震

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See also: ☳
震 U+9707, 震
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9707
← 霆
[U+9706] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 霈 →
[U+9708]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

震 (Kangxi radical 173, 雨+7, 15 strokes, cangjie input 一月一一女 (MBMMV), four-corner 10232, composition ⿱⻗辰)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 1374, character 21
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42300
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1883, character 25
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4064, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+9707

Chinese[edit]

trad. 震
simp. # 震

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (辰) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
辴 *tʰɯl, *tʰɯnʔ, *tʰɯn
屒 *tɯnʔ, *djɯn
振 *tjɯn, *tjɯns
侲 *tjɯn, *tjɯn
桭 *tjɯn, *djɯn
唇 *tjɯn, *ɦljun
帪 *tjɯn
賑 *tjɯnʔ, *tjɯns
裖 *tjɯnʔ
敐 *tjɯnʔ, *djɯn
震 *tjɯn
娠 *tjɯns, *hljɯn
蜃 *djɯns, *djɯnʔ, *djins
辰 *djɯn
晨 *djɯn, *ɦljɯn
宸 *djɯn
鷐 *djɯn
麎 *djɯn
祳 *djɯnʔ
脤 *djɯnʔ
鋠 *djɯnʔ
磭 *ŋrɯnʔ, *ŋ̊ʰjaɡ, *ŋaɡ
陙 *djun
脣 *ɦljun
漘 *ɦljun

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *tjɯn): semantic 雨 + phonetic 辰 (OC *djɯn).

Etymology[edit]

Related to 振 (OC *tjɯns, “to shake”), probably from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *dar ~ d(u/i)r (“to tremble; to shiver”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation 1[edit]

Note:
  • zen3 - literary;
  • ten3 - vernacular (“to shake”).
  • Cantonese
  • Gan
  • Hakka
  • Jin
  • Min Bei
  • Min Dong
  • Min Nan
    • Note:
    • zing2 - literary;
    • dung3 - vernacular (“to shake”).
  • Wu
  • Xiang
    • (Changsha)
      • Wiktionary: zhen4 / ten3
      • Sinological IPA (key) (old-style): /ʈ͡ʂən⁴⁵/, /tʰən⁴¹/
      • Sinological IPA (key) (new-style): /t͡sən⁴⁵/, /tʰən⁴¹/
    • Note:
    • zhen4 - literary;
    • ten3 - vernacular (“to shake”).
    Rime
    Character 震
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 章 (23)
    Final (韻) 眞 (43)
    Tone (調) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 章刃切
    Baxter tsyinH
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/t͡ɕiɪnH/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/t͡ɕinH/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/t͡ɕjenH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/cinH/
    Li
    Rong         		/t͡ɕiĕnH/
    Wang
    Li         		/t͡ɕĭĕnH/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/t͡ɕi̯ĕnH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		zhèn
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		zan3
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 震
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		zhèn
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ tsyinH ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*tər-s/
    English clap of thunder

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 震
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 1367
    Phonetic
    component         		辰
    Rime
    group         		文
    Rime
    subdivision         		1
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		震
    Old
    Chinese         		/*tjɯn/

    Definitions[edit]

