gel

See also: gél, Gel, GEL, and gęl

English

Etymology 1

(deprecated template usage)

Coined by Thomas Graham in the mid 19th century as a clipping of gelatin, from French gélatine, from Italian gelatina, diminutive form of gelata (“iced”), from Latin gelata, past participle of gelo (“to freeze”), from gelu (“frost”), from Proto-Indo-European *gel- (“cold”)

Pronunciation

• enPR: jĕl, IPA^(key): /dʒɛl/
• Rhymes: -ɛl
• Homophones: jel, jell

• Audio (US)

  (file)

Noun

gel (countable and uncountable, plural gels)

1. A semi-solid to almost solid colloid of a solid and a liquid, such as jelly, cheese or opal.
   • 2013 May-June, Charles T. Ambrose, “Alzheimer’s Disease”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 3, page 200:

     Similar studies of rats have employed four different intracranial resorbable, slow sustained release systems—surgical foam, a thermal gel depot, a microcapsule or biodegradable polymer beads.

2. Any gel intended for a particular cosmetic use, such as for styling the hair.

Derived terms

• aerogel
• hair gel
• hydrogel
• shaving gel
• shower gel
• silica gel
• xerogel

 

Translations

suspension of solid in liquid

• Albanian: xhel m
• Arabic: هُلَام m (hulām)
• Armenian: գել (hy) (gel)
• Azerbaijani: qel
• Belarusian: гель m (hjelʹ)
• Bulgarian: гел m (gel)
• Catalan: gel (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 凝膠／凝胶 (zh) (níngjiāo), 凝胶 (zh) (níngjiāo), 凍膠／冻胶 (zh) (dòngjiāo), 冻胶 (zh) (dòngjiāo), 啫哩 (zh) (zhělī)

• Czech: gel (cs) m
• Danish: gel
• Dutch: gel (nl) m or n, gelei (nl) f
• Estonian: geel (et)
• Finnish: geeli (fi), hyty, hyytelö (fi)
• French: gel (fr) m
• Galician: xel m
• Georgian: გელი (geli)
• German: Gel (de) n
• Greek: γέλη (el) f (géli), πήκτωμα n (píktoma)
• Hebrew: גֶ׳ל m (djel)
• Hindi: जेल (hi) m (jel)
• Hungarian: gél
• Icelandic: please add this translation if you can
• Ido: jelo (io)
• Indonesian: gel (id)
• Irish: glóthach m
• Italian: gel (it)
• Japanese: ゲル (ja) (geru), ジェル (jeru)
• Kazakh: гель (gel)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Khmer: please add this translation if you can
• Korean: 겔 (ko) (gel), 젤 (jel)
• Kyrgyz: гель (ky) (gel)
• Lao: please add this translation if you can
• Latvian: želeja f
• Lithuanian: gelis m
• Macedonian: гел m (gel)
• Mongolian: гель (gelʹ)
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: gel

• Persian: ژل (fa) (žel)
• Polish: żel (pl) m
• Portuguese: gel (pt) m
• Russian: гель (ru) m (gelʹ)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: ге̏л m

  Roman: gȅl (sh) m

• Slovak: gél m
• Slovene: gel m
• Spanish: gel (es)
• Swedish: gel (sv) c or n
• Tajik: гел (gel)
• Thai: เจล (jeen)
• Turkish: jel (tr)
• Ukrainian: гель (uk) m (helʹ)
• Urdu: جیل m (jel)
• Uzbek: gel (uz)
• Vietnamese: gien, keo (vi)
• Zazaki: jel

any gel for a particular cosmetic use

• Catalan: gel (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 凝膠／凝胶 (zh) (níngjiāo), 凝胶 (zh) (níngjiāo)

• Czech: gel (cs) m
• Dutch: gel (nl) m or n
• Finnish: geeli (fi)
• French: gel (fr) m
• Galician: xel m
• German: Gel (de) n
• Greek: ζελέ (el) n (zelé), τζελ (el) n (tzel)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Hebrew: ג'ל (he) m (djel), תקריש (he) m (takrísh)
• Hungarian: gél, zselé (hu)
• Japanese: ジェル (jeru), ジェル (jeru)
• Maori: pia
• Persian: ژل (fa) (žel)
• Polish: żel (pl) m
• Portuguese: gel (pt) m
• Russian: гель (ru) m (gelʹ)
• Tagalog: pamada
• Turkish: jel (tr), jöle (tr)

See also

For more information on classification of colloids, see Wikipedia article on colloids

Verb

1. (transitive) To apply (cosmetic) gel to (the hair, etc).
   • 2017 June 3, Daniel Taylor, “Real Madrid win Champions League as Cristiano Ronaldo double defeats Juv”, in The Guardian (London)‎^[1]:

     It ended, as it so often does, with that familiar smile. Cristiano Ronaldo – gelled hair, dazzling teeth, magic in his boots – will never forget the night he scored the 600th goal of an almost implausible career.

