東北

See also: 东北

Chinese

		east	north
trad. (東北)		東	北
simp. (东北)		东	北

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): dōngběi

  (Zhuyin): ㄉㄨㄥ ㄅㄟˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): dung¹ bak¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): tûng-pet
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): tang-pak

  (Teochew, Peng'im): dang¹ bag⁴

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: dōngběi
    • Zhuyin: ㄉㄨㄥ ㄅㄟˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: dongběi
    • Wade–Giles: tung¹-pei³
    • Yale: dūng-běi
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dongbeei
    • Palladius: дунбэй (dunbɛj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʊŋ⁵⁵ peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: dung¹ bak¹
    • Yale: dūng bāk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dung¹ bak⁷
    • Guangdong Romanization: dung¹ beg¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʊŋ⁵⁵ pɐk̚⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: tûng-pet
    • Hakka Romanization System: dung^ˊ bed^ˋ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: dung¹ bed⁵
    • Sinological IPA: /tuŋ²⁴ pet̚²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tang-pak
    • Tâi-lô: tang-pak
    • Phofsit Daibuun: dangpag
    • IPA (Xiamen): /taŋ⁴⁴⁻²² pak̚³²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /taŋ³³ pak̚⁵/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /taŋ⁴⁴⁻²² pak̚³²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ pak̚³²/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ pak̚³²/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: dang¹ bag⁴
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tang pak
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /taŋ³³⁻²³ pak̚²/

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• Middle Chinese: tuwng pok

Rime
Character	東	北
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	端 (5)	幫 (1)
Final (韻)	東 (1)	德 (131)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	德紅切	博墨切
Baxter	tuwng	pok
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tuŋ/	/pək̚/
Pan Wuyun	/tuŋ/	/pək̚/
Shao Rongfen	/tuŋ/	/pək̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/təwŋ/	/pək̚/
Li Rong	/tuŋ/	/pək̚/
Wang Li	/tuŋ/	/pək̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/tuŋ/	/pək̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	dōng	bo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	dung1	bak1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*tˤoŋ  pˤək/

  (Zhengzhang): /*toːŋ  pɯːɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	東	北
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	dōng	běi
Middle Chinese	‹ tuwng ›	‹ pok ›
Old Chinese	/*tˁoŋ/ (< *tˁoŋʔ ?)	/*pˁək/
English	east	north
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	東	北
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	2435	414
Phonetic component	東	北
Rime group	東	職
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	東	北
Old Chinese	/*toːŋ/	/*pɯːɡ/
Notes	種（種籽）初文，甲金文象種皮甲坼萌生根芽， 參敕字陳字注

Noun

(deprecated template usage) 東北

1. northeast

   • 艮，東北之卦也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     艮，东北之卦也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: I Ching, 11^th – 8^th century BCE

     Gèn, dōngběi zhī guà yě. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Coordinate terms

• (compass points) 方位;

西北 (xīběi)	北	東北／东北 (dōngběi)
西 (xī)		東／东 (dōng)
西南 (xīnán)	南	東南／东南 (dōngnán)

Proper noun

東北

1. (～地區) Northeast China (a region of China; consisting of Liaoning, Jilin and Heilongjiang, and sometimes the northeast part of Inner Mongolia)
2. (～大行政區, ～區) (historical) Northeast China (a former greater administrative region of China from 1949 to 1954, consisting of Liaodong, Liaoxi, Jilin, Heilongjiang, Songjiang, Rehe and Suiyuan, Shenyang, Lüda, Fushun, Anshan and Benxi)
3. (historical) Manchuria
4. (～地方) Tōhoku (a region of Japan)

Descendants

• → Korean: 둥베이 (dungbei)

See also

• 滿洲國／满洲国 (Mǎnzhōuguó)

(deprecated template usage)

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
東	北
とう Grade: 2	ほく Grade: 2
on'yomi

Noun

東(とう)北(ほく) • (tōhoku) 

1. northeast

Coordinate terms

• (compass points) 方角 (hōgaku);

北西 (hokusei) 西北 (seihoku)	北 (kita)	北東 (hokutō) 東北 (tōhoku)
西 (nishi)		東 (higashi)
西南 (seinan) 南西 (nansei)	南 (minami)	東南 (tōnan) 南東 (nantō)

Proper noun

東(とう)北(ほく) • (Tōhoku) 

1. the northeast region of Japan, specifically the northernmost six prefectures in Honshu (clockwise from the northermost): 青森県 (​Aomori-ken), 岩手県 (​Iwate-ken), 宮城県 (​Miyagi-ken), 福島県 (​Fukushima-ken), 山形県 (​Yamagata-ken), 秋田県 (​Akita-ken).

Synonyms

• 東(とう)北(ほく)地(ち)方(ほう) (Tōhoku chihō, “the Tōhoku region”)
• 奥(おう)羽(う) (Ōu)

See also

• 東北地方 on the Japanese Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^ja
• Tōhoku region on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

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Korean

Hanja in this term
東	北

Noun

東北 • (dongbuk) (hangeul 동북)

1. hanja form^? of 동북 (“northeast”)

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Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
東	北

Noun

東北

1. chữ Hán form of đông bắc (“northeast”).