福
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Translingual
Han character
福 (Kangxi radical 113, 示+9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 戈火一口田 (IFMRW), four-corner 31266, composition ⿰礻畐(GHTJV) or ⿰示畐(K))
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 845, character 2
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24768
- Dae Jaweon: page 1265, character 23
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2404, character 3
- Unihan data for U+798F
Chinese
simp. and trad. |
福 |
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Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 福 | |||
---|---|---|---|
Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *pɯɡ) : semantic 示 + phonetic 畐 (OC *pʰrɯɡ, *bɯɡ).
Etymology
Sino-Tibetan. Cognate with 富 (OC *pɯɡs, “rich”), Tibetan ཕྱུགས (phyugs, “livestock”).
Pronunciation 1
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Definitions
- blessing; happiness; prosperity
- good fortune
- Short for 福建 (Fújiàn, “Fujian”).
- a surname Fu.
Synonyms
- (blessing): 幸福 (xìngfú)
- (good fortune):
Antonyms
Descendants
Compounds
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Pronunciation 2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄈㄨˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: fù
- Wade–Giles: fu4
- Yale: fù
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fuh
- Palladius: фу (fu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /fu⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: fu3
- Yale: fu
- Cantonese Pinyin: fu3
- Guangdong Romanization: fu3
- Sinological IPA (key): /fuː³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Middle Chinese: phjuwH
Definitions
Japanese
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Kanji
(Third grade kyōiku kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 福)
Readings
- Go-on: ふく (fuku, Jōyō)
- Kan-on: ふく (fuku, Jōyō)
- Kun: さいわい (saiwai, 福い)←さいはひ (saifafi, 福ひ, historical)
- Nanori: さき (saki); さち (sachi); たる (taru); とし (toshi); とみ (tomi); ふ (fu); ふき (fuki); ぼく (boku); むら (mura); もと (moto); よ (yo); よし (yoshi)
Compounds
- 福祉 (fukushi)
- 福相 (fukusō)
- 福徳 (fukutoku)
- 福利 (fukuri)
- 福禄 (fukuroku)
- 福禄寿 (Fukurokuju): Fukurokuju; one of the seven gods of good fortune
- 禍福 (kafuku)
- 幸福 (kōfuku, “happiness”)
- 至福 (shifuku)
- 祝福 (shukufuku)
- 浄福 (jōfuku)
- 清福 (seifuku)
- 多福 (tafuku)
- 追福 (tsuifuku)
- 万福 (banpuku), 万福 (manpuku)
- 冥福 (myōfuku), 冥福 (meifuku)
- 裕福 (yūfuku)
Etymology
Kanji in this term |
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福 |
ふく Grade: 3 |
on'yomi |
Alternative spelling |
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福 (kyūjitai) |
From Middle Chinese 福 (MC pjuwk).
Pronunciation
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Noun
Derived terms
Adjectival noun
福 • (fuku) -na (adnominal 福な (fuku na), adverbial 福に (fuku ni))
Inflection
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Imperfective (未然形) | 福だろ | ふくだろ | fuku daro |
Continuative (連用形) | 福で | ふくで | fuku de |
Terminal (終止形) | 福だ | ふくだ | fuku da |
Attributive (連体形) | 福な | ふくな | fuku na |
Hypothetical (仮定形) | 福なら | ふくなら | fuku nara |
Imperative (命令形) | 福であれ | ふくであれ | fuku de are |
Key constructions | |||
Informal negative | 福ではない 福じゃない |
ふくではない ふくじゃない |
fuku de wa nai fuku ja nai |
Informal past | 福だった | ふくだった | fuku datta |
Informal negative past | 福ではなかった 福じゃなかった |
ふくではなかった ふくじゃなかった |
fuku de wa nakatta fuku ja nakatta |
Formal | 福です | ふくです | fuku desu |
Formal negative | 福ではありません 福じゃありません |
ふくではありません ふくじゃありません |
fuku de wa arimasen fuku ja arimasen |
Formal past | 福でした | ふくでした | fuku deshita |
Formal negative past | 福ではありませんでした 福じゃありませんでした |
ふくではありませんでした ふくじゃありませんでした |
fuku de wa arimasen deshita fuku ja arimasen deshita |
Conjunctive | 福で | ふくで | fuku de |
Conditional | 福なら(ば) | ふくなら(ば) | fuku nara (ba) |
Provisional | 福だったら | ふくだったら | fuku dattara |
Volitional | 福だろう | ふくだろう | fuku darō |
Adverbial | 福に | ふくに | fuku ni |
Degree | 福さ | ふくさ | fukusa |
Proper noun
- a placename
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- a female given name
References
Korean
Hanja
福 (eum 복 (bok))
Vietnamese
Han character
(deprecated template usage) 福 (phúc, phước)
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- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading ふく
- Japanese kanji with kun reading さいわ・い
- Japanese kanji with historical kun reading さいは・ひ
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading さき
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading さち
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading たる
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading とし
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading とみ
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- Japanese kanji with nanori reading ぼく
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading むら
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading もと
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading よ
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