènzǔguīzōng)
- 認罪/认罪 (rènzuì)
- 認義/认义
- 認股/认股
- 認背/认背
- 認親/认亲 (rènqīn)
- 誤認/误认 (wùrèn)
- 認識/认识
- 認證/认证 (rènzhèng)
- 認識論/认识论
- 認賊作父/认贼作父 (rènzéizuòfù)
- 認賊為子/认贼为子
- 認賠/认赔
- 認購/认购 (rèngòu)
- 認路/认路
- 認輸/认输 (rènshū)
- 認錯/认错 (rèncuò)
- 認領/认领 (rènlǐng)
- 認頭/认头 (rèntóu)
- 認養/认养
- 認養人/认养人
- 識認/识认 (shírèn)
- 身分認證/身分认证
- 辨認/辨认 (biànrèn)
- 追認/追认 (zhuīrèn)
- 錯認顏標/错认颜标
- 體認/体认 (tǐrèn)
- 默認/默认 (mòrèn)
Japanese
[edit]Shinjitai | 認 | |
Kyūjitai [1] |
認󠄁 認+ 󠄁 ?(Adobe-Japan1) |
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認󠄃 認+ 󠄃 ?(Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) | ||
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |
Kanji
[edit]認
Readings
[edit]From Middle Chinese 認 (MC nyinH):
From Middle Chinese 認 (MC nyingH):
From native Japanese roots:
- Kun: みとめる (mitomeru, 認める, Jōyō)←みとむ (mitomu, 認む, historical); したためる (shitatameru, 認める)←したたむ (sitatamu, 認む, historical)
- Nanori: もろ (moro)
Compounds
[edit]Proper noun
[edit]- a male given name
References
[edit]Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]- hanja form? of 인 (“know”)
- hanja form? of 인 (“recognition”)
- hanja form? of 인 (“authorization”)
- hanja form? of 인 (“approval”)
Compounds
[edit]- 인지 (認知, inji, “recognition”)
- 인정 (認定, injeong, “recognition, acknowledgment, authorization”)
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
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- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading じん
- Japanese kanji with goon reading にょう
- Japanese kanji with historical goon reading によう
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading じょう
- Japanese kanji with historical kan'on reading じよう
- Japanese kanji with kun reading みと・める
- Japanese kanji with historical kun reading みと・む
- Japanese kanji with kun reading したた・める
- Japanese kanji with historical kun reading したた・む
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading もろ
- Japanese lemmas
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