馱

See also: 駄, 驮, and 䭾

馱 U+99B1, 馱 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-99B1 ← 馰 [U+99B0] CJK Unified Ideographs 馲 → [U+99B2]

Translingual

Japanese	駄
Simplified	驮
Traditional	馱

Han character

馱 (Kangxi radical 187, 馬+3, 12 strokes, cangjie input 尸火大 (SFK), four-corner 7433₀, composition ⿰馬大)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1434, character 7
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 44589
• Dae Jaweon: page 1958, character 12
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4541, character 5
• Unihan data for U+99B1

Chinese

trad.		馱
simp.		驮
alternative forms		駄 ancient 䭾 佗 Wu

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (大) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
馱	*daːl, *daːds
大	*daːds, *daːds
忕	*tʰaːds, *daːds, *djads
太	*tʰaːds
汰	*tʰaːds
汏	*daːds, *tʰaːd
軑	*daːds, *deːds
釱	*daːds, *deːds
达	*tʰeːds
杕	*deːds

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *daːl, *daːds) : semantic 馬 + phonetic 大 (OC *daːds, *daːds).

Pronunciation 1

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): tuó (tuo²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄊㄨㄛˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): to⁴
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tô / tô͘ / tôa
• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶du

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: tuó
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄨㄛˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: tuó
    • Wade–Giles: tʻo²
    • Yale: twó
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: two
    • Palladius: то (to)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰu̯ɔ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: to⁴
    • Yale: tòh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: to⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: to⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɔː²¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tô
    • Tâi-lô: tô
    • Phofsit Daibuun: dooi
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /to¹³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /to²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tɤ²³/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tô͘
    • Tâi-lô: tôo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: doo
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tɔ²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tôa
    • Tâi-lô: tuâ
    • Phofsit Daibuun: doaa
    • IPA (Xiamen): /tua²⁴/

Note:

• tôa - vernacular;
• tô/tô͘ - literary.

• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶du
    • MiniDict: du^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³du
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /du²³/

---

• Middle Chinese: da

Rime
Character	馱
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	歌 (94)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	徒河切
Baxter	da
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/dɑ/
Pan Wuyun	/dɑ/
Shao Rongfen	/dɑ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/da/
Li Rong	/dɑ/
Wang Li	/dɑ/
Bernard Karlgren	/dʱɑ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	tuó
Expected Cantonese Reflex	to4

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*daːl/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	馱
Reading #	1/2
No.	1933
Phonetic component	大
Rime group	歌
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	駝
Old Chinese	/*daːl/

Definitions

馱

1. to carry on the back (especially by a pack animal)

Synonyms

• 背 (bēi)

Compounds

• 下馱／下驮 (xiàtuó)
• 佛馱／佛驮
• 韋馱／韦驮 (Wéituó)
• 馱子／驮子 (duòzi)
• 馱水棍／驮水棍
• 馱轎／驮轿
• 馱運／驮运
• 馱馬／驮马
• 騾馱轎／骡驮轿

 

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): duò (duo⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄉㄨㄛˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): do⁶
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tōa / tō / tō͘

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: duò
    • Zhuyin: ㄉㄨㄛˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: duò
    • Wade–Giles: to⁴
    • Yale: dwò
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: duoh
    • Palladius: до (do)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tu̯ɔ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: do⁶
    • Yale: doh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: do⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: do⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɔː²²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tōa
    • Tâi-lô: tuā
    • Phofsit Daibuun: doa
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tua²²/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tō
    • Tâi-lô: tō
    • Phofsit Daibuun: doi
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /to²²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /to⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tō͘
    • Tâi-lô: tōo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: do
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tɔ⁴¹/

Note:

• tōa - vernacular;
• tō/tō͘ - literary.

---

• Middle Chinese: daH

Rime
Character	馱
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	歌 (94)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	唐佐切
Baxter	daH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/dɑH/
Pan Wuyun	/dɑH/
Shao Rongfen	/dɑH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/daH/
Li Rong	/dɑH/
Wang Li	/dɑH/
Bernard Karlgren	/dʱɑH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	duò
Expected Cantonese Reflex	do6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*daːds/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	馱
Reading #	2/2
No.	1935
Phonetic component	大
Rime group	祭
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	䭾
Old Chinese	/*daːds/
Notes	原右誤犬集韻不誤

Definitions

馱

1. load carried by a pack animal

Compounds

• 馱子／驮子 (duòzi)
• 馱架／驮架
• 騾馱子／骡驮子

 

References

• “馱”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

馱

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 駄)

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Readings

• Go-on: だ (da); だい (dai)
• Kan-on: た (ta); たい (tai)
• Kun: のせる (noseru, 馱せる)

Korean

Hanja

馱 (eum 타 (ta))

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Vietnamese

Han character

馱: Hán Nôm readings: đà, thồ

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.