判

Definition from Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to navigation Jump to search
See also: 刊
判 U+5224, 判
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5224
← 刣
[U+5223] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 別 →
[U+5225]

Translingual[edit]

Traditional 判
Simplified 判
Japanese 判
Korean 判

Han character[edit]

判 (Kangxi radical 18, 刀+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 火手中弓 (FQLN), four-corner 92500, composition ⿰半刂)

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 138, character 11
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1923
  • Dae Jaweon: page 311, character 12
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 331, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+5224

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 判

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (半) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
半 *paːns
絆 *paːns
靽 *paːns
姅 *paːns, *pʰaːns
拌 *pʰaːn, *baːnʔ
拚 *pʰaːn, *brons, *pʰaːn, *puns
坢 *pʰaːnʔ
判 *pʰaːns
泮 *pʰaːns
頖 *pʰaːns
胖 *pʰaːns
冸 *pʰaːns
牉 *pʰaːns
柈 *baːn
伴 *baːnʔ, *baːns
叛 *baːns
畔 *baːns
袢 *ban

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *pʰaːns): phonetic 半 (OC *paːns, “half (cow)”) + semantic 刂 (“knife”) – to cut fine distinctions 刀 (to judge, to discriminate). Phonetic (半) is also a cow cut in half, hence “divide a cow”.

Pronunciation[edit]

Note: pong3 - used in 判官.
Note:
  • phoàn/phàn - literary;
  • phòaⁿ - vernacular.
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: puang3 / puêng3 / puan3
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: phuàng / phuèng / phuàⁿ
    • Sinological IPA (key): /pʰuaŋ²¹³/, /pʰueŋ²¹³/, /pʰũã²¹³/
Note:
  • puang3/puêng3 - literary (puêng3 - Chaozhou);
  • puan3 - vernacular.
  • Wu
  • Xiang
    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location 判
    Mandarin Beijing /pʰan⁵¹/
    Harbin /pʰan⁵³/
    Tianjin /pʰan⁵³/
    Jinan /pʰã²¹/
    Qingdao /pʰã⁴²/
    Zhengzhou /pʰan³¹²/
    Xi'an /pʰã⁴⁴/
    Xining /pʰã²¹³/
    Yinchuan /pʰan¹³/
    Lanzhou /pʰɛ̃n¹³/
    Ürümqi /pʰan²¹³/
    Wuhan /pʰan³⁵/
    Chengdu /pʰan¹³/
    Guiyang /pʰan²¹³/
    Kunming /pʰã̠²¹²/
    Nanjing /pʰaŋ⁴⁴/
    Hefei /pʰʊ̃⁵³/
    Jin Taiyuan /pʰæ̃⁴⁵/
    Pingyao /pʰɑŋ³⁵/
    Hohhot /pʰæ̃⁵⁵/
    Wu Shanghai /pʰø³⁵/
    Suzhou /pʰø⁵¹³/
    Hangzhou /pʰuõ⁴⁴⁵/
    Wenzhou /pʰø⁴²/
    Hui Shexian /pʰo³²⁴/
    Tunxi /pʰuːə⁴²/
    Xiang Changsha /pʰõ⁵⁵/
    Xiangtan /pʰɔn⁵⁵/
    Gan Nanchang /pʰɵn²¹³/
    /pʰɔŋ²¹³/ ～官
    Hakka Meixian /pʰan⁵³/
    Taoyuan /pʰɑn⁵⁵/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /pʰun³³/
    Nanning /pʰun³³/
    Hong Kong /pʰun³³/
    Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /pʰan²¹/
    /pʰuã²¹/
    Fuzhou (Min Dong) /pʰuɑŋ²¹²/
    Jian'ou (Min Bei) /puiŋ³³/
    Shantou (Min Nan) /pʰuaŋ²¹³/
    /pʰuã²¹³/
    Haikou (Min Nan) /fuaŋ³⁵/
    Rime
    Character 判
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 滂 (2)
    Final (韻) 桓 (62)
    Tone (調) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Closed
    Division (等) I
    Fanqie 普半切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/pʰuɑnH/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/pʰʷɑnH/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/pʰuɑnH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/pʰwanH/
    Li
    Rong         		/pʰuɑnH/
    Wang
    Li         		/pʰuɑnH/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/pʰuɑnH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		pàn
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		pun3
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 判
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		pàn
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ phanH ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*pʰˁan-s/
    English divide

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 判
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 250
    Phonetic
    component         		半
    Rime
    group         		元
    Rime
    subdivision         		1
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		判
    Old
    Chinese         		/*pʰaːns/

    Definitions[edit]

    判

    1. to differentiate; to discriminate
    2. to judge
    3. to sentence
    4. obvious

    Compounds[edit]

    Derived terms from 判

    Japanese[edit]

    Shinjitai 判
    Kyūjitai
    [1]
    判󠄁
    判+&#xE0101;?
    (Adobe-Japan1)         		U5224-kyu.svg
    判󠄄
    判+&#xE0104;?
    (Hanyo-Denshi)
    (Moji_Joho)
    The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
    See here for details.

    Kanji[edit]

    判

    (grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    1. judgement
    2. seal, stamp

    Readings[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Etymology 1[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    判
    はん
    Grade: 5
    on’yomi

    From Middle Chinese 判 (phanH).

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    判(はん) • (han) 

    1. stamp, seal
    2. judgement

    Suffix[edit]

    判(はん) • (-han) 

    1. size of paper or books

    Etymology 2[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    判
    ばん
    Grade: 5
    kan’yōon

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Suffix[edit]

    判(ばん) • (-ban) 

    1. size of paper or books

    References[edit]

    1. ^ “判”, in 漢字ぺディア (Kanjipedia)‎[1] (in Japanese), 日本漢字能力検定協会, 2015—2023
    2. ^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    判 (eum 판 (pan))

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    判: Hán Nôm readings: phán

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
    Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=判&oldid=69366617"