偶

Translingual

Han character

偶 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+9, 11 strokes, cangjie input 人田中月 (OWLB), four-corner 2622₇, composition ⿰亻禺)

Derived characters

• 𠽀, 𢠉, 𣼱, 𦸲, 𢠙

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 112, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 899
• Dae Jaweon: page 238, character 9
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 190, character 3
• Unihan data for U+5076

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Chinese

trad.		偶
simp. #		偶

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 偶
Small seal script s05899
References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (禺) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
齵	*ŋoː, *ŋo
偶	*ŋoːʔ, *ŋoːs
耦	*ŋoːʔ
藕	*ŋoːʔ
髃	*ŋoːʔ, *ŋo
蕅	*ŋoːʔ
愚	*ŋo
隅	*ŋo
禺	*ŋo, *ŋos
湡	*ŋo
堣	*ŋo
嵎	*ŋo
鰅	*ŋo, *ŋoŋ
鍝	*ŋo
遇	*ŋos
寓	*ŋos
庽	*ŋos
媀	*ŋos
喁	*ŋoŋ
顒	*ŋoŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋoːʔ, *ŋoːs) : semantic 亻 (“person”) + phonetic 禺 (OC *ŋo, *ŋos) – a statue of a person, an idol.

Etymology 1

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 偶

1. idol

   偶像  ―  ǒuxiàng  ―  idol

   穿8號球衣的那個運動員是我的偶像！ [MSC, trad.]
   穿8号球衣的那个运动员是我的偶像！ [MSC, simp.]

   Chuān bā hào qiúyī de nà ge yùndòngyuán shì wǒ de ǒuxiàng! [Pinyin]

   The athlete wearing no. 8 is my idol!

2. couple, pair
3. even (number)

   偶數／偶数  ―  ǒushù  ―  even number

4. (slang, cute-sounding) (deprecated template usage) Alternative form of 我 (wǒ, “I”).

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): ǒu (ou³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄡˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ngau⁵

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: ǒu
    • Zhuyin: ㄡˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: ǒu
    • Wade–Giles: ou³
    • Yale: ǒu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: oou
    • Palladius: оу (ou)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀoʊ̯²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: ngau⁵
    • Yale: ngáuh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ngau⁵
    • Guangdong Romanization: ngeo⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋɐu̯¹³/

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• Middle Chinese: nguwH

Rime
Character	偶
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	侯 (137)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	五遘切
Baxter	nguwH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ŋəuH/
Pan Wuyun	/ŋəuH/
Shao Rongfen	/ŋəuH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ŋəwH/
Li Rong	/ŋuH/
Wang Li	/ŋəuH/
Bernard Karlgren	/ŋə̯uH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	òu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ngau6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*ŋoːs/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	偶
Reading #	2/2
No.	15918
Phonetic component	禺
Rime group	侯
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	偶
Old Chinese	/*ŋoːs/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 偶

1. accidentally, coincidentally, by accident, by chance, occasionally

   偶爾／偶尔  ―  ǒu'ěr  ―  occasionally

   偶然  ―  ǒurán  ―  occasionally, accidentally

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Japanese

Kanji

偶

(Jōyō kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: ぐ (gu)
• Kan-on: ごう (gō)
• Kan’yō-on: ぐう (gū, Jōyō)
• Kun: たぐい (tagui, 偶); たまたま (tamatama, 偶)

Compounds

• 偶然

• 配偶者(はいぐうしゃ) (haigūsha, “spouse”)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
偶
たま Grade: S
kun'yomi

Alternative forms

• 適

Adjective

偶(たま) • (tama) -na (adnominal 偶(たま)な (tama na), adverbial 偶(たま)に (tama ni))

1. occasional

Inflection

Inflection of 偶

Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	偶だろ	たまだろ	tama daro
Continuative (連用形)	偶で	たまで	tama de
Terminal (終止形)	偶だ	たまだ	tama da
Attributive (連体形)	偶な	たまな	tama na
Hypothetical (仮定形)	偶なら	たまなら	tama nara
Imperative (命令形)	偶であれ	たまであれ	tama de are
Key constructions
Informal negative	偶ではない 偶じゃない	たまではない たまじゃない	tama de wa nai tama ja nai
Informal past	偶だった	たまだった	tama datta
Informal negative past	偶ではなかった 偶じゃなかった	たまではなかった たまじゃなかった	tama de wa nakatta tama ja nakatta
Formal	偶です	たまです	tama desu
Formal negative	偶ではありません 偶じゃありません	たまではありません たまじゃありません	tama de wa arimasen tama ja arimasen
Formal past	偶でした	たまでした	tama deshita
Formal negative past	偶ではありませんでした 偶じゃありませんでした	たまではありませんでした たまじゃありませんでした	tama de wa arimasen deshita tama ja arimasen deshita
Conjunctive	偶で	たまで	tama de
Conditional	偶なら（ば）	たまなら（ば）	tama nara (ba)
Provisional	偶だったら	たまだったら	tama dattara
Volitional	偶だろう	たまだろう	tama darō
Adverbial	偶に	たまに	tama ni
Degree	偶さ	たまさ	tamasa

Noun

偶(たま) • (tama) 

1. rarity

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
偶
たまたま Grade: S
kun'yomi

Alternative forms

• 偶偶, 偶々
• 適

Adverb

偶(たまたま) • (tamatama) 

1. unexpectedly, by chance; luckily

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Korean

Hanja

偶 (eum 우 (u))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

偶: Hán Nôm readings: ngẫu, ngẩu, ngậu

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.