彷徨

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See also: 徬徨

Chinese

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phonetic
simp. and trad.
(彷徨) 		彷 徨
alternative forms 旁皇
傍偟
徬徨
房皇
仿偟

Etymology

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character 彷 徨
Reading # 1/2 1/1
Initial (聲) 並 (3) 匣 (33)
Final (韻) 唐 (101) 唐 (102)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Closed
Division (等) I I
Fanqie 步光切 胡光切
Baxter bang hwang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/bɑŋ/ /ɦwɑŋ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/bɑŋ/ /ɦʷɑŋ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/bɑŋ/ /ɣuɑŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/baŋ/ /ɦwaŋ/
Li
Rong 		/bɑŋ/ /ɣuɑŋ/
Wang
Li 		/bɑŋ/ /ɣuɑŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/bʱɑŋ/ /ɣwɑŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		páng huáng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		pong4 wong4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 彷 徨
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		páng huáng
Middle
Chinese 		‹ bang › ‹ hwang ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[b]ˁaŋ/ /*[ɢ]ʷˁaŋ/
English bang-hwang hestitate 彷徨 bang.hwang hesitate

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 彷 徨
Reading # 1/2 1/1
No. 3000 12706
Phonetic
component 		方 王
Rime
group 		陽 陽
Rime
subdivision 		0 0
Corresponding
MC rime 		傍 黃
Old
Chinese 		/*baːŋ/ /*ɡʷaːŋ/
Notes 見莊子 見揚雄賦

Verb

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彷徨

  1. to walk back and forth; to roam around
  2. (figurative) to hesitate; to be irresolute; to be indecisive; to pause
  3. (literary, of wind) to revolve; to go round; to spiral

Synonyms

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  • (to walk back and forth):
edit
  • (to hesitate):
edit

Derived terms

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Japanese

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Kanji in this term
彷 徨
ほう
Hyōgai 		こう
Hyōgai
on'yomi

Pronunciation

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Noun

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彷(ほう)徨(こう) • (hōkō) ←はうくわう (faukwau)?

  1. wandering, roaming

Verb

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彷(ほう)徨(こう)する • (hōkō suru) intransitive suru (stem 彷(ほう)徨(こう)し (hōkō shi), past 彷(ほう)徨(こう)した (hōkō shita))

  1. wander, rove, ramble

Conjugation

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Conjugation of "彷徨する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 彷徨し ほうこうし hōkō shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 彷徨し ほうこうし hōkō shi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 彷徨する ほうこうする hōkō suru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 彷徨する ほうこうする hōkō suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 彷徨すれ ほうこうすれ hōkō sure
Meireikei ("imperative") 彷徨せよ¹
彷徨しろ² 		ほうこうせよ¹
ほうこうしろ² 		hōkō seyo¹
hōkō shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 彷徨される ほうこうされる hōkō sareru
Causative 彷徨させる
彷徨さす 		ほうこうさせる
ほうこうさす 		hōkō saseru
hōkō sasu
Potential 彷徨できる ほうこうできる hōkō dekiru
Volitional 彷徨しよう ほうこうしよう hōkō shiyō
Negative 彷徨しない ほうこうしない hōkō shinai
Negative continuative 彷徨せず ほうこうせず hōkō sezu
Formal 彷徨します ほうこうします hōkō shimasu
Perfective 彷徨した ほうこうした hōkō shita
Conjunctive 彷徨して ほうこうして hōkō shite
Hypothetical conditional 彷徨すれば ほうこうすれば hōkō sureba
¹ Written imperative

² Spoken imperative

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  3. ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

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Hanja in this term
彷徨

Noun

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彷徨 • (banghwang) (hangeul 방황)

  1. hanja form? of 방황 (“wandering”)

Vietnamese

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chữ Hán Nôm in this term
彷徨

Adjective

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彷徨

  1. chữ Hán form of bàng hoàng (“stunned; stupefied; dumbfounded”).
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