檜
|
Translingual
[edit]Han character
[edit]檜 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+13, 17 strokes, cangjie input 木人一日 (DOMA), four-corner 48966, composition ⿰木會)
References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 557, character 11
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 15676
- Dae Jaweon: page 946, character 18
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1303, character 4
- Unihan data for U+6A9C
Chinese
[edit]trad. | 檜 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 桧 |
Glyph origin
[edit]Pronunciation 1
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland; variant in Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄟˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: guèi
- Wade–Giles: kuei4
- Yale: gwèi
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guey
- Palladius: гуй (guj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ku̯eɪ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄞˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: kuài
- Wade–Giles: kʻuai4
- Yale: kwài
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kuay
- Palladius: куай (kuaj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰu̯aɪ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland; variant in Taiwan)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: kui2
- Yale: kúi
- Cantonese Pinyin: kui2
- Guangdong Romanization: kui2
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰuːi̯³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Southern Min
- Middle Chinese: kwajH, kwat
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ˤ[o][p]-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*koːbs/, /*koːd/
Definitions
[edit]檜
- Chinese juniper
- 淇水滺滺、檜楫松舟。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Qíshuǐ yóuyóu, guìjí sōngzhōu. [Pinyin]
- The waters of the Qi flow smoothly; there are the oars of juniper and boats of pine.
淇水滺滺、桧楫松舟。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]
Synonyms
[edit]Compounds
[edit]Pronunciation 2
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland China)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄟˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: huèi
- Wade–Giles: hui4
- Yale: hwèi
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huey
- Palladius: хуэй (xuej)
- Sinological IPA (key): /xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄞˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: kuài
- Wade–Giles: kʻuai4
- Yale: kwài
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kuay
- Palladius: куай (kuaj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰu̯aɪ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland China)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: kui2
- Yale: kúi
- Cantonese Pinyin: kui2
- Guangdong Romanization: kui2
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰuːi̯³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Middle Chinese: kwajH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ˤ[o][p]-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*koːbs/
Definitions
[edit]檜
Usage notes
[edit]- Its use in personal names is now rare because of Qin Hui (1090-1155), a chancellor of the Southern Song who is widely regarded and condemned as a traitor to the Chinese people for his part in the persecution and execution of his political enemy, Yue Fei, a general who fought for the Song against the Jin dynasty during the Jin–Song Wars.
Japanese
[edit]桧 | |
檜 |
Kanji
[edit](Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 桧)
Readings
[edit]- Go-on: け (ke)←け (ke, historical)←くゑ (kwe, ancient); かち (kachi)←くわち (kwati, historical)
- Kan-on: かい (kai)←くわい (kwai, historical); かつ (katsu)←くわつ (kwatu, historical)
- Kun: ひ (hi, 檜); ひのき (hinoki, 檜)
Compounds
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
檜 |
ひのき Jinmeiyō |
kun'yomi |
Alternative spellings |
---|
桧 (shinjitai) 檜木 |
Originally a compound of 檜 (hi, “Japanese cypress”, see below) + の (no, attributive particle) + 木 (ki, “tree”).[1][2]
The wood and bark was commonly used as tinder, and the term was previously thought to be from 火 (hi, “fire”) + の (no, attributive particle) + 木 (ki, “tree”). However, later research into ancient kana usage in Old Japanese revealed that 檜 had a reading of ⟨pi1⟩, while 火 was read as ⟨pi2⟩, ruling out this derivation.[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Tokyo) ひのき [hìnókí] (Heiban – [0])[2][3][4]
- (Tokyo) ひのき [híꜜnòkì] (Atamadaka – [1])[2][3][4]
- IPA(key): [çino̞kʲi]
Noun
[edit]Usage notes
[edit]- As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as ヒノキ.
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- → English: hinoki
- ⇒ English: hinokitiol
Proper noun
[edit]- a female given name
- a surname
Etymology 2
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
檜 |
ひ Jinmeiyō |
kun'yomi |
⟨pi1⟩ → */pʲi/ → /ɸi/ → /hi/
From Old Japanese 檜 (pi1),[6][2][7] from Proto-Japonic *pi. Cognate with Okinawan 檜 (finuchi, < *pinoki).
First appears in the Kojiki of 712 CE.[6][7]
Noun
[edit]- (archaic, or in compounds) Japanese cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa)
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 “檜・檜木”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten][1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Hirayama, Teruo, editor (1960), 全国アクセント辞典 (Zenkoku Akusento Jiten, “Nationwide Accent Dictionary”) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Tōkyōdō, →ISBN
- ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 “檜”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten][2] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 “檜”, in デジタル大辞泉 [Digital Daijisen][3] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months
Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]檜 • (hoe, gwal) (hangeul 회, 괄, revised hoe, gwal, McCune–Reischauer hoe, kwal, Yale hoy, kwal)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
Compounds
[edit]- 회목 (檜木, hoemok, “Japanese cypress”)
See also
[edit]Old Japanese
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Japonic *pi. Cognate with Okinawan 檜 (finuchi, < *pinoki).
Noun
[edit]檜 (pi1) (kana ひ)
Descendants
[edit]- Japanese: 檜 (hi, hinoki)
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
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