器
Template:character info/new Template:character info/new
Translingual
Stroke order | |||
---|---|---|---|
Japanese | 器 |
---|---|
Simplified | 器 |
Traditional | 器 |
Alternative forms
- In all regions except Japan, the middle component is written 犬, which is the orthodox form found in the Kangxi dictionary.
- In Japanese shinjitai, the middle component is written 大 instead of 犬 (the upper right dot is missing). Due to Han unification, both forms are encoded using the same code point. This character may appear to be different depending on the font used.
- A CJK compatibility ideograph exists at
U+FA38
for the kyūjitai form of 器 which has 犬 as the middle component. - Another character, 𠾖 (
U+20F96
) exists for the historical form found in the Ming dynasty 《直音篇》 Chinese dictionary which is similar to Japanese shinjitai.
Han character
器 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+13 in Chinese and Korean, 口+12 in Japanese, 16 strokes in Chinese and Korean, 15 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 口口戈大口 (RRIKR), four-corner 66663, composition ⿱哭吅(GHTKV) or ⿳吅大吅(J))
Derived characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 210, character 2
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4349
- Dae Jaweon: page 432, character 26
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 690, character 7
- Unihan data for U+5668
Chinese
trad. | 器 | |
---|---|---|
simp. # | 器 | |
alternative forms |
Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 器 | |||
---|---|---|---|
Western Zhou | Spring and Autumn | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Bronze inscriptions | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Uncertain.
Possibly an ideogrammic compound (會意/会意) : a 犬 (“dog”) guarding four 口 (“vessel”) – containers, or a phonetically borrowed character for the modern meanings with the original meaning being “to bark” (Compare 狺).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): hei3
- Hakka
- Northern Min (KCR): ki̿
- Eastern Min (BUC): kí
- Southern Min
- Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): 5chi
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄑㄧˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cì
- Wade–Giles: chʻi4
- Yale: chì
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chih
- Palladius: ци (ci)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰi⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: hei3
- Yale: hei
- Cantonese Pinyin: hei3
- Guangdong Romanization: héi3
- Sinological IPA (key): /hei̯³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hi
- Hakka Romanization System: hi
- Hagfa Pinyim: hi4
- Sinological IPA: /hi⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ki̿
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰi³³/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: kí
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰɛi²¹³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- Wu
- Dialectal data
Variety | Location | 器 |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /t͡ɕʰi⁵¹/ |
Harbin | /t͡ɕʰi⁵³/ | |
Tianjin | /t͡ɕʰi⁵³/ | |
Jinan | /t͡ɕʰi²¹/ | |
Qingdao | /t͡ɕʰi⁴²/ | |
Zhengzhou | /t͡ɕʰi³¹²/ | |
Xi'an | /t͡ɕʰi⁴⁴/ | |
Xining | /t͡ɕʰji²¹³/ | |
Yinchuan | /t͡ɕʰi¹³/ | |
Lanzhou | /t͡ɕʰi¹³/ | |
Ürümqi | /t͡ɕʰi²¹³/ | |
Wuhan | /t͡ɕʰi³⁵/ | |
Chengdu | /t͡ɕʰi¹³/ | |
Guiyang | /t͡ɕʰi²¹³/ | |
Kunming | /t͡ɕʰi²¹²/ | |
Nanjing | /t͡ɕʰi⁴⁴/ | |
Hefei | /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡ɕʰi⁴⁵/ |
Pingyao | /t͡ɕʰi³⁵/ | |
Hohhot | /t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /t͡ɕʰi³⁵/ |
Suzhou | /t͡ɕʰi⁵¹³/ | |
Hangzhou | /t͡ɕʰi⁴⁴⁵/ | |
Wenzhou | /t͡sʰz̩⁴²/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /t͡ɕʰi³²⁴/ |
Tunxi | /t͡ɕʰi⁴²/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/ |
Xiangtan | /t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /t͡ɕʰi²¹³/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /hi⁵³/ |
Taoyuan | /hi⁵⁵/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /hei³³/ |
Nanning | /hi³³/ | |
Hong Kong | /hei³³/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /kʰi²¹/ |
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /kʰɛi²¹²/ | |
Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /kʰi³³/ | |
Shantou (Teochew) | /kʰi²¹³/ | |
Haikou (Hainanese) | /xi³⁵/ /xui³⁵/ |
- Middle Chinese: khijH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[kʰ]r[ə][t]-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*kʰrɯds/
Definitions
- device; tool; utensil; ware
- 器具 ― qìjù ― utensil
- (medicine, biology) organ
- 器官 ― qìguān ― organ
- capacity; tolerance
- 器量 ― qìliàng ― tolerance
- talent; ability
- 大器晚成 ― dàqìwǎnchéng ― [idiom] A great talent takes time to mature.
- (literary, or in compounds) to think highly of
- 器重 ― qìzhòng ― to regard highly
Synonyms
- (device):
- (organ): 器官 (qìguān)
- (to think highly of):
Compounds
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Descendants
References
- Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A00696
- “器”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
器 | |
Kanji
(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 器)
Readings
Etymology 1
Kanji in this term |
---|
器 |
き Grade: 4 |
on’yomi |
Alternative spelling |
---|
器 (kyūjitai) |
From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Middle Chinese 器 (khijH, “vessel; instrument”).
Pronunciation
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- When used as a suffix, the resulting term has a downstep either right before, or one mora before, the ki.
- If the preceding syllable has only one mora (as in ga or tsu), the downstep occurs just after that mora:
- If the preceding syllable has two morae (as in zen or tei), the downstep occurs between the two morae:
Affix
Usage notes
Often used interchangeably with 機 (ki) in compounds to indicate “machine”, with the subtlety that 器 implies a smaller device, perhaps hand-held, while 機 implies a larger machine, such as an airplane. Compare 食器 (shokki, “tableware”) and 飛行機 (hikōki, “airplane”), or homophones 機械 (kikai, “machine”, generally larger) and 器械 (kikai, “machine, tool”, generally smaller).
Derived terms
Suffix
Usage notes
Can attach to various nouns that can be used as verbs, to indicate a device for carrying out the action. Examples:
- 計量 (keiryō, “measurement, measuring, gauging”) + 器 (-ki) = 計量器 (keiryōki, “a measuring device, a gauge”)
- 尿 (nyō, “urine”) + 器 (-ki) = 尿器 (nyōki, “urinal”)
- 印字 (inji, “print, type”, literally “stamp + character”) + 器 (-ki) = 印字器 (injiki, “a printer”, a smaller device, such as a handheld number and letter puncher)
Derived terms
Etymology 2
Kanji in this term |
---|
器 |
うつわ Grade: 4 |
kun’yomi |
Alternative spelling |
---|
器 (kyūjitai) |
/ut͡supa/ → /ut͡suɸa/ → /ut͡suwa/
From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old Japanese.[1] Cognate with 空 (utsuo, ancient utsupo, utsubo), signifying a hollowness. Appears to be a compound of 空, 内 (utsu, “hollow”, combining form, standalone form uchi, “inside”) + は (ha). The derivation of this ha element is unclear.
Pronunciation
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Noun
- container, vessel
- a tool, a utensil
- one's degree of ability: talent, calibre
- female genitalia: a vagina
Derived terms
- 器物 (utsuwamono): a container; ability, talent; a musical instrument
Synonyms
References
- ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
Korean
Hanja
器 • (gi) (hangeul 기, McCune–Reischauer ki)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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.
Vietnamese
Han character
(deprecated template usage) 器 (khí)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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.
References
- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual symbols
- Han script characters
- Han ideogrammic compounds
- Mandarin terms with audio links
- Middle Chinese lemmas
- Old Chinese lemmas
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Northern Min lemmas
- Eastern Min lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Teochew lemmas
- Wu lemmas
- Chinese nouns
- Mandarin nouns
- Cantonese nouns
- Hakka nouns
- Northern Min nouns
- Eastern Min nouns
- Hokkien nouns
- Teochew nouns
- Wu nouns
- Chinese verbs
- Mandarin verbs
- Cantonese verbs
- Hakka verbs
- Northern Min verbs
- Eastern Min verbs
- Hokkien verbs
- Teochew verbs
- Wu verbs
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese Han characters
- Mandarin terms with usage examples
- zh:Medicine
- zh:Biology
- Chinese literary terms
- Advanced Mandarin
- Japanese Han characters
- Grade 4 kanji
- Japanese kanji with goon reading き
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading き
- Japanese kanji with kun reading うつわ
- Japanese terms spelled with 器 read as き
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese affixes
- Japanese terms with multiple readings
- Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji
- Japanese terms written with one Han script character
- Japanese terms spelled with 器
- Japanese single-kanji terms
- Japanese suffixes
- Japanese terms spelled with 器 read as うつわ
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese
- Japanese nouns
- Korean lemmas
- Korean Han characters
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese Han characters