坑

坑 U+5751, 坑 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5751 ← 坐 [U+5750] CJK Unified Ideographs 坒 → [U+5752]

See also: 阬

Translingual

Han character

坑 (radical 32 土+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 土卜竹弓 (GYHN), four-corner 4011₇, composition ⿰土亢)

1. pit, hole
2. bury, trap
3. harry

References

• KangXi: page 226, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4932
• Dae Jaweon: page 460, character 8
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 426, character 9
• Unihan data for U+5751

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		坑
alt. forms		阬

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): kēng (keng¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄎㄥ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): haang¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): hâng
• Min Nan (POJ): kheng / khiⁿ / kheⁿ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: kēng
    • Zhuyin: ㄎㄥ
    • Wade-Giles: k'êng¹
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: keng
    • IPA ^(key): /kʰɤŋ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: haang¹
    • Yale: hāang
    • Cantonese Pinyin: haang¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: hang¹
    • IPA ^(key): /hɑːŋ⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hâng
    • Hakka Romanization System: hang´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: hang¹
    • IPA: /haŋ²⁴/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kheng
    • Tâi-lô: khing
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qefng
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kʰiɪŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰiɪŋ³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰiɪŋ⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, mainstream Taiwanese, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khiⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: khinn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qvy
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰĩ³³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kʰĩ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰĩ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kʰĩ⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kheⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: khenn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qvef
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰẽ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰɛ̃⁴⁴/

Note:

• kheng - literary;
• khiⁿ/kheⁿ - vernacular.

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• Dialectal data▼

Variety	Location	edit 坑
Mandarin	Beijing	/kʰəŋ⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/kʰəŋ⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/kʰəŋ²¹/
	Jinan	/kʰəŋ²¹³/
	Qingdao	/kʰəŋ²¹³/
	Zhengzhou	/kʰəŋ²⁴/
	Xi'an	/kʰəŋ²¹/
	Xining	/kʰə̃⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/kʰəŋ⁴⁴/
	Lanzhou	/kʰə̃n³¹/
	Ürümqi	/kʰɤŋ⁴⁴/
	Wuhan	/kʰən⁵⁵/
	Chengdu	/kʰən⁵⁵/
	Guiyang	/kʰen⁵⁵/
	Kunming	/kʰə̃/
	Nanjing	/kʰən³¹/
	Hefei	/kʰən²¹/
Jin	Taiyuan	/kʰəŋ¹¹/
	Pingyao	/kʰəŋ¹³/
	Hohhot	/kʰə̃ŋ³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/kʰɑ̃³⁵/
	Suzhou	/kʰã⁵⁵/
	Hangzhou	/kʰen³³/
	Wenzhou	/kʰiɛ³³/
Hui	Shexian	/kʰʌ̃³¹/ /kʰɛ³¹/
	Tunxi	/kʰɛ¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/kʰən³³/
	Xiangtan	/kʰən³³/
Gan	Nanchang	/kʰɑŋ⁴²/
Hakka	Meixian	/haŋ⁴⁴/
	Taoyuan	/hɑŋ²⁴/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/haŋ⁵³/
	Nanning	/haŋ⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/haŋ⁵⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/kʰiŋ⁵⁵/ /kʰĩ⁵⁵/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/kʰaŋ⁴⁴/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/kʰaŋ⁵⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/kʰẽ³³/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/xaŋ³⁵/ /xaŋ³¹/ 俗

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• Middle Chinese: /kʰˠæŋ/▼

Rime
Character	坑
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	庚 (109)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	客庚切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰˠæŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰᵚaŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰaŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰaɨjŋ/
Li Rong	/kʰɐŋ/
Wang Li	/kʰɐŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/kʰɐŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	kēng

• Old Chinese▼

  (Zhengzhang): /*kʰraːŋ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	坑
Reading #	1/1
No.	7399
Phonetic component	亢
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	阬
Old Chinese	/*kʰraːŋ/
Notes	同阬見莊子

Definitions

坑

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

• 坑井
• 坑人
• 坑坑坎坎
• 坑子
• 坑害 (kēnghài)

• 坑木 (kēngmù)
• 坑洼
• 坑蒙
• 坑蒙拐騙／坑蒙拐骗
• 坑道 (kēngdào)

• 坑騙／坑骗
• 屎坑
• 陷坑 (xiànkēng)
• 饢坑／馕坑 (nángkēng)

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Japanese

Kanji

坑

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings

• Goon: きょう (kyō)^{←きやう (kyau, historical)}
• Kan’on: こう (kō, Jōyō)^{←かう (kau, historical)}
• Kun: あな (ana, 坑)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
坑
こう Grade: S
on’yomi

Noun

坑 (hiragana こう, rōmaji kō)

1. pit, usually of a mine

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Korean

Hanja

坑 • (gaeng) (hangeul 갱, revised gaeng, McCune-Reischauer kaeng)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

坑 (khanh, ganh)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.