1. (intransitive) To become a gel.
2. (intransitive) To develop a rapport.

   He was a nice guy, and I got on OK with his friends, but the two of us never really gelled.

Translations

apply cosmetic gel

• Dutch: gellen
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Finnish: levittää geeliä

become gel

• Bulgarian: желирам (želiram)
• Catalan: gelificar (ca)
• Dutch: indikken (nl), geleren (nl)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Finnish: geeliytyä, hyytelöityä
• Irish: glóthaigh
• Spanish: gelificarse

develop a rapport

• Catalan: relacionar-se (ca)
• Spanish: relacionarse (es)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}

See also

• aerosol
• colloid
• emulsion
• foam
• sol

Etymology 2

Imitative of upper-class British pronunciation of girl.

Pronunciation

• enPR: gĕl, IPA^(key): /ɡɛl/

Noun

gel (plural gels)

1. (British) A girl.

Anagrams

• ELG, ElG, leg, leg.

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Catalan

Etymology

From , from Latin gelū, from Proto-Indo-European *gel- (“cold”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic) [ˈʒɛl]
• IPA^(key): (Valencian) [ˈd͡ʒɛl]

Noun

gel m (plural gels)

1. ice

   Synonym: glaç

2. gel

Related terms

• gelar

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Cimbrian

Adjective

gel

1. yellow

References

• Umberto Patuzzi, ed., (2013) Ünsarne Börtar, Luserna: Comitato unitario delle linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien

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Dutch

Etymology

(deprecated template usage)

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʒɛl/, /dʒɛl/

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

gel m or n (plural gels)

1. gel (suspension of solid in liquid)
2. gel (cosmetic preparation)

Anagrams

• leg

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Dutch Low Saxon

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡeːl/

Adjective

gel

1. yellow

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French

Etymology

From Latin gelū, from Proto-Indo-European *gel- (“cold”). For the sense of "gel", cf. English gel; compare gélatine.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʒɛl/

• audio

  (file)

Noun

gel m (plural gels)

1. frost

   Synonym: givre

2. gel (suspension of solid in liquid)
3. gel (cosmetic preparation)

Derived terms

• gélifier
• gelivure

 

Related terms

• dégel
• gélatine
• gelée
• geler

 

See also

• glace

Further reading

• “gel”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

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German

Pronunciation

• Audio

  (file)

Adjective

gel (comparative geler, superlative am gelsten)

1. (obsolete) Alternative spelling of gehl, alternative form of gelb (“yellow”)

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German Low German

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡeːl/

Adjective

gel

1. Alternative spelling of geel

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Icelandic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /cɛːl/
• Rhymes: -ɛːl

Noun

gel n (genitive singular gels, no plural)

1. gel

Declension

declension of gel

n-s	singular
	indefinite	definite
nominative	gel	gelið
accusative	gel	gelið
dative	geli	gelinu
genitive	gels	gelsins

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Nalca

Noun

gel

1. woman
2. wife

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Old French

Alternative forms

• jel

Contraction

gel

1. Contraction of ge + le (I […] it)

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Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *gelos, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₂- (“to shine”).

Adjective

gel

1. bright
2. clear
3. white

Declension

o/ā-stem
Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	gel	gel	gel
Vocative	gil* gel**
Accusative	gel	gil
Genitive	gil	gile	gil
Dative	giul	gil	giul
Plural	Masculine	Feminine/neuter
Nominative	gil	gela
Vocative	gilu gela†
Accusative	gilu gela†
Genitive	gel
Dative	gelaib
Notes	*modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative **modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative † not when substantivized

Derived terms

• aingel

Descendants

• Irish: geal
• Manx: gial
• Scottish Gaelic: geal

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
gel	gel pronounced with /ɣ(ʲ)-/	ngel
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 gel”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

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Old Saxon

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *gailaz, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰoylos (“frothing, tempestuous, wanton”). Cognate with Old English gāl, Dutch geil (“salacious, lustful”), Old High German geil (German geil (“lustful”)), Old Norse geiligr (“beautiful”).

Adjective

gēl (comparative gēloro, superlative gēlost)

1. wanton, lustful; wicked

Declension

Positive forms of gēl

Strong declension
gender	masculine		feminine		neuter
case	singular	plural	singular	plural	singular	plural
nominative	gēl	gēle, gēla	gēl	gēla	gēl	gēl, gēla
accusative	gēlan, gēlen	gēla, gēle	gēla	gēla	gēl	gēl, gēla
genitive	gēles, gēlas	gēlaro, gēloro, gēlero	gēlara, gēlaro	gēlaro, gēloro, gēlero	gēles, gēlas	gēlaro, gēloro, gēlero
dative	gēlumu, gēlum, gēlun, gēlun, gēlon, gēlen, gēlan	gēlun, gēlon, gēlum	gēlaro, gēlaru, gēlara	gēlun, gēlon	gēlumu, gēlum, gēlun, gēlun, gēlon, gēlen, gēlan	gēlun, gēlon, gēlum
Weak declension
gender	masculine		feminine		neuter
case	singular	plural	singular	plural	singular	plural
nominative	gēlo, gēla	gēlon, gēlun	gēla, gēle	gēlon, gēlun, gēlan	gēla, gēle	gēlon, gēlun
accusative	gēlon, gēlan	gēlon, gēlun	gēlun, gēlon, gēlan	gēlon, gēlun, gēlan	gēla, gēle	gēlon, gēlun
genitive	gēlen, gēlan	gēlono, gēleno	gēlun, gēlan, gēlen	gēlono	gēlen, gēlan	gēlono, gēleno
dative	gēlon, gēlen, gēlan	gēlon, gēlun	gēlun, gēlan	gēlon, gēlun	gēlon, gēlen, gēlan	gēlon, gēlun

Comparative forms of gēl (weak only)

Weak declension
gender	masculine		feminine		neuter
case	singular	plural	singular	plural	singular	plural
nominative	gēloro, gēlora	gēloron, gēlorun	gēlora, gēlore	gēloron, gēlorun, gēloran	gēlora, gēlore	gēloron, gēlorun
accusative	gēloron, gēloran	gēloron, gēlorun	gēlorun, gēloron, gēloran	gēloron, gēlorun, gēloran	gēlora, gēlore	gēloron, gēlorun
genitive	gēloren, gēloran	gēlorono, gēloreno	gēlorun, gēloran, gēloren	gēlorono	gēloren, gēloran	gēlorono, gēloreno
dative	gēloron, gēloren, gēloran	gēloron, gēlorun	gēlorun, gēloran	gēloron, gēlorun	gēloron, gēloren, gēloran	gēloron, gēlorun

Superlative forms of gēl

Strong declension
gender	masculine		feminine		neuter
case	singular	plural	singular	plural	singular	plural
nominative	gēlost	gēloste, gēlosta	gēlost	gēlosta	gēlost	gēlost, gēlosta
accusative	gēlostan, gēlosten	gēlosta, gēloste	gēlosta	gēlosta	gēlost	gēlost, gēlosta
genitive	gēlostes, gēlostas	gēlostaro, gēlostoro, gēlostero	gēlostara, gēlostaro	gēlostaro, gēlostoro, gēlostero	gēlostes, gēlostas	gēlostaro, gēlostoro, gēlostero
dative	gēlostumu, gēlostum, gēlostun, gēlostun, gēloston, gēlosten, gēlostan	gēlostun, gēloston, gēlostum	gēlostaro, gēlostaru, gēlostara	gēlostun, gēloston	gēlostumu, gēlostum, gēlostun, gēlostun, gēloston, gēlosten, gēlostan	gēlostun, gēloston, gēlostum
Weak declension
gender	masculine		feminine		neuter
case	singular	plural	singular	plural	singular	plural
nominative	gēlosto, gēlosta	gēloston, gēlostun	gēlosta, gēloste	gēloston, gēlostun, gēlostan	gēlosta, gēloste	gēloston, gēlostun
accusative	gēloston, gēlostan	gēloston, gēlostun	gēlostun, gēloston, gēlostan	gēloston, gēlostun, gēlostan	gēlosta, gēloste	gēloston, gēlostun
genitive	gēlosten, gēlostan	gēlostono, gēlosteno	gēlostun, gēlostan, gēlosten	gēlostono	gēlosten, gēlostan	gēlostono, gēlosteno
dative	gēloston, gēlosten, gēlostan	gēloston, gēlostun	gēlostun, gēlostan	gēloston, gēlostun	gēloston, gēlosten, gēlostan	gēloston, gēlostun

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Portuguese

Etymology

Borrowed from French gel, cf. English gel, gelatine.

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -ɛw

Noun

1. gel (suspension of solid in liquid)

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Spanish

Etymology

From gelatina or borrowed from French gel, cf. English gel, gelatine.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈxel/ [ˈxel]

Noun

gel m (plural geles)

1. gel (semi-solid colloid of a solid and a liquid)
2. gel (cosmetic gel, especially body wash)

Derived terms

• aerogel

Further reading

• Template:R:DRAE 2001

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Tok Pisin

Etymology

From English girl.

Noun

gel

1. girl

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Turkish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɟɛl/

Verb

gel

1. singular imperative of gelmek