稿
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See also: 稾
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Translingual
[edit]Han character
[edit]稿 (Kangxi radical 115, 禾+10, 15 strokes, cangjie input 竹木卜口月 (HDYRB), four-corner 20927, composition ⿰禾高)
References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 858, character 4
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25220
- Dae Jaweon: page 1283, character 12
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2625, character 6
- Unihan data for U+7A3F
Chinese
[edit]simp. and trad. |
稿 | |
---|---|---|
alternative forms | 稾 藁 藳 |
Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character 稿 |
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Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
Small seal script |
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Old Chinese | |
---|---|
高 | *kaːw |
膏 | *kaːw, *kaːws |
篙 | *kaːw |
稿 | *kaːwʔ |
稾 | *kaːwʔ, *kʰaːws |
槁 | *kaːwʔ, *kʰaːwʔ |
縞 | *kaːwʔ, *kaːws |
暠 | *kaːwʔ |
槀 | *kaːwʔ |
藁 | *kaːwʔ |
燺 | *kʰaːwʔ |
薧 | *kʰaːwʔ, *kʰaːws, *qʰaːw |
犒 | *kʰaːws |
蒿 | *qʰaːw |
藃 | *qʰaːws, *qʰraːw, *qʰraw |
豪 | *ɡaːw |
毫 | *ɡaːw |
壕 | *ɡaːw |
濠 | *ɡaːw |
鎬 | *ɡaːwʔ |
滈 | *ɡaːwʔ, *qʰraːwɢ |
鄗 | *ɡaːwʔ, *kʰraːw, *qʰaːwɢ |
鰝 | *ɡaːwʔ, *qʰaːwɢ |
薃 | *ɡaːwʔ |
搞 | *kruːʔ |
敲 | *kʰraːw, *kʰraːws |
髇 | *qʰraːw |
嗃 | *qʰraːw, *qʰraːws, *qʰaːwɢ |
巐 | *kʰl'awʔ |
歊 | *qʰraw, *qʰoːwɢ |
謞 | *qʰaːwɢ, *qʰraːwɢ |
熇 | *qʰaːwɢ, *qʰoːwɢ, *qʰoːɡ |
碻 | *kʰraːwɢ |
塙 | *kʰraːwɢ |
毃 | *kʰraːwɢ |
翯 | *qʰraːwɢ, *ɡraːwɢ, *ɡoːwɢ |
瀥 | *qʰraːwɢ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *kaːwʔ) : semantic 禾 + phonetic 高 (OC *kaːw).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): gou2
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kó
- Eastern Min (BUC): gō̤
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kó / kó͘
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5kau
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄠˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: gǎo
- Wade–Giles: kao3
- Yale: gǎu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gao
- Palladius: гао (gao)
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɑʊ̯²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄠˇㄦ
- Tongyong Pinyin: gǎor
- Wade–Giles: kao3-ʼrh
- Yale: gǎur
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gaol
- Palladius: гаор (gaor)
- Sinological IPA (key): /kaʊ̯ɻʷ²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: gou2
- Yale: góu
- Cantonese Pinyin: gou2
- Guangdong Romanization: gou2
- Sinological IPA (key): /kou̯³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kó
- Hakka Romanization System: goˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: go3
- Sinological IPA: /ko³¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: gō̤
- Sinological IPA (key): /ko³³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- Wu
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*Cə.[k]ˤawʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*kaːwʔ/
Definitions
[edit]稿
- (literary) stalk of grain; straw
- (literary, or in compounds) draft; sketch
- (literary, or in compounds) manuscript
- 稿件 ― gǎojiàn ― rough draft; manuscript
- (literary, or in compounds) looks; appearance (of a person)
Synonyms
[edit]- (manuscript):
- (looks):
- 人才 (réncái)
- 儀容/仪容 (yíróng) (of a person)
- 儀表/仪表 (yíbiǎo) (of a person)
- 外形 (wàixíng)
- 外相 (Quanzhou Hokkien, Xiamen Hokkien)
- 外範/外范 (Xiamen Hokkien)
- 外表 (wàibiǎo)
