زر

See also: رز and رژ

Arabic

Etymology 1

Root
ز ر ر (z r r)
1 term

Verb

زَرَّ • (zarra) I (non-past يَزُرُّ (yazurru), verbal noun زَرّ (zarr))

1. to encroach upon one's enemy
2. to apprehend, to perceive
3. to beam, to dazzle, to gleam, to glitter
4. to button
5. to collect intensely
6. to constrict
7. to blanch, to bleach, to dust off

Conjugation

Conjugation of زَرَّ (I, geminate, a ~ u, full passive (?), verbal noun زَرّ)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						زَرّ zarr
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						زَارّ zārr
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مَزْرُور mazrūr
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	زَرَرْتُ zarartu	زَرَرْتَ zararta	زَرَّ zarra		زَرَرْتُمَا zarartumā	زَرَّا zarrā		زَرَرْنَا zararnā	زَرَرْتُمْ zarartum	زَرُّوا zarrū
	f		زَرَرْتِ zararti	زَرَّتْ zarrat			زَرَّتَا zarratā			زَرَرْتُنَّ zarartunna	زَرَرْنَ zararna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَزُرُّ ʔazurru	تَزُرُّ tazurru	يَزُرُّ yazurru		تَزُرَّانِ tazurrāni	يَزُرَّانِ yazurrāni		نَزُرُّ nazurru	تَزُرُّونَ tazurrūna	يَزُرُّونَ yazurrūna
	f		تَزُرِّينَ tazurrīna	تَزُرُّ tazurru			تَزُرَّانِ tazurrāni			تَزْرُرْنَ tazrurna	يَزْرُرْنَ yazrurna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَزُرَّ ʔazurra	تَزُرَّ tazurra	يَزُرَّ yazurra		تَزُرَّا tazurrā	يَزُرَّا yazurrā		نَزُرَّ nazurra	تَزُرُّوا tazurrū	يَزُرُّوا yazurrū
	f		تَزُرِّي tazurrī	تَزُرَّ tazurra			تَزُرَّا tazurrā			تَزْرُرْنَ tazrurna	يَزْرُرْنَ yazrurna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَزُرَّ, أَزُرِّ, أَزْرُرْ ʔazurra, ʔazurri, ʔazrur	تَزُرَّ, تَزُرِّ, تَزْرُرْ tazurra, tazurri, tazrur	يَزُرَّ, يَزُرِّ, يَزْرُرْ yazurra, yazurri, yazrur		تَزُرَّا tazurrā	يَزُرَّا yazurrā		نَزُرَّ, نَزُرِّ, نَزْرُرْ nazurra, nazurri, nazrur	تَزُرُّوا tazurrū	يَزُرُّوا yazurrū
	f		تَزُرِّي tazurrī	تَزُرَّ, تَزُرِّ, تَزْرُرْ tazurra, tazurri, tazrur			تَزُرَّا tazurrā			تَزْرُرْنَ tazrurna	يَزْرُرْنَ yazrurna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		زُرَّ, زُرِّ, اُزْرُرْ zurra, zurri, uzrur			زُرَّا zurrā				زُرُّوا zurrū
	f		زُرِّي zurrī							اُزْرُرْنَ uzrurna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	زُرِرْتُ zurirtu	زُرِرْتَ zurirta	زُرَّ zurra		زُرِرْتُمَا zurirtumā	زُرَّا zurrā		زُرِرْنَا zurirnā	زُرِرْتُمْ zurirtum	زُرُّوا zurrū
	f		زُرِرْتِ zurirti	زُرَّتْ zurrat			زُرَّتَا zurratā			زُرِرْتُنَّ zurirtunna	زُرِرْنَ zurirna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُزَرُّ ʔuzarru	تُزَرُّ tuzarru	يُزَرُّ yuzarru		تُزَرَّانِ tuzarrāni	يُزَرَّانِ yuzarrāni		نُزَرُّ nuzarru	تُزَرُّونَ tuzarrūna	يُزَرُّونَ yuzarrūna
	f		تُزَرِّينَ tuzarrīna	تُزَرُّ tuzarru			تُزَرَّانِ tuzarrāni			تُزْرَرْنَ tuzrarna	يُزْرَرْنَ yuzrarna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُزَرَّ ʔuzarra	تُزَرَّ tuzarra	يُزَرَّ yuzarra		تُزَرَّا tuzarrā	يُزَرَّا yuzarrā		نُزَرَّ nuzarra	تُزَرُّوا tuzarrū	يُزَرُّوا yuzarrū
	f		تُزَرِّي tuzarrī	تُزَرَّ tuzarra			تُزَرَّا tuzarrā			تُزْرَرْنَ tuzrarna	يُزْرَرْنَ yuzrarna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُزَرَّ, أُزَرِّ, أُزْرَرْ ʔuzarra, ʔuzarri, ʔuzrar	تُزَرَّ, تُزَرِّ, تُزْرَرْ tuzarra, tuzarri, tuzrar	يُزَرَّ, يُزَرِّ, يُزْرَرْ yuzarra, yuzarri, yuzrar		تُزَرَّا tuzarrā	يُزَرَّا yuzarrā		نُزَرَّ, نُزَرِّ, نُزْرَرْ nuzarra, nuzarri, nuzrar	تُزَرُّوا tuzarrū	يُزَرُّوا yuzarrū
	f		تُزَرِّي tuzarrī	تُزَرَّ, تُزَرِّ, تُزْرَرْ tuzarra, tuzarri, tuzrar			تُزَرَّا tuzarrā			تُزْرَرْنَ tuzrarna	يُزْرَرْنَ yuzrarna

