湊

See also: 凑 and 溱

湊 U+6E4A, 湊 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6E4A ← 湉 [U+6E49] CJK Unified Ideographs 湋 → [U+6E4B]

Translingual

Han character

湊 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 水手大大 (EQKK), four-corner 3513₄, composition ⿰氵奏)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 636, character 22
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17822
• Dae Jaweon: page 1043, character 20
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1666, character 9
• Unihan data for U+6E4A

Chinese

trad.		湊/凑
simp.		凑

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 湊
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (奏) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
奏	*ʔsoːs
凑	*sʰoːs
腠	*sʰoːs
輳	*sʰoːs
楱	*sʰoːs, *zoːs
湊	*sʰoːs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *sʰoːs): semantic 氵 + phonetic 奏 (OC *ʔsoːs).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): còu (cou⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄘㄡˋ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): cou⁴

  (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): cōu

  (Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): cōu

  (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): цу (cu, III)

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): cau³

  (Dongguan, Jyutping++): caau³

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): ceu¹

  (Yangjiang, Jyutping++): zau³

• Gan (Wiktionary): ceu³
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): chheu

  (Hailu, HRS): ceu^ˇ

  (Meixian, Guangdong): cêu⁴

• Jin (Wiktionary): cou³
• Northern Min (KCR): chē
• Eastern Min (BUC): cháiu
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): cao⁴
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chhàu / chhò / chhò͘

  (Teochew, Peng'im): cou³

  (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): ceu³

• Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): ceu³
• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵tsheu
• Xiang

  (Changsha, Wiktionary): cou⁴

  (Loudi, Wiktionary): ce⁴ / qieu⁴

  (Hengyang, Wiktionary): cou⁴

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: còu
    • Zhuyin: ㄘㄡˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: còu
    • Wade–Giles: tsʻou⁴
    • Yale: tsòu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsow
    • Palladius: цоу (cou)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰoʊ̯⁵¹/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: cou⁴
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: cou
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰəu²¹³/
  • (Xi'an)
    • Guanzhong Pinyin: cōu
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɤu⁵⁵/
  • (Nanjing)
    • Nanjing Pinyin: cōu
    • Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): cou⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰəɯ⁴⁴/
  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: цу (cu, III)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰou⁴⁴/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: cau³
    • Yale: chau
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsau³
    • Guangdong Romanization: ceo³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɐu̯³³/
  • (Dongguan, Guancheng)
    • Jyutping++: caau³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰau³²/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: ceu¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰeu³³/
  • (Yangjiang Yue, Jiangcheng)
    • Jyutping++: zau³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ʃɐu²⁴/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: ceu³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɛu²¹³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chheu
    • Hakka Romanization System: ceu
    • Hagfa Pinyim: ceu⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰeu̯⁵⁵/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: ceu^ˇ
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰeu¹¹/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: cêu⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰeu⁵³/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: cou³
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡sʰəu⁴⁵/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: chē
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰe⁵⁵/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: cháiu
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɑu²¹³/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian, Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: cao⁴
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: cha̍u
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰau⁴²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhàu
    • Tâi-lô: tshàu
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zhaux
    • Sinological IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰau¹¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰau⁴¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰau²¹/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhò
    • Tâi-lô: tshò
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zhoix
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰo⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhò͘
    • Tâi-lô: tshòo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zhox
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰɔ²¹/

Note:

• chhàu - vernacular;
• chhò/chhò͘ - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: cou³
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshòu
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰou²¹³/
• (Leizhou)
  • Leizhou Pinyin: ceu³
  • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰɛu²¹/
• Southern Pinghua
  • (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
    • Jyutping++: ceu³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰeu⁵⁵/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁵tsheu
    • MiniDict: tsheu^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²tsheu
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sʰɤ³⁴/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: cou⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰəu̯⁴⁵/
  • (Loudi)
    • Wiktionary: ce⁴ / qieu⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰe̞³⁵/, /t͡ɕʰi̯ɤ³⁵/
  • (Hengyang)
    • Wiktionary: cou⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɘu̯³²⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: tshuwH

Rime
Character	湊
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	清 (14)
Final (韻)	侯 (137)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	倉奏切
Baxter	tshuwH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sʰəuH/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sʰəuH/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sʰəuH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sʰəwH/
Li Rong	/t͡sʰuH/
Wang Li	/t͡sʰəuH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡sʰə̯uH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	còu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	cau3

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*sʰoːs/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	湊
Reading #	1/1
No.	17913
Phonetic component	奏
Rime group	侯
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	輳
Old Chinese	/*sʰoːs/

Definitions

湊

1. to gather together; to assemble
2. to approach; to come closer; to draw near
3. to be close; to be near
4. to happen by chance
5. (Cantonese) to look after; to babysit

   我係阿婆湊大。 [Cantonese, trad.]
   我系阿婆凑大。 [Cantonese, simp.]

   ngo⁵ hai⁶ aa³ po⁴ cau³ daai⁶. [Jyutping]

   I was raised by my grandma.

