封
Translingual
Stroke order | |||
---|---|---|---|
Han character
封 (Kangxi radical 41, 寸+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 土土木戈 (GGDI), four-corner 44100, composition ⿰圭寸)
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 294, character 7
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7426
- Dae Jaweon: page 581, character 21
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 504, character 14
- Unihan data for U+5C01
Chinese
simp. and trad. |
封 |
---|
Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 封 | |||
---|---|---|---|
Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
丰 (“field, ear of grass”) + 寸 (“control”).
In modern form, left component is written instead as 圭 (土土), with two vertical strokes, rather than as 丰 (one vertical stroke).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): fung1
- Hakka
- Northern Min (KCR): hó̤ng
- Eastern Min (BUC): hŭng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): 1fon
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄈㄥ
- Tongyong Pinyin: fong
- Wade–Giles: fêng1
- Yale: fēng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: feng
- Palladius: фэн (fɛn)
- Sinological IPA (key): /fɤŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: fung1
- Yale: fūng
- Cantonese Pinyin: fung1
- Guangdong Romanization: fung1
- Sinological IPA (key): /fʊŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fûng
- Hakka Romanization System: fung´
- Hagfa Pinyim: fung1
- Sinological IPA: /fuŋ²⁴/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: hó̤ng
- Sinological IPA (key): /xɔŋ⁵⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: hŭng
- Sinological IPA (key): /huŋ⁵⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
Note: pang - vernacular, hong - literary.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: huang1 / hong1
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: huang / hong
- Sinological IPA (key): /huaŋ³³/, /hoŋ³³/
- (Teochew)
Note:
- huang1 - vernacular;
- hong1 - literary.
- Dialectal data
Variety | Location | 封 |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /fəŋ⁵⁵/ |
Harbin | /fəŋ⁴⁴/ | |
Tianjin | /fəŋ²¹/ | |
Jinan | /fəŋ²¹³/ | |
Qingdao | /fəŋ²¹³/ | |
Zhengzhou | /fəŋ²⁴/ | |
Xi'an | /fəŋ²¹/ | |
Xining | /fə̃⁴⁴/ | |
Yinchuan | /fəŋ⁴⁴/ | |
Lanzhou | /fə̃n³¹/ | |
Ürümqi | /fɤŋ⁴⁴/ | |
Wuhan | /foŋ⁵⁵/ | |
Chengdu | /foŋ⁵⁵/ | |
Guiyang | /foŋ⁵⁵/ | |
Kunming | /foŋ⁴⁴/ | |
Nanjing | /fən³¹/ | |
Hefei | /fəŋ²¹/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /fəŋ¹¹/ |
Pingyao | /xuŋ¹³/ | |
Hohhot | /fə̃ŋ³¹/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /foŋ⁵³/ |
Suzhou | /foŋ⁵⁵/ | |
Hangzhou | /foŋ³³/ | |
Wenzhou | /hoŋ³³/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /fʌ̃³¹/ |
Tunxi | /fan¹¹/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /xoŋ³³/ |
Xiangtan | /ɸən³³/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /fuŋ⁴²/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /fuŋ⁴⁴/ |
Taoyuan | /fuŋ²⁴/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /foŋ⁵³/ |
Nanning | /fuŋ⁵⁵/ | |
Hong Kong | /fuŋ⁵⁵/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /hɔŋ⁵⁵/ |
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /huŋ⁴⁴/ | |
Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /xɔŋ⁵⁴/ | |
Shantou (Teochew) | /hoŋ³³/ /huaŋ³³/ | |
Haikou (Hainanese) | /foŋ²³/ /ʔbaŋ²³/ |
- Middle Chinese: pjowng, pjowngH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*p(r)oŋ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*poŋ/, /*poŋs/
Definitions
- to close; to seal; to bind
- to block (a website, a person on the Internet, etc.); to censor
- envelope; letter
- cover of a book
- feudal; feudalism
- to blacklist; to force out
- (of emperors) to worship heaven
- Classifier for envelopes, letters and mail.
- a surname
- to enfeoff
Compounds
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Japanese
Kanji
封
Readings
Korean
Hanja
封 • (bong) (hangeul 봉, revised bong, McCune–Reischauer pong)
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.
Vietnamese
Han character
(deprecated template usage) 封 (phong)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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.
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