Noun

زِرّ • (zirr) m (plural أَزْرار (ʔazrār) or زُرُور (zurūr))

1. button
2. switch button in a power socket

Etymology 2

Verb

زُرْ • (zur) (form I) /zur/

1. second-person masculine singular imperative of زَارَ (zāra)

References

“زر” in Almaany

Baluchi

Noun

زر • (zar)

1. gold
2. money

See also

• طلا (talá, tilá)
• پیسہ (paysa)

Hijazi Arabic

Root
ز ر ر
1 term

أَزَارير / أَزْرار

Etymology

From Arabic زِرّ (zirr).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /zirr/, [zɪr]

Noun

زِرّ • (zirr) m (plural أَزارير (ʔazārīr) or أَزْرار (ʔazrār))

1. button

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Persian زر (zar, “gold”), from Middle Persian *zarr (“gold”).

Noun

زر • (zer)

1. gold, a yellow chemical element of great value and one of the noble metals

   Synonyms: آلتون (altun, altın), ذهب (zeheb)

2. coin, a piece of currency, usually metallic and in the shape of a disc

   Synonyms: آقچه (akçe), سكه (sikke)

3. money, a generally accepted means of exchange and measure of value

   Synonym: پاره (pare, para)

Adjective

زر • (zer)

1. yellow, possessing a color which stands between gree and orange on the visible spectrum

   Synonym: صاری (sarı)

Derived terms

• زر محبوب (zer-i mahbub, “a gold Turkish coin”)
• زر مشت افشار (zer-i müşt efşar, “kind of gold”)
• زر گون (zer gün, “gold colored”)
• زراب (zerab, “gold ink”)
• زرباف (zerbaf, “weaver of cloths of gold”)
• زرتار (zertar, “made of gold-thread”)
• زررشته (zerrişte, “gold-thread”)
• زرسای (zersay, “slab on which gold is rubbed up”)
• زرشناس (zerşinas, “banker; money-changer”)
• زرك (zerek, “gold leaf”)
• زركش (zerkeş, “gold wire drawer”)
• زرنشان (zernişan, “inlaid with gold”)
• زرگر (zerger, “goldsmith”)

Descendants

• Turkish: zer

Further reading

• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007), “zer2”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 5456
• Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962), “zer”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat‎‎^[1] (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 1419
• Kélékian, Diran (1911), “زر”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[2] (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, page 642
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687), “Aurum”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[3], Vienna, columns 107-108
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680), “زر”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[4], Vienna, column 2437
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–), “zer”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Redhouse, James W. (1890), “زر”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[5], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1006

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic زِرّ (zirr, “button”), from the verb زَرّ (zarr, “to button”).

Noun

زر • (zırr) (definite accusative زری (zırrı), plural زرور (zurur))

1. button, a knob or disc that is passed through a loop or buttonhole, which is used as a fastener

   Synonym: دوگمه (düğme)

2. (botany) bud, a newly sprouted leaf, blossom, or short shoot that has not yet unfolded

   Synonyms: طومروجاق (tomrucak), طومروق (tomruk)

Descendants

• Turkish: zır

Further reading

• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007), “zır2”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 5474
• Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962), “zırr”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat‎‎^[6] (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 1426
• Kélékian, Diran (1911), “زر”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[7] (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, page 642
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687), “Globulus”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[8], Vienna, column 655
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680), “زر”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[9], Vienna, column 2437
• Redhouse, James W. (1890), “زر”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[10], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1006

Etymology 3

Onomatopoeic.

Noun

زر • (zır)

1. buzz, hum, thrum, whirr, a continuous humming noise, as of bees

   Synonyms: اوغلدی (uğuldu), طنطنه (tantana)

Adjective

زر • (zır)

1. buzzing, whirring, thrumming, producing a continuous humming noise

Derived terms

• زر دلی (zır deli, “madman who cannot keep quiet”)
• زر زوب (zır zob, “crack-brained”)

Descendants

• Turkish: zır

Further reading

• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007), “zır1”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 5474
• Kélékian, Diran (1911), “زر”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[11] (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, page 642
• Redhouse, James W. (1890), “زر”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[12], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1006

Pashto

Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-European *(sm̥-)ǵʰéslo-. Indo-Iranian cognates include Baluchi ہزار (hazár), Persian هزار (hezâr), Northern Kurdish ھەزار (hezar) and Sanskrit सहस्र (sahásra). Akin to Old Armenian հազար (hazar), an Iranian borrowing.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /zər/

Numeral

زر • (zër)

1. thousand

Declension

Declension of زر

	singular	plural
direct	زر (zër)	زره (zëra)
oblique	زر (zër)	زرو (zëro)
vocative	[Term?]	[Term?]

Etymology 2

From Proto-Indo-Iranian (compare Old Persian 𐎭𐎼𐎴𐎡𐎹 (d-r-n-i-y /⁠daraniya-⁠⁠⁠/), Sanskrit हिरण्य (hiraṇya, “gold”)), probably ultimately from a derivative of the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵʰel- (“green, yellow”). Compare Old Church Slavonic злато (zlato, “gold”), Latvian zelts, English gold.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /zar/

Noun

زر • (zar) m

1. metal

Persian

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian *zarr (“gold”), from Parthian *zarn (“gold”); the inherited form would have started with a D, as is seen in Old Persian 𐎭𐎼𐎴𐎡𐎹 (d-r-n-i-y). Ultimately from a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃- (“green, yellow”). Indo-Iranian cognates include Northern Kurdish zêrr, and Sanskrit हिरण्य (hiraṇya). Other cognates include Old Church Slavonic злато (zlato), Latvian zelts, and English gold and yellow.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ˈzarr/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [zäɾ(ː)]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [zäɾ(ː)]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [zäɾ(ː)]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [zäɾ(ː)]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [zæɹ(ː)]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [zäɾ(ː)]

Readings
Classical reading?	zarr
Dari reading?	zarr
Iranian reading?	zarr
Tajik reading?	zarr

Noun

Dari	زر
Iranian Persian
Tajik	зар

زر • (zar)

1. gold

   Synonym: طلا (talâ)

Derived terms

• زرگر (zargar)
• زرگری (zargari)
• زرین (zarrin)

Descendants

• → Armenian: զառ (zaṙ), զար (zar)
• → Azerbaijani: zər
• → Bengali: জর (zôr)
• → Georgian: ზარი (zari)
• → Gujarati: જર (jar)
• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: ज़र (zar)

  Urdu: زر (zar)

• → Marathi: जर (j̈ar)
• → Ottoman Turkish: زر
• → Punjabi:

  Gurmukhi script: ਜ਼ਰ (zar)

  Shahmukhi script: زَر (zar)

Etymology 2

From Proto-Iranian [Term?], from Proto-Indo-Iranian [Term?], from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰer-, *gʰer- (“to encircle; to spin around”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ˈzur/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [zʊɾ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [zʊɾ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [zʊɾ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [zuɾ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [zoɹ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [zuɾ]

Readings
Classical reading?	zur
Dari reading?	zur
Iranian reading?	zor
Tajik reading?	zur

Noun

زر • (zor)

1. (dialectal) rotation
2. (dialectal) revolution
3. (dialectal) circulation
4. (dialectal) spin
5. (dialectal) travel

Related terms

• زر خوردن (zor xordan)
• زر دادن (zor dâdan)

Etymology 3

From Proto-Iranian [Term?], from Proto-Indo-Iranian [Term?], from Proto-Indo-European *ǵerh₂- (“to grow old, to mature”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ˈzar/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [zäɾ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [zäɾ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [zäɾ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [zäɾ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [zæɹ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [zäɾ]

Readings
Classical reading?	zar
Dari reading?	zar
Iranian reading?	zar
Tajik reading?	zar

Noun

زر • (zar)

1. old person, old man
   • c. 935 CE, Daqīqī:

     همی نوبهار آید و تیر ماه/ جهان گاه برنا شود گاه زر

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Derived terms

• پیرزر (pirezar)
• زال زر (zâl e zar)

South Levantine Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic زِرّ (zirr).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /zirr/, [zɪr]

• Audio (Ramallah):

  (file)

Noun

زرّ • (zirr) m (plural زرار (zrār))

1. button, knob
2. a single item of certain vegetables

   زر تومة ― zirr tōme ― a clove of garlic

   زر بطاطا (in some areas) ― zirr baṭāṭa ― a potato

Derived terms

• زر الإجر (zirr il-ʔijr, “ankle”, literally “knob of the leg”)

Ushojo

Etymology

From Pashto زر (zër).

Numeral

زر (zer)

1. thousand