ris

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ris"

Catalan

Etymology

Cognate with Italian riccio, making it a doublet of rínxol.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [ˈris]

Noun

ris m (plural risos)

1. curl, ringlet, lock

   Synonyms: rull, rínxol

2. loop

   Synonym: bucle

3. (nautical) reef (rolled portion of sail)

Derived terms

• arrissar
• rissar

Further reading

• “ris”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], 2007 April

Classical Gaelic

Pronoun

ris

1. third-person singular masculine of re

Preposition

ris

1. form of re (“to, toward, against”) used before the definite article

Cornish

Ris basmati.

Etymology

Borrowed from either Middle English rys or Old French ris. Compare Welsh reis.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɹiːs/

Noun

ris f (singulative risen)

1. (collective) rice

Coordinate terms

Cereals: greunvosedit

• barlys, heydh
• gwaneth
• hwegys, ys
• kergh
• myll
• ris
• spelt
• sugal

Derived terms

• ris bryjys (“boiled rice”)
• ris friys (“fried rice”)
• ris glusek (“sticky rice”)
• ris greun berr (“short grain rice”)
• ris greun hir (“long grain rice”)

Danish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʁiːˀs/, [ʁiˀs]

Etymology 1

From late Old Norse rís, from Middle Low German rīs, from Old French ris, from Italian riso, from Latin oryza, from Ancient Greek ὄρυζα (óruza).

Noun

ris c (singular definite risen, plural indefinite ris)

1. rice

Inflection

Declension of ris

common gender	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	ris	risen	ris	risene
genitive	ris'	risens	ris'	risenes

Etymology 2

From Old Norse hrís.

Noun

ris n (singular definite riset, plural indefinite ris)

1. twig
2. brushwood
3. negative criticism

Inflection

Declension of ris

neuter gender	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	ris	riset	ris	risene
genitive	ris'	risets	ris'	risenes

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʁi/
• Homophones: ri, rie, rient, ries, rit, riz

Etymology 1

Inherited from Middle French, from Old French ris (“reef”) for earlier *rifs (nom. sg. and acc. pl.), probably borrowed from Old Norse rif (“reef”). See English reef for more.

Noun

ris m (plural ris)

1. (nautical) reef (portion of a sail)

Etymology 2

Inherited from Middle French ris, of unknown origin. Gilles Ménage considered it a likely corruption of ridez m pl, modern ridés (“wrinkled”).

Noun

ris m (plural ris)

1. (chiefly in the plural) sweetbread (of a lamb or calf)

Etymology 3

Inherited from Latin rīsus (“laughter”).

Noun

ris m (plural ris)

2. (archaic) laughter, laugh

   Synonym: rire

3. (literary, in the plural) pleasures

Etymology 4

See the lemma.

Verb

ris

1. inflection of rire:
   1. first/second-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative
   3. first/second-person singular past historic

Further reading

• “ris”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Galician

Verb

ris

1. second-person singular present indicative of rir

Icelandic

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Germanic *risą, a zero-grade formation from *rīsaną (“to rise”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /rɪːs/
• Rhymes: -ɪːs

Noun

ris n (genitive singular riss, nominative plural ris)

1. rising (the process of something rising)
2. attic, part of a house directly under the (slanting) roof

   Synonyms: háaloft, loft, þakhæð, rishæð, hanabjálki

3. climax (of a story)

Declension

Declension of ris (neuter)

	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	ris	risið	ris	risin
accusative	ris	risið	ris	risin
dative	risi	risinu	risum	risunum
genitive	riss	rissins	risa	risanna

Derived terms

• rishár
• risherbergi
• rishæð

Interlingua

Noun

ris (uncountable)

1. rice

Irish

Etymology 1

From Old Irish ris (“a piece of news, tidings, story, tale”).

Noun

ris f (genitive singular rise, nominative plural rise) (literary)

1. report, tidings
2. story, tale

Declension

Declension of ris (second declension)

bare forms singular plural nominative ris rise vocative a ris a rise genitive rise ris dative ris rise forms with the definite article singular plural nominative an ris na rise genitive na rise na ris dative leis an ris don ris leis na rise

Etymology 2

From Classical Gaelic ris (“towards it”).

Pronoun

ris (emphatic ris-sean)

1. (obsolete) third-person singular masculine of re

Pronoun

ris (plus dative, triggers no mutation)

1. (obsolete) form of re (“to, toward, against”) used before the definite article

Adverb

ris

1. (literary) bare, uncovered, exposed

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “ris”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

Kashubian

Ris.

