妃

Translingual

Han character

妃 (Kangxi radical 38, 女+3, 6 strokes, cangjie input 女尸山 (VSU), four-corner 4741₇, composition ⿰女己)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 255, character 22
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6061
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1027, character 11
• Unihan data for U+5983

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Chinese

trad.		妃
simp. #		妃

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (妃) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
圮	*brɯlʔ
妃	*pʰɯːls, *pʰɯl

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 女 (“woman”) + 卩 (“a kneeling man”).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): fēi (fei¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄈㄟ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): fei¹
• Hakka (Meixian, Guangdong): fi¹
• Eastern Min (BUC): hĭ
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): hui

  (Teochew, Peng'im): hui¹

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ¹fi

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: fēi
    • Zhuyin: ㄈㄟ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: fei
    • Wade–Giles: fei¹
    • Yale: fēi
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fei
    • Palladius: фэй (fɛj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /feɪ̯⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: fei¹
    • Yale: fēi
    • Cantonese Pinyin: fei¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: féi¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fei̯⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: fi¹
    • Sinological IPA: /fi⁴⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: hĭ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hi⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hui
    • Tâi-lô: hui
    • Phofsit Daibuun: huy
    • IPA (Xiamen): /hui⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hui³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /hui⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /hui⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /hui⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: hui¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hui
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hui³³/
• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ¹fi
    • MiniDict: fi^平
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹fi
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /fi⁵³/

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• Middle Chinese: phj+j, phwojH

Rime
Character	妃	妃
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	滂 (2)	滂 (2)
Final (韻)	微 (21)	灰 (42)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	III	I
Fanqie	芳非切	滂佩切
Baxter	phj+j	phwojH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pʰʉi/	/pʰuʌiH/
Pan Wuyun	/pʰʷɨi/	/pʰuoiH/
Shao Rongfen	/pʰiuəi/	/pʰuɒiH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/pʰuj/	/pʰwəjH/
Li Rong	/pʰiuəi/	/pʰuᴀiH/
Wang Li	/pʰĭwəi/	/pʰuɒiH/
Bernard Karlgren	/pʰwe̯i/	/pʰuɑ̆iH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fēi	pèi
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fei1	pui3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*pʰ[ə][j]/

  (Zhengzhang): /*pʰɯːls/, /*pʰɯl/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	妃
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	fēi
Middle Chinese	‹ phjɨj ›
Old Chinese	/*pʰ[ə][j]/
English	consort; match
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	妃	妃
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	3061	3062
Phonetic component	妃	妃
Rime group	微	微
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	配	霏
Old Chinese	/*pʰɯːls/	/*pʰɯl/
Notes	見左傳	甲金文從巳從女表育兒之婦， 非己聲

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 妃

1. ^† spouse; couple
2. (historical) imperial concubine
3. (historical) wife of a prince

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Japanese

Kanji

妃

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. queen
2. princess

Readings

• Go-on: ひ (hi, Jōyō); へ (he)
• Kan-on: ひ (hi, Jōyō); はい (hai)
• Kun: きさき (kisaki, 妃)

Etymology 1

Alternative forms

• 后

Noun

妃(きさき) or 妃(きさい) • (kisaki or kisai) 

1. A ruler's wife; queen; empress.
   • 1632: Diego Collado, Dictionarium sive thesauri linguae Iaponicae compendium, p. 112

     Regina, æ . reina . qisàqi .

Etymology 2

御- mi- (honorific prefix) + 女 me "woman"

Alternative forms

• 御妻

Noun

妃(みめ) • (mime) 

1. A noble's wife.

Etymology 3

From Middle Chinese 妃 (pʰʉi)

Noun

妃(ひ) • (hi) 

1. a queen consort or princess consort

   お妃(ひ)

   o-hi

   the queen

   聖(せい)剣(けん)を抱(いだ)く王(おう)妃(ひ)ギネヴィア

   Seiken o Idaku Ōhi Ginevia

   Guinevere, the Queen Who Bears the Holy Sword

   妃(ひ)殿(でん)下(か)

   Hidenka

   Her Highness the Princess

   文(ふみ)仁(ひと)親(しん)王(のう)妃(ひ)紀(き)子(こ)

   Fumihito Shinnōhi Kiko

   Kiko, Princess Fumihito

   (literally, “Kiko, Consort of Prince Fumihito”)

   ウェールズ公(こう)妃(ひ)ダイアナ

   Wēruzu Kōhi Daiana

   Diana, Princess of Wales

   (literally, “Diana, Consort of the Prince of Wales”)

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Korean

Hanja

妃 • (bi, bae) (hangeul 비, 배, revised bi, b, McCune–Reischauer pi, p)

1. wife, spouse
2. imperial concubine

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 妃 (phi)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.