肛

Translingual

Han character

肛 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+3, 7 strokes, cangjie input 月一 (BM) or 難月一 (XBM), four-corner 7121₀, composition ⿰月工(GJKV) or ⿰⺼工(HT))

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 974, character 7
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29271
• Dae Jaweon: page 1425, character 29
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2044, character 7
• Unihan data for U+809B

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Chinese

trad.		肛
simp. #		肛

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (工) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
缸	*kroːŋ, *ɡroːŋ
篢	*kluːmʔ, *koːŋ
贑	*kluːmʔ
涳	*ŋr'oːŋ, *kʰroːŋ, *kʰoːŋ
江	*kroːŋ
肛	*kroːŋ, *qʰroːŋ
扛	*kroːŋ
杠	*kroːŋ
豇	*kroːŋ
茳	*kroːŋ
釭	*kroːŋ, *koːŋ, *kuːŋ
矼	*kroːŋ
玒	*kroːŋ, *koːŋ
虹	*kroːŋs, *koːŋs, *ɡoːŋ
腔	*kʰroːŋ
崆	*kʰroːŋ, *kʰoːŋ
羫	*kʰroːŋ
控	*kʰroːŋ, *kʰoːŋs
椌	*kʰroːŋ, *kʰoːŋ
悾	*kʰroːŋ, *kʰoːŋ, *kʰoːŋs
跫	*kʰroːŋ, *kʰoŋ, *ɡoŋ
啌	*qʰroːŋ
谾	*qʰroːŋ, *qʰoːŋ
舡	*qʰroːŋ
缻	*ɡroːŋ
項	*ɡroːŋʔ
屸	*ɡ·roːŋ
功	*koːŋ
工	*koːŋ
疘	*koːŋ
魟	*koːŋ, *qʰoːŋ, *ɡoːŋ
攻	*koːŋ, *kuːŋ
愩	*koːŋ
碽	*koːŋ
貢	*koːŋs
羾	*koːŋs
空	*kʰoːŋ, *kʰoːŋs
箜	*kʰoːŋ
硿	*kʰoːŋ
埪	*kʰoːŋ
鵼	*kʰoːŋ
倥	*kʰoːŋ, *kʰoːŋʔ, *kʰoːŋs
鞚	*kʰoːŋs
叿	*qʰoːŋ
嗊	*qʰoːŋʔ
訌	*ɡoːŋ
紅	*ɡoːŋ
仜	*ɡoːŋ
葒	*ɡoːŋ
渱	*ɡoːŋ
鴻	*ɡoːŋ, *ɡoːŋʔ
汞	*ɡoːŋʔ
澒	*ɡoːŋʔ
鞏	*koŋʔ
巩	*koŋʔ
銎	*kʰoŋ, *qʰoŋ
恐	*kʰoŋʔ, *kʰoŋs
蛩	*ɡoŋ
筇	*ɡoŋ
桏	*ɡoŋ
邛	*ɡoŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kroːŋ, *qʰroːŋ) : semantic 肉 (“flesh; body”) + phonetic 工 (OC *koːŋ).

Etymology 1

Unclear. A relatively late word, not attested until the Middle Chinese period.

Schuessler (2007) suggests that it may be related to Tibetan གཞང (gzhang, “anus”), but the vowels pose a problem in phonological correspondence (STEDT).

It may be in the same family as 空 (OC *kʰoːŋ, *kʰoːŋs, “empty; hollow”) and 孔 (OC *kʰloːŋʔ, “hole”), which both are derived from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *(g/k)uŋ (“hole; orifice”), but STEDT suggests that Proto-Sino-Tibetan *k(w)a(ŋ/k) (“waist; hips; buttocks; tail; back”) may be a better etymon.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): gāng (gang¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄤ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gong¹
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kong / kang / kàng / kāng

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: gāng
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄤ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: gang
    • Wade–Giles: kang¹
    • Yale: gāng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gang
    • Palladius: ган (gan)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɑŋ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: gong¹
    • Yale: gōng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gong¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: gong¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɔːŋ⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kong
    • Tâi-lô: kong
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kofng
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kɔŋ³³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kɔŋ⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kang
    • Tâi-lô: kang
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kafng
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kaŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kaŋ³³/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kàng
    • Tâi-lô: kàng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kaxng
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kaŋ²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kaŋ⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kāng
    • Tâi-lô: kāng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kang
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kaŋ³³/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 肛

1. anus
2. (neologism, slang) to have anal sex

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): gāng (gang¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄤ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: gāng
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄤ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: gang
    • Wade–Giles: kang¹
    • Yale: gāng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gang
    • Palladius: ган (gan)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɑŋ⁵⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: kaewng, xaewng

Rime
Character	肛	肛
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	江 (9)	江 (9)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	II	II
Fanqie	古雙切	許江切
Baxter	kaewng	xaewng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠʌŋ/	/hˠʌŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/kᵚɔŋ/	/hᵚɔŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/kɔŋ/	/xɔŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kaɨwŋ/	/haɨwŋ/
Li Rong	/kɔŋ/	/xɔŋ/
Wang Li	/kɔŋ/	/xɔŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/kɔŋ/	/xɔŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jiāng	xiāng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gong1	hong1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*kroːŋ/, /*qʰroːŋ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	肛	肛
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	3996	4013
Phonetic component	工	工
Rime group	東	東
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	江	肛
Old Chinese	/*kroːŋ/	/*qʰroːŋ/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 肛

1. ^‡ to be swollen

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Japanese

Kanji

肛

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

Definitions

1. Anal

Readings

• Go-on: こう (kō)
• Kan-on: こう (kō)
• Kun: はれる (hareru, 肛れる)

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Korean

Hanja

肛 • (hang) (hangeul 항, revised hang, McCune–Reischauer hang, Yale hang)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 肛 (giang, dom)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.