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *rysь.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈris/
• Rhymes: -is
• Syllabification: ris

Noun

ris m animal

1. lynx (felid of the genus Lynx)

   Synonym: luks

References

• Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “ryś”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi‎^[2]

Norman

Etymology 1

From Old French ris for earlier *rifs (plural), probably borrowed from Old Norse rif (“reef”), from Proto-Germanic *ribją (“rib, reef”).

Noun

ris m (plural ris)

1. (Jersey, nautical) reef

   Synonym: ris d'vaile

Derived terms

• rîsi (“to reef”)

Etymology 2

Verb

ris

1. first-person singular preterite of rithe

Norwegian Bokmål

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɾiːs/

Noun

ris m (definite singular risen)

1. rice

Derived terms

• risgrøt
• rismark

Noun

ris n (definite singular riset, indefinite plural ris, definite plural risa or risene)

1. a twig; a bundle of twigs used as a punishing device

Derived terms

• bjerkeris

Noun

ris m (definite singular risen)

1. a spanking given to someone through the use of a birch or the palm of one’s hand

Verb

ris

1. imperative of rise

References

• “ris” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /riːs/

Etymology 1

From Old Norse rís, from Ancient Greek ὄρυζα (óruza). Akin to English rice.

Noun

ris m (definite singular risen)

1. rice

Derived terms

• rismark

Etymology 2

From Old Norse hrís.

Noun

ris n (definite singular riset, indefinite plural ris, definite plural risa)

1. a bundle of sticks or twigs
2. a spanking

Etymology 3

Verb

ris

1. present tense of risa
2. imperative of risa

References

• “ris” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Occitan

Alternative forms

• arrís (Gascony)

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

ris m (plural ris)

1. (cooking, Gascony) rice

References

• Patric Guilhemjoan, Diccionari elementari occitan-francés francés-occitan (gascon), 2005, Orthez, per noste, 2005, →ISBN, page 119.

Portuguese

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈʁis/ [ˈhis]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈʁis/ [ˈhis]
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /ˈʁiʃ/ [ˈχiʃ]

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈʁiʃ/

• Rhymes: (Brazil) -is, (Portugal, Rio de Janeiro) -iʃ
• Hyphenation: ris

Verb

ris

1. second-person singular present indicative of rir

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish fris.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɾʲiʃ]
• (Lewis) IPA^(key): [ðiʃ]

Preposition

ris

1. the form of ri used before the definite article

   cho sgìth ris a' chù ― as tired as a dog; dog-tired

   Tha i ga blàthachadh fhèin ris an teine. ― She's warming herself up at the fire.

Pronoun

ris (emphatic ris-san)

1. third-person singular masculine of ri: to him, to it, with him, with it

   A bheil Alasdair coltach ris? ― Is Alasdair similar to him?

   Tha mi a' dèanamh fiughair ris. ― I'm looking forward to it.

Inflection

Personal inflection of ri

	Person:		simple	emphatic
singular	first		rium	riumsa
	second		riut	riutsa
	third	m	ris	ris-san
		f	rithe	rithese
plural	first		rinn	rinne
	second		ribh	ribhse
	third		riutha	riuthasan

See also

• rithe

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *rysь.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /rîs/

Noun

rȉs m (Cyrillic spelling ри̏с)

1. lynx

Declension

Declension of ris

	singular	plural
nominative	ris	risovi
genitive	risa	risova
dative	risu	risovima
accusative	risa	risove
vocative	rise	risovi
locative	risu	risovima
instrumental	risom	risovima

Further reading

• “ris”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025
• “ris”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025

Slovene

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *rysь.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ríːs/

Noun

rȋs m anim

1. lynx

Declension

The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.

Masculine anim., hard o-stem
nom. sing.	rís
gen. sing.	rísa
	singular	dual	plural
nominative (imenovȃlnik)	rís	rísa	rísi
genitive (rodȋlnik)	rísa	rísov	rísov
dative (dajȃlnik)	rísu	rísoma	rísom
accusative (tožȋlnik)	rísa	rísa	ríse
locative (mẹ̑stnik)	rísu	rísih	rísih
instrumental (orọ̑dnik)	rísom	rísoma	rísi

Further reading

• “ris”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
• “ris”, in Termania, Amebis
• See also the general references

Swedish

påskris ["Easter twigs" – bundled birch twigs with dyed feathers as an Easter decoration] (sense 2)

ris (sense 2)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /riːs/

• Audio (Gotland); “ett ris”:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -iːs

Etymology 1

From Old Norse hrís.