- 外觀/外观 (wàiguān)
- 外貌 (wàimào)
- 姿容 (zīróng)
- 容貌 (róngmào, “facial features”)
- 容顏/容颜 (róngyán, “facial features”)
- 尊容 (zūnróng) (ironic or honorific, of a person)
- 尪仔頭/尪仔头 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
- 形容 (xíngróng, “facial appearance”) (literary)
- 形貌 (xíngmào)
- 樣子/样子 (yàngzi)
- 模樣/模样 (of a person)
- 樣貌/样貌 (yàngmào)
- 相貌 (xiàngmào) (of a person)
- 瞻視/瞻视 (zhānshì) (literary)
- 觀瞻/观瞻 (guānzhān)
- 貌相 (màoxiàng) (of a person)
- 賣相/卖相 (màixiàng) (originally Wu)
- 長相/长相 (zhǎngxiàng) (of a person)
- 面容 (miànróng, “facial features”)
- 面容仔 (“facial features”) (Hakka)
- 面水 (Hokkien)
- 面貌 (miànmào)
- 顏容/颜容 (yánróng, “facial features”)
- 體面/体面 (tǐmiàn)
Compounds
[edit]- 主稿
- 乾稿/干稿
- 來稿/来稿
- 初稿 (chūgǎo)
- 創稿/创稿
- 劍南詩稿/剑南诗稿
- 原稿 (yuángǎo)
- 存稿
- 孫晨稿席/孙晨稿席
- 完稿 (wángǎo)
- 定稿 (dìnggǎo)
- 審稿/审稿 (shěngǎo)
- 寫稿/写稿
- 屬草稿/属草稿
- 底稿 (dǐgǎo)
- 徵稿/征稿 (zhēnggǎo)
- 截稿 (jiégǎo)
- 手稿 (shǒugǎo)
- 打底稿
- 打稿
- 打腹稿
- 投稿 (tóugǎo)
- 拒稿 (jùgǎo)
- 撰稿 (zhuàngǎo)
- 撤稿 (chègǎo)
- 撰稿人
- 擬稿/拟稿 (nǐgǎo)
- 改稿
- 文稿 (wéngǎo)
- 會稿/会稿
- 有底稿
- 校稿
- 清史稿
- 清稿 (qīnggǎo)
- 清稿本
- 特稿 (tègǎo)
- 畫稿/画稿
- 發稿/发稿 (fāgǎo)
- 稿人
- 稿件 (gǎojiàn)
- 稿兒/稿儿
- 稿子 (gǎozi)
- 稿底
- 稿本 (gǎoběn)
- 稿案
- 稿源
- 稿砧
- 稿約/稿约
- 稿紙/稿纸 (gǎozhǐ)
- 稿葬
- 稿薦/稿荐 (gǎojiàn)
- 稿費/稿费 (gǎofèi)
- 稿酬 (gǎochóu)
- 縛稿為人/缚稿为人
- 脫稿/脱稿 (tuōgǎo)
- 腹稿
- 芻稿/刍稿
- 草稿 (cǎogǎo)
- 講稿/讲稿 (jiǎnggǎo)
- 起稿
- 轉載稿/转载稿
- 辦稿/办稿
- 退稿 (tuìgǎo)
- 遺稿/遗稿
- 邀稿
- 默稿
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]稿
- manuscript, version, draft
Readings
[edit]- Go-on: こう (kō, Jōyō)←かう (kau, historical)
- Kan-on: こう (kō, Jōyō)←かう (kau, historical)
- Kun: わら (wara, 稿)
Verb
[edit]稿する • (kō suru) suru (stem 稿し (kō shi), past 稿した (kō shita))
- to write (a manuscript/rough copy)
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of "稿する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 稿し | こうし | kō shi | |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 稿し | こうし | kō shi | |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 稿する | こうする | kō suru | |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 稿する | こうする | kō suru | |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 稿すれ | こうすれ | kō sure | |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 稿せよ¹ 稿しろ² |
こうせよ¹ こうしろ² |
kō seyo¹ kō shiro² | |
Key constructions | ||||
Passive | 稿される | こうされる | kō sareru | |
Causative | 稿させる 稿さす |
こうさせる こうさす |
kō saseru kō sasu | |
Potential | 稿できる | こうできる | kō dekiru | |
Volitional | 稿しよう | こうしよう | kō shiyō | |
Negative | 稿しない | こうしない | kō shinai | |
Negative continuative | 稿せず | こうせず | kō sezu | |
Formal | 稿します | こうします | kō shimasu | |
Perfective | 稿した | こうした | kō shita | |
Conjunctive | 稿して | こうして | kō shite | |
Hypothetical conditional | 稿すれば | こうすれば | kō sureba | |
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative |
Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]- hanja form? of 고 (“draft, manuscript”)
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]稿: Hán Nôm readings: cảo, khao
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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- Intermediate Mandarin
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- Japanese jōyō kanji
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- Japanese kanji with historical goon reading かう
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading こう
- Japanese kanji with historical kan'on reading かう
- Japanese kanji with kun reading わら
- Japanese lemmas
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