bate

See also: Bate, baté, bâté, bâte, and bäte

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /beɪt/
• Rhymes: -eɪt
• Homophone: bait

Etymology 1

Aphetic from abate.

Verb

bate (third-person singular simple present bates, present participle bating, simple past and past participle bated)

1. (transitive) To reduce the force of something; to abate.
   • (Can we date this quote?) Dryden

     Abate thy speed, and I will bate of mine.

2. (transitive) To restrain, usually with the sense of being in anticipation
3. (transitive, sometimes figuratively) To cut off, remove, take away.
   • c. 1658, Dr. Henry More, Government of the Tongue:

     He will not bate an ace of absolute certainty.

   • (Can we date this quote?) Holland

     About autumn bate the earth from about the roots of olives, and lay them bare.

4. (archaic, transitive) To leave out, except, bar.
   • 1610, The Tempest, by Shakespeare, act 2, scene 1:

     (Sebastian) "Bate, I beseech you, widow Dido."

   • (Can we date this quote?) Beaumont and Fletcher

     Bate me the king, and, be he flesh and blood, / He lies that says it.

5. To waste away.
   • 1597, The First Part of King Henry the Fourth, by Shakespeare, act 3, scene 3:

     (Falstaff) "Bardolph, am I not fallen away vilely since this last action? do I not bate? do I not dwindle?"

6. To deprive of.
   • (Can we date this quote?) Herbert

     When baseness is exalted, do not bate / The place its honour for the person's sake.

7. To lessen by retrenching, deducting, or reducing; to abate; to beat down; to lower.
   • (Can we date this quote?) John Locke

     He must either bate the labourer's wages, or not employ or not pay him.

8. To allow by way of abatement or deduction.
   • (Can we date this quote?) South

     to whom he bates nothing or what he stood upon with the parliament

Translations

to reduce the force of something

• Bulgarian: намалявам (bg) (namaljavam), отслабвам (bg) (otslabvam), притъпявам (bg) (pritǎpjavam)

• Russian: убавля́ть (ru) n (ubavljátʹ), уменьша́ть (ru) n (umenʹšátʹ)

to restrain

to cut off, remove, take away

archaic: to leave out, except, bar

References

• 1897 Universal Dictionary of the English Language, Robert Hunter and Charles Morris (editors), volume 1, page 459.

Etymology 2

• Noun: From the verb, or directly from the noun debate.
• Verb: From Anglo-Saxon = contention. From Old French batre (French battre). From Late Latin batere.

Noun

bate (uncountable)

1. Strife; contention.
   • 1598, William Shakespeare, King Henry IV, Part 2:

     ... and wears his boots very smooth, like unto the sign of the leg, and breeds no bate with telling of discreet stories;

   • 1888, Sir Richard Burton, The Book of The Thousand Nights And A Night (Arabian Nights)

     So the strife redoubled and the weapons together clashed and ceased not bate and debate and naught was to be seen but blood flowing and necks bowing; […]

   • 1911, H.G. Wells, The New Machiavelli:

     The other merely needs jealousy and bate, of which there are great and easily accessible reservoirs in every human heart.

Translations

strife, contention

Verb

bate (third-person singular simple present bates, present participle bating, simple past and past participle bated)

1. (intransitive) To contend or strive with blows or arguments.
2. (intransitive, falconry) Of a falcon: To flap the wings vigorously; to bait.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Francis Bacon to this entry?)

Translations

to contend, strive with blows or arguments

in falconry of a falcon: to flap the wings vigorously

See also

• (to contend or strive with blows or arguments): bait.

Etymology 3

Borrowed from Swedish beta (“maceration, tanning”).

Noun

bate (plural bates)

1. An alkaline lye which neutralizes the effect of the previous application of lime, and makes hides supple in the process of tanning.
   • 1888, Popular Science (volume 34, number 10, page 287)

     The process of unliming hides and skins in tanning has been a slow and disgusting one, consisting in soaking the skins in a bath of manure in water, called bate.

2. A vat which contains this liquid.

Translations

an alkaline lye

a vat which contains this liquid

Verb

bate (third-person singular simple present bates, present participle bating, simple past and past participle bated)

1. (transitive) To soak leather so as to remove chemicals used in tanning; to steep in bate.

Translations

to soak leather

References

• 1897 Universal Dictionary of the English Language, Robert Hunter and Charles Morris (editors), volume 1, page 459.

Etymology 4

Formed by analogy with eat → ate, with which it shares an analogous past participle (eaten → beaten).

Verb

bate

1. (obsolete or nonstandard) simple past tense of beat; = beat.
   • 1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling. In Six Volumes, volume (please specify |volume=I to VI), London: Printed by A[ndrew] Millar, […], OCLC 928184292:

     Fitzpatrick, now perceiving […] that he had made a very unfortunate mistake, began to ask many pardons of the lady; and then, turning to Jones, he said, “I would have you take notice I do not ask your pardon, for you have bate me; for which I am resolved to have your blood in the morning.”

   • 2008 October 20th, Lee Aronsohn, David Goetsch, Steven Molaro, and Bill Prady, The Big Bang Theory (Chuck Lorre Productions, Warner Bros. Television; CBS), season 2, episode 5: “The Euclid Alternative”

     Leonard: Penny’s taking you to the DMV; I’m going to bed.
     Sheldon: Why Penny?
     Leonard: Because rock bate scissors. Goodnight.

Translations

simple past of beat — see beat

Etymology 5

Shortening of masturbate.

Verb

bate (third-person singular simple present bates, present participle bating, simple past and past participle bated)

1. (intransitive, slang) To masturbate.

Translations

masturbate — see masturbate

Anagrams

• Beta, abet, beat, beta

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Asturian

Noun

bate m (plural bates)

1. bat (club)

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Crow

Alternative forms

• boté / baté / badé

Noun

bate

1. male-bodied person who dresses and lives as a woman

See also

• two-spirit
• bacheé, bía

References

references

• Integration of Crow Indian Culture, in Cultural Anthropology, page 11: The aggressive vigor and virility of man, in the Crow view, stood in profound opposition to the passivity and weakness of woman. Young men who failed the test of the war raid had "nothing to say or do in any public business whatever" but had to endure biting obscenities which linked their personalities to the flaccid qualities of woman. The bate, male transvestites, were no exception. Bate were "crazy" people with whom one could have some fun, a sexual escapade perhaps, and they might be married because they excelled women in butchering, tanning, and other domestic tasks. But they never were honored, and when a bate raised a gun against the enemy, the Crow remembered it as a signal event.
• Sabine Lang, Men as Women, Women as Men →ISBN, 2010):
   Page 117: The attempt of an Indian agent on the Crow Reservation around the turn of the century to induce Osh-Tisch, one of the three surviving bate, to put on men's clothing was unsuccessful (Williams 1986b:179). The other Crows protested, "saying it was against his ^[sic] nature".
   Page 187: Apart from enduring relationships, intercourse with women has sometimes been represented as being possible for [...] the Crow bate.
• Walter L. Williams, The Spirit and the Flesh: Sexual Diversity in American Indian Culture:

  Joe Medicine Crow, an elder in the Baptist church on the Montana reservation of the Crows, is also keeper of the tribal history among traditionalists. He [....] explained the incident with the BIA agents: "One agent in the late 1890s was named Briskow [...] He tried to interfere with Osh-Tisch, who was the most respected bade. The agent incarcerated the bades, cut off their hair, made them wear men's clothing. He forced the to do manual labor, planting these trees that you see here on the BIA grounds. The people were so upset with this that Chief Pretty Eagle came into Crow Agency, and told Briskow to leave the reservation. It was a tragedy, trying to change them. Briskow was crazy." Considering how little power Indians had on their reservations at the beginning of the century, the strength of the Crows' protest, forcing the agent to resign, is remarkable.

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Dutch

Pronunciation

• Audio

  (file)

Verb

bate

1. (archaic) singular present subjunctive of baten

Noun

bate

1. (archaic) Dative singular form of baat

Anagrams

• beat

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Kitanemuk

Noun

bāte

1. water

References

• Kroeber, Shoshonean Dialects of California, in University of California Publications: American archaeology and ethnology, volume 4, page 81

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Latin

Noun

bate

1. vocative singular of batus

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Portuguese

Verb

bate

1. Third-person singular (ele, ela, also used with tu and você^?) present indicative of bater
2. Second-person singular (tu) affirmative imperative of bater

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Romanian

Etymology

From Late Latin battere, variant of Latin battuere, present active infinitive of battuō (“beat”).

Verb

a bate (third-person singular present bate, past participle bătut) 3rd conj.

1. to beat
2. to defeat
3. to strike, hit, punch

Conjugation

    conjugation of bate (third conjugation, past participle in -ut)

infinitive			a bate
gerund			bătând
past participle			bătut
number		singular			plural
person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		eu	tu	el/ea	noi	voi	ei/ele
	present	bat	bați	bate	batem	bateți	bat
	imperfect	băteam	băteai	bătea	băteam	băteați	băteau
	simple perfect	bătui	bătuși	bătu	băturăm	băturăți	bătură
	pluperfect	bătusem	bătuseși	bătuse	bătuserăm	bătuserăți	bătuseră
subjunctive		eu	tu	el/ea	noi	voi	ei/ele
	present	să bat	să bați	să bată	să batem	să bateți	să bată
imperative		—	tu	—	—	voi	—
	affirmative		bate			bateți
	negative		nu bate			nu bateți

Synonyms

• (defeat): învinge, înfrânge
• (hit): lovi

Derived terms

• batere
• bătut
• bătător
• bătătură

Related terms

• abate
• bătaie
• bătălie

• combate
• străbate
• zbate

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Serrano

Noun

bāte

1. water

References

• Kroeber, Shoshonean Dialects of California, in University of California Publications: American archaeology and ethnology, volume 4, page 81

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Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbate/, [ˈbat̪e]

Etymology 1

From English bat.

Noun

bate m (plural bates)

1. (sports) bat

Etymology 2

Noun

bate m (plural bates)

1. (Honduras, slang) reefer, joint (a marijuana cigarette).

Synonyms

• (joint): canuto m, carruco m (Honduras), leño m (Honduras), porro m, pito m (Chile)

Etymology 3

Verb

bate

1. Informal second-person singular (tú) affirmative imperative form of batir.
2. Formal second-person singular (usted) present indicative form of batir.
3. Third-person singular (él, ella, also used with usted^?) present indicative form of batir.

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Walloon

Etymology

From Old French batre, from Late Latin battō, battere, alternative form of Latin battuō, battuere (“beat, pound; fight”).

Verb

bate

1. (takes a reflexive pronoun) to fight