傷心

See also: 伤心

Chinese

		injure; injury; wound	heart; mind
trad. (傷心)		傷	心
simp. (伤心)		伤	心

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): shāngxīn

  (Zhuyin): ㄕㄤ ㄒㄧㄣ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): soeng¹ sam¹

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): sông-sîm

  (Meixian, Guangdong): song¹ xim¹

• Northern Min (KCR): sióng-séng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): siong-sim / siang-sim

  (Teochew, Peng'im): siên¹ sim¹ / sion¹ sim¹

• Wu (Northern, Wugniu): ¹saon-shin₁ / ¹saon-sin₁

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: shāngxīn
    • Zhuyin: ㄕㄤ ㄒㄧㄣ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: shangsin
    • Wade–Giles: shang¹-hsin¹
    • Yale: shāng-syīn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shangshin
    • Palladius: шансинь (šansinʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂɑŋ⁵⁵ ɕin⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: soeng¹ sam¹
    • Yale: sēung sām
    • Cantonese Pinyin: soeng¹ sam¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: sêng¹ sem¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sœːŋ⁵⁵ sɐm⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sông-sîm
    • Hakka Romanization System: song^ˊ xim^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: song¹ xim¹
    • Sinological IPA: /soŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ sim²⁴/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: song¹ xim¹
    • Sinological IPA: /sɔŋ⁴⁴ sim⁴⁴/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: sióng-séng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /siɔŋ⁵⁴ seiŋ⁵⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siong-sim
    • Tâi-lô: siong-sim
    • Phofsit Daibuun: siongsym
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ sim⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /siɔŋ³³ sim³³/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² sim⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siang-sim
    • Tâi-lô: siang-sim
    • Phofsit Daibuun: siangsym
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /siaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² sim⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: siên¹ sim¹ / sion¹ sim¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sieⁿ sim / sioⁿ sim
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sĩẽ³³⁻²³ sim³³/, /sĩõ³³⁻²³ sim³³/

Note:

• siên1 sim1 - Chaozhou;
• sion1 sim1 - Jieyang.

• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ¹saon-shin₁
    • MiniDict: saon^平 shin^平
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹saan-xin₁
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /sɑ̃⁵⁵ ɕin²¹/
  • (Northern: Suzhou)
    • Wugniu: ¹saon-sin₁
    • MiniDict: saon^平 sin^平
    • Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /sɑ̃⁴⁴ sin/

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• Middle Chinese: syang sim

Rime
Character	傷	心
Reading #	1/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	書 (26)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)	侵 (139)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	式羊切	息林切
Baxter	syang	sim
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɕɨɐŋ/	/siɪm/
Pan Wuyun	/ɕiɐŋ/	/sim/
Shao Rongfen	/ɕiɑŋ/	/sjem/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɕɨaŋ/	/sim/
Li Rong	/ɕiaŋ/	/siəm/
Wang Li	/ɕĭaŋ/	/sĭĕm/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɕi̯aŋ/	/si̯əm/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shāng	xīn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	soeng1	sam1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*l̥aŋ  səm/

  (Zhengzhang): /*hljaŋ  slɯm/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	傷	心
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	shāng	xīn
Middle Chinese	‹ syang ›	‹ sim ›
Old Chinese	/*l̥aŋ/	/*səm/
English	wound	heart
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	傷	心
Reading #	1/2	1/1
No.	14581	13801
Phonetic component	昜	心
Rime group	陽	侵
Rime subdivision	0	1
Corresponding MC rime	商	心
Old Chinese	/*hljaŋ/	/*slɯm/

Adjective

傷心

1. sad; grieved; brokenhearted

   我越想越覺得傷心。 [MSC, trad.]
   我越想越觉得伤心。 [MSC, simp.]

   Wǒ yuè xiǎng yuè juéde shāngxīn. [Pinyin]

   The more I think, the sadder I feel.

Synonyms

edit

• 京京 (jīngjīng) (literary)
• 傷悲／伤悲 (shāngbēi) (literary)
• 傷感／伤感 (shānggǎn)
• 傷懷／伤怀 (shānghuái) (literary)
• 傷痛／伤痛 (shāngtòng)
• 傷神／伤神 (shāngshén) (literary)
• 刺心 (cìxīn)
• 哀傷／哀伤 (āishāng)
• 哀切 (āiqiè)
• 哀怨 (āiyuàn)
• 哀悽／哀凄 (āiqī)
• 哀慟／哀恸 (āitòng)
• 哀戚 (āiqī) (literary)
• 哀痛 (āitòng)
• 哀苦 (āikǔ)
• 心酸 (xīnsuān)
• 怛傷／怛伤 (dáshāng) (literary)
• 悄然 (qiǎorán) (literary)
• 情傷／情伤 (qíngshāng) (literary)
• 悲催 (bēicuī) (neologism, jocular)
• 悲傷／悲伤 (bēishāng)
• 悲切 (bēiqiè) (literary)
• 悲哀 (bēi'āi)
• 悲悽／悲凄 (bēiqī)
• 悽惶／凄惶 (qīhuáng) (literary)
• 悱惻／悱恻 (fěicè) (literary)
• 悽愴／凄怆 (qīchuàng) (literary)
• 悲愴／悲怆 (bēichuàng) (literary)
• 悲慟／悲恸 (bēitòng)
• 悲慘／悲惨 (bēicǎn)
• 悽戚／凄戚 (qīqī) (literary)
• 悲戚 (bēiqī)
• 悲摧 (bēicuī) (literary)
• 悲楚 (bēichǔ) (literary)
• 悲涼／悲凉 (bēiliáng)
• 悲痛 (bēitòng)
• 悲苦 (bēikǔ)
• 感傷／感伤 (gǎnshāng)
• 愀愴／愀怆 (qiǎochuàng)
• 愁楚 (chóuchǔ) (literary)
• 惻然／恻然 (cèrán) (literary)
• 愴然／怆然 (chuàngrán) (literary)
• 慘／惨 (cǎn)
• 憂傷／忧伤 (yōushāng)
• 慘悽／惨凄 (cǎnqī)
• 憂愁／忧愁 (yōuchóu)
• 憂戚／忧戚 (yōuqī) (literary)
• 慘淡／惨淡 (cǎndàn)
• 憯懍／憯懔 (cǎnlǐn)
• 懤懤／㤽㤽 (chóuchóu)
• 沉痛 (chéntòng)
• 淒切／凄切 (qīqiè)
• 淒惻／凄恻 (qīcè) (literary)
• 淒慘／凄惨 (qīcǎn)
• 淒楚／凄楚 (qīchǔ)
• 淒涼／凄凉 (qīliáng)
• 淒然／凄然 (qīrán) (literary)
• 痛心 (tòngxīn)
• 艱苦心／艰苦心 (Hokkien)
• 蒼涼／苍凉 (cāngliáng)
• 酸心 (suānxīn)
• 難受／难受 (nánshòu)
• 難過／难过 (nánguò)
• 青凊 (Hokkien)
• 黯然 (ànrán)

 

Verb

傷⫽心 (verb-object) (intransitive)

1. to break the heart of someone; to make someone sad; to aggrieve

   難道你不知道你現在已經傷了很多人的心嗎？ [MSC, trad.]
   难道你不知道你现在已经伤了很多人的心吗？ [MSC, simp.]

   Nándào nǐ bù zhīdào nǐ xiànzài yǐjīng shāng le hěn duō rén de xīn ma? [Pinyin]

   Don’t you know that you have broken the hearts of many people?

   • 是故懷戚者聞之，莫不憯懍慘悽，愀愴傷心。 [MSC, trad.]
     是故怀戚者闻之，莫不憯懔惨凄，愀怆伤心。 [MSC, simp.]

     From: 《琴賦》(A Composition on the Qin) by Ji Kang (223–262); 1941 translation by Robert van Gulik

     Shìgù huái qī zhě wén zhī, mòbù cǎnlǐn cǎnqī, qiǎochuàng shāngxīn. [Pinyin]

     If the downcast hear this music, they will all be sorrowful and pained, grief will wound their hearts, and they cannot refrain from mournful wails.

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (傷心):

• → Japanese: 傷(しょう)心(しん) (shōshin)
• → Korean: 상심(傷心) (sangsim)
• → Vietnamese: thương tâm (傷心)