Noun

ris n

1. (chiefly in compounds, also collectively as vegetation) small shrubs, such as blueberry and lingonberry; bush, scrub, undergrowth, brushwood

   blåbärsris

   blueberry bush / scrub

   lingonris

   lingonberry bush / scrub

   en stubbe i lingonriset

   a stump in the lingonberry patch [a stump in the lingonberry scrub / undergrowth]

3. (dry) severed twigs (for example in a bundle or as for a broom), brushwood

   De lade sina liggunderlag på björkriset.

   They put their hiking mattresses on the birch twigs.

4. a spanking

   Han skall få smaka riset för det här.

   He'll get birched ("taste the twigs") for this.

5. negative criticism

   Antonym: ros

   Föreställningen fick mycket ris.

   The performance received a lot of negative criticism.

   ris och ros

   praise and criticism [idiomatic – also the name of a readers' section in some newspapers for criticizing or commending]

Declension

Declension of ris

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	ris	ris
	definite	riset	risets
plural	indefinite	ris	ris
	definite	risen	risens

Derived terms

• binda ris för egen rygg
• björkris
• påskris
• rishög

Related terms

• risig

See also

• sly
• snår

Etymology 2

From Old Norse rís, from Ancient Greek ὄρυζα (óruza). Akin to English rice.

Noun

ris n

1. rice (plant)
3. rice (grains from the rice plant)

   koka ris

   cook [boil] rice

Declension

Declension of ris

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	ris	ris
	definite	riset	risets
plural	indefinite	ris	ris
	definite	risen	risens

Derived terms

• basmatiris
• jasminris
• risgryn

Etymology 3

Ultimately from Arabic رِزْمَة (rizma, “package”).

Noun

ris n

1. a ream: 500 sheets (of paper)
   • 1738 September 28, Post- och Inrikes Tidningar, page 4:

     Gifwes haͤrmed tilkaͤnna / at Kyrkoherdens i St. Clara Herr Doctor Nordbergs Arbete wid Hans Maj:ts Hoͤg-Sal. Konung Carl XII. Hiſtoria är färdigt ſå at det, will Gud, straxt efter Ny-Åhret aͤmnas til trycket. Det blifwer in alles ett Ris Papper tryckt; På godt, stort/ Franſkt Skrifpapper; Hans Hoͤg-Sal. May:ts och deras nn regerande Kongl. May:ts Portraiter, tillika med 150. Medailler blifwa i Koppar ſtuckne; […]

     We do hereby make it known / that the Reverend Pastor of St. Clara, the learned Dr. Nordberg, hath brought to completion his Work upon the History of His late Majesty, the most High and Serene King Charles XII; it is, by the Grace of God, purposed to be put to the Press shortly after the New-Year. The same shall be printed in full upon one Ream of Paper, being of fine and large French Writing-Paper; the Portraits of His late most High and Serene Majesty, as also those of their now-reigning Royal Majesties, together with one hundred and fifty Medals, shall be engraved in Copper; […]

   • 1884 September 6, “Pris-kurant å Papper, Kuverter, Skrifmaterialier m. fl. till pappershandeln hörande artiklar, från I. Kjellbergs Pappershandel. [Price-List for Paper, Envelopes, Writing Materials, and Other Articles pertaining to the paper trade, from I. Kjellberg's Paper Shop.]”, in Östgöten, page 6:

     Rabatt kan och skall medgifvas, äfven då icke mera än ett ris papper eller ett tusen kuvert köpes på en gång och betalas kontant; detta, ehuru denna priskurants brutto-pris redan äro billigare än andras, hvarom hvem som helst kan öfvertyga sig genom jemförelse mellan vilkoren hos oss och öfrige pappershandlare.

     Discounts may and shall be granted, even when no more than a ream of paper or a thousand envelopes are purchased at one time and paid for in cash; this, despite the fact that the gross prices in this price-list are already more favorable than those of others, as anyone may convince themselves by comparing the terms offered by us with those of other paper merchants.

Declension

Declension of ris

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	ris	ris
	definite	riset	risets
plural	indefinite	ris	ris
	definite	risen	risens

References

• ris in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• ris in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
• ris in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)

White Hmong

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʈi˩/

Etymology 1

Verb

ris

1. to carry on the back, to bear

Derived terms

• ris siab (“having learned and accepted a lesson”)
• ris txiaj (“grateful, thankful”)

Etymology 2

Noun

ris (classifier: lub)

1. trousers, pants

Derived terms

• ris tsho (“clothing (lit. trousers and jacket)”)

References

• Heimbach, Ernest E. (1979) White Hmong — English Dictionary‎^[3], SEAP Publications, →ISBN, pages 277-8.