和睦

Chinese

		mix together; peace; harmony mix together; peace; harmony; and; with; union; cap (a poem); respond in singing; soft; warm	friendly
trad. (和睦)		和	睦
simp. #(和睦)		和	睦

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): hémù

  (Zhuyin): ㄏㄜˊ ㄇㄨˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): wo⁴ muk⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fò-mu̍k
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): hô-bo̍k

  (Teochew, Peng'im): hua⁵ mog⁸

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: hémù
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄜˊ ㄇㄨˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: hémù
    • Wade–Giles: ho²-mu⁴
    • Yale: hé-mù
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hermuh
    • Palladius: хэму (xɛmu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xɤ³⁵ mu⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: wo⁴ muk⁶
    • Yale: wòh muhk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: wo⁴ muk⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: wo⁴ mug⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɔː²¹ mʊk̚²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fò-mu̍k
    • Hakka Romanization System: foˇ mug
    • Hagfa Pinyim: fo² mug⁶
    • Sinological IPA: /fo¹¹ muk̚⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hô-bo̍k
    • Tâi-lô: hô-bo̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hoi'bok
    • IPA (Xiamen): /ho²⁴⁻²² bɔk̚⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /ho²⁴⁻²² bɔk̚²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /ho¹³⁻²² bɔk̚¹²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /ho²⁴⁻¹¹ bɔk̚⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɤ²³⁻³³ bɔk̚⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: hua⁵ mog⁸
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: huâ mo̍k
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hua⁵⁵⁻¹¹ mok̚⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: hwa mjuwk

Rime
Character	和	睦
Reading #	1/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	戈 (95)	東 (4)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	戸戈切	莫六切
Baxter	hwa	mjuwk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦuɑ/	/mɨuk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦuɑ/	/miuk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣuɑ/	/miuk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦwa/	/muwk̚/
Li Rong	/ɣuɑ/	/miuk̚/
Wang Li	/ɣuɑ/	/mĭuk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣuɑ/	/mi̯uk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	huó	mù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wo4	muk6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]ˤoj  mr[uk]/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡoːl  mluɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	和	睦
Reading #	1/2	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	hé	mù
Middle Chinese	‹ hwa ›	‹ mjuwk ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɢ]ˁoj/	/*mr[uk]/
English	harmonious	concord
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	和	睦
Reading #	1/2	1/1
No.	4932	8531
Phonetic component	禾	坴
Rime group	歌	幽
Rime subdivision	3	1
Corresponding MC rime	和	目
Old Chinese	/*ɡoːl/	/*mluɡ/
Notes		古文從囧圥聲

Adjective

和睦

1. harmonious; amicable; friendly; peaceful

   • 上下和睦，周旋不逆。 [Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]

     From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4^th century BCE

     Shàngxià hémù, zhōuxuán bù nì. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this example)

Synonyms

• 協調／协调 (xiétiáo)
• 和協／和协 (Min Nan)
• 和好 (héhǎo)
• 和平 (hépíng)
• 和氣／和气
• 和洽 (héqià)
• 和美 (héměi)
• 和諧／和谐 (héxié)
• 團結／团结 (tuánjié)
• 平和
• 緝穆／缉穆 (qìmù) (literary)
• 融和 (rónghé)
• 融洽 (róngqià)
• 親睦／亲睦 (qīnmù)
• 調和／调和 (tiáohé)
• 調諧／调谐 (tiáoxié)
• 諧和／谐和 (xiéhé)
• 輯睦／辑睦 (jímù) (literary)
• 雝雝／雍雍 (yōngyōng) (literary)
• 順／顺 (shùn) (literary, or in compounds)

 

Derived terms

• 和睦相處／和睦相处 (hémùxiāngchǔ)

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (和睦):

• → Japanese: 和(わ)睦(ぼく) (waboku)
• → Korean: 화목(和睦) (hwamok)
• → Vietnamese: hoà mục (和睦)

See also

• 和藹／和蔼 (hé'ǎi)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
和	睦
わ Grade: 3	ぼく Grade: S
on’yomi

Noun

和(わ)睦(ぼく) • (waboku) 

1. harmony

See also

• 調和

Vietnamese

chữ Hán in this term
和	睦

Noun

和睦

1. chữ Hán form of hoà mục.