    震

    1. † thunder
    2. † (of lightning) to strike
    3. to tremble; to shake; to jolt; to quake
    4. (literary, or in compounds) earthquake
    5. (literary, or in compounds) † to be excited; to be aroused; to be shocked
    6. † to stir; to invigorate
    7. † power; prestige; dignity
    8. † to fear; to tremble
    9. † the east
    10. 4th of the 8 trigrams
    11. 51st hexagram of the I Ching
    12. (～國) (historical) Jin; Zhen (original name of the Balhae state)
    13. a surname
    Synonyms[edit]
    Dialectal synonyms of 地震 (“(to have an) earthquake”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 地震
    Mandarin Beijing 地震, 地動, 鰲魚眨眼兒, 鰲魚翻身
    Taiwan 地震, 地牛翻身
    Tianjin 地震
    Tangshan 地震, 鰲魚翻身
    Cangzhou 地震
    Baoding 地震, 地動
    Shijiazhuang 地震, 地動
    Chifeng 地震, 地動
    Hulunbuir (Hailar) 地震
    Harbin 地震
    Shenyang 地震, 老鱉翻身
    Qingdao 地震
    Jinan 地震, 地動
    Luoyang 地動
    Wanrong 地動
    Zhengzhou 地動
    Xi'an 地震, 地動
    Yinchuan 地震
    Lanzhou 地震, 地動
    Xining 地震, 地牛搖頭
    Ürümqi 地動
    Wuhan 地震, 鰲魚翻身
    Chengdu 地震, 地動
    Guiyang 地震, 地動
    Kunming 地震, 鱷魚翻身
    Guilin 地震
    Liuzhou 地震
    Xuzhou 地震, 地動
    Yangzhou 地震, 鰲魚翻身
    Nanjing 地震, 地動, 鰲魚眨眼睛
    Hefei 地震
    Nantong 地震, 地動
    Qimen (Anling Junhua) 鰲魚翻身
    Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan) 地動
    Kokang 地動, 鰲魚翻身
    Mae Salong (Lancang) 地震, 地動
    Mae Sai (Tengchong) 地震
    Cantonese Guangzhou 地震
    Hong Kong 地震
    Taishan 地震, 地牛躝側
    Yangjiang 地震
    Gan Nanchang 地震
    Pingxiang 地震, 孽龍轉身
    Hakka Meixian 地震, 天地轉側
    Wuhua (Shuizhai) 地震
    Wuhua (Huacheng) 地轉側
    Wuhua (Changbu) 地震, 地轉側
    Wuhua (Mianyang) 地震
    Jiexi 地牛轉肩
    Luhe 地牛轉肩
    Changting 鰲魚翻身
    Yongding 地轉側
    Yongding (Xiayang) 地動
    Yongding (Gaobei) 地震
    Yongding (Hukeng) 地震
    Liancheng (Peitian) 鰲魚轉側, 地震
    Liancheng (Juxi) 地震
    Liancheng (Zhongbao) 地震
    Liancheng (Laiyuan) 地震, 地動
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 地動, 地牛翻身, 地牛轉肩
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 地動
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 地動, 地牛翻身, 地牛轉肩
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 地動
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 地動
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 地動
    Nantou (Guoxing; Lufeng) 地動
    Bobai (Longtan) 地震
    Pontianak (Meixian) 地動
    Bangkok (Meixian) 天轉側
    Bangkok (Fengshun) 地牛轉肩
    Huizhou Shexian 地震
    Qimen (Anling Minhua) 鰲魚翻身, 地震
    Jin Taiyuan 地震, 地動
    Xinzhou 地動
    Linhe 地震, 地動
    Jining 地搖
    Hohhot 地震, 地動
    Zhangjiakou 地震
    Handan 地震, 地動
    Min Bei Jian'ou 地震, 地牛反肩
    Min Dong Fuzhou 地震, 地牛轉肩
    Gutian 地震, 地牛車轉身 dated
    Min Nan Xiamen 地動
    Xiamen (Tong'an) 地動
    Quanzhou 地動, 地牛翻身
    Zhangzhou 地動, 地牛翻身
    Zhangzhou (Longhai) 地動
    Zhangpu 地動
    Dongshan 地牛過肩, 地顫 rural
    Taipei 地動
    New Taipei (Sanxia) 地牛翻身, 地動
    Kaohsiung 地動, 塗牛翻身
    Yilan 地牛翻身, 地動
    Changhua (Lukang) 地動
    Taichung 地動, 地牛翻身
    Tainan 地動, 塗牛翻身
    Hsinchu 地動, 地牛翻身
    Kinmen 地動, 地牛翻身
    Penghu (Magong) 地動, 地牛翻身
    Penang (Hokkien) 地動, 地顫
    Manila (Hokkien) 地動
    Chaozhou 地震
    Shantou 地震
    Jieyang 地牛換肩
    Haifeng 地牛翻身
    Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 地震
    Wu Shanghai 地震, 地動
    Suzhou 地震
    Wuxi 地震, 天搖地動
    Wenzhou 地震, 地藏王轉肩
    Xiang Changsha 地震
    Shuangfeng 地震
    • (to be excited):

    Compounds[edit]

    Pronunciation 2[edit]

    Definitions[edit]

    震

    1. Alternative form of 娠 (shēn, “to be pregnant”)

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    震

    (common “Jōyō” kanji)

    1. to quake
    2. to tremble

    Readings[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    震 • (jin) (hangeul 진, revised jin, McCune–Reischauer chin, Yale cin)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    震: Hán Nôm readings: chấn, dấn

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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