Synonyms

• (to gather together):

edit

• 允集 (yǔnjí) (literary)
• 匯 / 汇 (huì)
• 匯總 / 汇总 (huìzǒng)
• 匯聚 / 汇聚 (huìjù)
• 匯集 / 汇集 (huìjí)
• 叢集 / 丛集 (cóngjí)
• 團聚 / 团聚 (tuánjù)
• 坌集 (bènjí) (literary)
• 委會 / 委会 (wěihuì) (literary)
• 密集 (mìjí)
• 彙集 / 汇集 (huìjí)
• 徵集 / 征集 (zhēngjí)
• 採 / 采 (cǎi)
• 採擷 / 采撷 (literary)
• 採集 / 采集 (cǎijí)
• 搜羅 / 搜罗 (sōuluó)
• 搜集 (sōují)
• 摟 / 搂 (lōu)
• 攏 / 拢 (lǒng)
• 攢 / 攒 (cuán)
• 攢聚 / 攒聚 (cuánjù)
• 攢集 / 攒集 (cuánjí)
• 收羅 / 收罗 (shōuluó)
• 收錄 / 收录 (shōulù)
• 收集 (shōují)
• 會合 / 会合 (huìhé)
• 會聚 / 会聚 (huìjù)
• 會集 / 会集 (huìjí)
• 湊集 / 凑集 (còují)
• 相聚 (xiāngjù)
• 籌集 / 筹集 (chóují)
• 糾合 / 纠合 (jiūhé) (literary)
• 糾集 / 纠集 (jiūjí) (derogatory)
• 群集 (qúnjí)
• 聚 (jù)
• 聚合 (jùhé)
• 聚攏 / 聚拢 (jùlǒng)
• 聚斂 / 聚敛 (jùliǎn)
• 聚會 / 聚会 (jùhuì)
• 聚集 (jùjí)
• 聚首 (jùshǒu) (formal, usually of leaders, important figures)
• 蒐集 (sōují)
• 薈萃 / 荟萃 (huìcuì) (literary)
• 蝟集 / 猬集 (wèijí) (literary)
• 調集 / 调集 (diàojí)
• 集 (jí) (literary, or in compounds)
• 集中 (jízhōng)
• 集合 (jíhé)
• 集會 / 集会 (jíhuì)
• 集結 / 集结 (jíjié)
• 麇集 (qúnjí) (literary)

• (to approach):

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• 促倚 (Hokkien)
• 促近 (Hokkien)
• 守 (shǒu)
• 挨 (āi)
• 挨著 / 挨着 (āizhe)
• 接觸 / 接触 (jiēchù)
• 搭倚 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
• 攏 / 拢 (lǒng) (literary, or in compounds)
• 攏邊 / 拢边 (long³ bienn¹) (Xiang)
• 沾
• 涉獵 / 涉猎 (shèliè)
• 觸及 / 触及 (chùjí)
• 近前 (jìnqián) (literary)
• 銜倚 / 衔倚 (Xiamen Hokkien, Quanzhou Hokkien)
• 靠倚 (Hokkien)
• 靠攏 / 靠拢 (kàolǒng)
• 靠近 (kàojìn)

• (to be close):

edit

• 倚近 (Hokkien)
• 傍依 (bàngyī)
• 傍邊 / 傍边 (bàngbiān) (colloquial)
• 向邇 / 向迩 (xiàng'ěr) (literary)
• 把 (colloquial)
• 挨近 (āijìn)
• 挨邊 / 挨边 (āibiān) (colloquial, to be close to an age or number)
• 接 (jiē)
• 接近 (jiējìn)
• 擦 (cā)
• 比鄰 / 比邻 (bǐlín) (literary)
• 瀕於 / 濒于 (bīnyú) (of something undesirable)
• 瀕臨 / 濒临 (bīnlín)
• 相倚 (Hokkien)
• 相鄰 / 相邻 (xiānglín)
• 臨近 / 临近 (línjìn)
• 親近 / 亲近 (qīnjìn)
• 近倚 (Hokkien)
• 鄰近 / 邻近 (línjìn)
• 附 (fù)
• 靠近 (kàojìn)

References

• “湊”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

湊

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

1. port, harbor
2. to gather together, to congregate

Readings

• Go-on: す (su)
• Kan-on: そう (sō)^{←そう (sou, historical)}
• Kun: みなと (minato, 湊)、あつまる (atsumaru, 湊まる)

Proper noun

湊(みなと) • (Minato) 

1. a surname

References

• “^▲湊”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[2] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Hanja

湊 (eum 주 (ju))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

湊: Hán Nôm readings: tấu

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation