jump

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Contents

English [edit]

Etymology [edit]

From Middle English jumpen (“to walk quickly, run, jump”), probably of Middle Low German or North Germanic origin, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *gempanan, *gembanan (“to hop, skip, jump”), from Proto-Indo-European *gwʰemb- (“ to spring, hop, jump”). Cognate with Old Dutch gumpen (“to jump”), Low German jumpen (“to jump”), Middle High German gumpen, gampen (“to jump, hop”) (dialectal German gampen), Danish gumpe (“to jolt”), Swedish gumpa (“to jump”), Danish gimpe (“to move up and down”), Middle English jumpren, jumbren (“to mix, jumble”). Related to jumble.

Pronunciation [edit]

Verb [edit]

jump (third-person singular simple present jumps, present participle jumping, simple past and past participle jumped)

  1. (intransitive) To propel oneself rapidly upward such that momentum causes the body to become airborne.
    The boy jumped over a fence.
    Kangaroos are known for their ability to jump high,
    I can jump 2 metres in the air.
  2. (intransitive) To cause oneself to leave an elevated location and fall downward.
    She is going to jump from the diving board.
  3. (intransitive) To employ a parachute to leave an aircraft or elevated location.
  4. (intransitive) To react to a sudden, often unexpected, stimulus (such as a sharp prick or a loud sound) by jerking the body violently.
    The sudden sharp sound made me jump.
  5. (intransitive) To employ a move in certain board games where one game piece is moved from one legal position to another passing over the position of another piece.
    The player's knight jumped the opponent's bishop.
  6. (transitive) To move to a position in (a queue/line) that is further forward.
    I hate it when people jump the queue.
  7. (transitive) To attack suddenly and violently.
    The hoodlum jumped a woman in the alley.
  8. (transitive) To engage in sexual intercourse.
    The hoodlum jumped a woman in the alley.
  9. (transitive) To cause to jump.
    The rider jumped the horse over the fence.
  10. (transitive) To move the distance between two opposing subjects.
  11. (transitive) To increase the height of a tower crane by inserting a section at the base of the tower and jacking up everything above it.
  12. (cycling, intransitive) To increase speed aggressively and without warning.

Synonyms [edit]

Related terms [edit]

Derived terms [edit]

Terms derived from jump (verb)

See also jumped, jumper and jumping

Translations [edit]

propel oneself rapidly upward such that momentum causes the body to become airborne
cause oneself to leave an elevated location and fall downward
employ a parachute to leave an aircraft or elevated location
react to a sudden stimulus by jerking the body violently
employ a move in certain board games in which one piece moves over another
move to a position in (a queue/line) that is further forward
To engage in sexual intercourse
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Help:How to check translations.
Translations to be checked

Noun [edit]

jump (plural jumps)

  1. The act of jumping; a leap; a spring; a bound.
    • John Locke
      To advance by jumps.
  2. An effort; an attempt; a venture.
    • Shakespeare
      Our fortune lies / Upon this jump.
  3. (mining) A dislocation in a stratum; a fault.
  4. (architecture) An abrupt interruption of level in a piece of brickwork or masonry.
  5. An instance of propelling oneself upwards.
    The boy took a skip and a jump down the lane.
  6. An instance of causing oneself to fall from an elevated location.
    There were a couple of jumps from the bridge.
  7. An instance of employing a parachute to leave an aircraft or elevated location.
    She was terrified before the jump, but was thrilled to be skydiving.
  8. An instance of reacting to a sudden stimulus by jerking the body.
  9. A jumping move in a board game.
  10. A button (of a joypad, joystick or similar device) whose only or main current function is that when it is pressed it causes a video game character to jump (propel itself upwards).
    Press jump to start.
  11. (sports, horses) An obstacle that forms part of a showjumping course, and that the horse has to jump over cleanly.
    Heartless managed the scale the first jump but fell over the second.
  12. (with on) An early start or an advantage.
    He got a jump on the day because he had laid out everything the night before.
    Their research department gave them the jump on the competition.
  13. (mathematics) A discontinuity in the graph of a function, where the function is continuous in a punctured interval of the discontinuity.
  14. (science fiction) An instance of faster-than-light travel, not observable from the ordinary space.

Quotations [edit]

Synonyms [edit]

  • (instance of propelling oneself into the air): leap
  • (instance of causing oneself to fall from an elevated location):
  • (instance of employing a parachute to leave an aircraft or elevated location):
  • (instance of reacting to a sudden stimulus by jerking the body): flinch, jerk, twitch

Derived terms [edit]

Terms derived from jump (noun)

Translations [edit]

instance of propelling oneself into the air
instance of causing oneself to fall from an elevated location
instance of employing a parachute to leave an aircraft or elevated location
instance of reacting to a sudden stimulus by jerking the body
jumping move in a board game
discontinuity of function
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Help:How to check translations.
Translations to be checked

Adverb [edit]

jump (not comparable)

  1. (obsolete) exactly; precisely
    • Marcellus, in "Hamlet" by William Shakespeare, act 1 scene 1, l 64-65
      Thus twice before, and jump at this dead hour,
      With martial stalk hath he gone by our watch.
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