寺

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

寺 (Kangxi radical 41, 寸+3, 6 strokes, cangjie input 土木戈 (GDI), four-corner 4034₁, composition ⿱土寸(GJKV) or ⿱士寸(HT))

Derived characters

• 侍, 𠱾, 𭎒, 峙, 待, 持, 洔, 時(时), 㭙, 𭷅, 特, 畤, 𪿚, 秲, 𥹩, 𫊵, 𧠴, 詩(诗), 䝰, 跱, 𩶬, 𪀔, 鼭, 𪗺, 邿, 𪰛, 𪧸, 庤, 痔, 㫭, 等, 䦙

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 293, character 33
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7414
• Dae Jaweon: page 581, character 8
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 503, character 11
• Unihan data for U+5BFA

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Chinese

trad.		寺
simp. #		寺

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 寺
Western Zhou	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (寺) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
等	*tɯːʔ, *tɯːŋʔ
待	*dɯːʔ
寺	*ljɯs
持	*l'ɯ
峙	*dɯʔ
痔	*dɯʔ
跱	*dɯʔ
歭	*dɯʔ
洔	*dɯʔ, *tjɯʔ
畤	*dɯʔ, *tjɯʔ, *djɯʔ
秲	*dɯʔ, *djɯs
庤	*dɯʔ
時	*djɯ
鰣	*djɯ
塒	*djɯ
蒔	*djɯ, *djɯs
榯	*djɯ
恃	*djɯʔ
侍	*djɯs
詩	*hljɯ
邿	*hljɯ
特	*dɯːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ljɯs) : phonetic 止 (OC *kjɯʔ) + semantic 又 (“hand”) – to grasp, to hold. Phonetic 止 (之) became 土 in Clerical Script and semantic 又 become 寸 in Small Seal Script.

The derivative 持 refers to the original word.

Pronunciation 1

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 寺

1. temple; monastery; (Dungan) mosque
2. government court; office (Used before Han dynasty)

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): shì (shi⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄕˋ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: shì
    • Zhuyin: ㄕˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: shìh
    • Wade–Giles: shih⁴
    • Yale: shr̀
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyh
    • Palladius: ши (ši)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 寺

1. archaic form of 近侍 referring to eunuchs

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Japanese

Kanji

寺

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: じ (ji, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: し (shi)
• Kun: てら (tera, 寺, Jōyō)

Compounds

Compounds

• 誕(たん)生(じょう)寺(じ) (Tanjō-ji): Tanjō-ji, Tanjō Temple: any of various Buddhist temples or places in Japan
• 寺(じ)域(いき) (jīki): the grounds of a temple
• 寺(じ)印(いん) (jīn): the official stamp or seal of a Buddhist temple
• 寺(じ)院(いん) (jīn): a Buddhist temple
• 寺(じ)社(しゃ) (jisha): temples and shrines

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
寺
てら Grade: 2
kun'yomi

From Old Japanese. Found in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 CE.

There are various theories regarding the ultimate derivation.

• Some sources derive Japanese tera from Middle Korean 졀 (jeol). This is from earlier 뎔 (dyeol, “temple”) and is the nativised reading of 찰 (刹, chal, “Buddhist temple”) below, deriving in turn from Middle Chinese 剎 (MC tsrhaet), shortened from 剎多羅 (MC tsrhaet ta la, “Buddhist monastery, temple or shrine”), borrowed from Sanskrit क्षेत्र (kṣetra, “land, area, domain”).
• Other sources describe Japanese tera as cognate with modern Korean 찰 (刹, chal, “temple”), appearing as a component in terms such as 선찰 (禪刹, seonchal, “Zen temple”), 사찰 (寺刹, sachal, “Buddhist temple”).
• Another derivation is given as Pali thera (“elders”) in reference to the monks.

Considering the phonetic development in Korean, the avenues for transmission of Buddhist terms to Japan, and the consistent temple sense of the Japanese term throughout recorded history, the now-obsolete Korean 뎔 (dyeol, “temple”) may be a more likely source than Pali thera (“elders”).

Noun

寺(てら) • (tera)  (counter 軒)

1. (chiefly Buddhist) a temple

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
寺
じ Grade: 2
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 寺 (MC ziH).

Pronunciation

• The pitch accent depends on the suffixed term.

Suffix

寺(じ) • (-ji) 

1. (chiefly Buddhist) a temple

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Korean

Hanja

寺 • (sa, si) (hangeul 사, 시)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

• 寺刹 (사찰, sachal)

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 寺 (tự, chùa)

1. Buddhist monastery