純

See also: 纯

Translingual

Han character

純 (Kangxi radical 120, 糸+4, 10 strokes, cangjie input 女火心山 (VFPU), four-corner 2591₇, composition ⿰糸屯)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 917, character 6
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27277
• Dae Jaweon: page 1346, character 11
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3371, character 4
• Unihan data for U+7D14

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Chinese

trad.		純
simp.		纯
alternative forms		𠄤

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 純
Western Zhou	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (屯) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
躉	*tuːnʔ
窀	*rduːn, *duːn, *tun
沌	*donʔ, *duːn, *duːnʔ
盹	*tuːnʔ, *tjuns
頓	*tuːns
扽	*tuːns
黗	*tʰuːn, *tʰuːnʔ
吨	*tʰuːnʔ
屯	*duːn, *tun
飩	*duːn
豘	*duːn
軘	*duːn
坉	*duːn
邨	*duːn, *stʰuːn
忳	*duːn
芚	*duːn
庉	*duːn, *duːnʔ
囤	*duːnʔ
迍	*tun
杶	*tʰun
瑃	*tʰun
椿	*tʰun
偆	*tʰunʔ, *tʰjunʔ
肫	*tjun
訰	*tjun, *tjuns
純	*tjunʔ, *djun
春	*tʰjun
蠢	*tʰjunʔ
踳	*tʰjunʔ
惷	*tʰjunʔ
蒓	*djun
賰	*hljunʔ
鬊	*hljuns

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): chún (chun²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄔㄨㄣˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): seon⁴
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): sùn

  (Meixian, Guangdong): sun²

• Northern Min (KCR): sě̤ng
• Eastern Min (BUC): sùng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): sûn

  (Teochew, Peng'im): sung⁵

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: chún
    • Zhuyin: ㄔㄨㄣˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: chún
    • Wade–Giles: chʻun²
    • Yale: chwún
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chwen
    • Palladius: чунь (čunʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ən³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: seon⁴
    • Yale: sèuhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: soen⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: sên⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɵn²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sùn
    • Hakka Romanization System: sunˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: sun²
    • Sinological IPA: /sun¹¹/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: sun²
    • Sinological IPA: /sun¹¹/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: sě̤ng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sœyŋ²¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: sùng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /suŋ⁵³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sûn
    • Tâi-lô: sûn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: suun
    • IPA (Xiamen): /sun²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /sun²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /sun¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /sun²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /sun²³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: sung⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sûng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /suŋ⁵⁵/

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• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 純
Mandarin	Beijing	/ʈ͡ʂʰuən³⁵/
	Harbin	/ʈ͡ʂʰuən²⁴/
	Tianjin	/ʈ͡ʂʰuən⁴⁵/ /t͡sʰuən⁴⁵/
	Jinan	/ʈ͡ʂʰuẽ⁴²/
	Qingdao	/ʈ͡ʂʰuə̃⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/ʈ͡ʂʰuən⁴²/
	Xi'an	/p͡fʰẽ²¹/
	Xining	/ʈ͡ʂʰuə̃²⁴/
	Yinchuan	/ʈ͡ʂʰuŋ⁵³/ /ʂuŋ⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/p͡fʰə̃n⁵³/
	Ürümqi	/ʈ͡ʂʰuŋ⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/ɕyn²¹³/
	Chengdu	/suən³¹/
	Guiyang	/suen²¹/
	Kunming	/ʂuə̃¹/
	Nanjing	/ʂun²⁴/
	Hefei	/ʂuən⁵⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/t͡sʰuəŋ¹¹/
	Pingyao	/t͡sʰuŋ¹³/ /suŋ¹³/
	Hohhot	/t͡sʰũŋ³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/zəŋ²³/
	Suzhou	/zən¹³/
	Hangzhou	/d͡zen²¹³/
	Wenzhou	/zoŋ³¹/
Hui	Shexian	/ɕyʌ̃⁴⁴/
	Tunxi	/ɕyan⁴⁴/
Xiang	Changsha	/ɕyn¹³/
	Xiangtan	/ɕyn¹²/
Gan	Nanchang	/sun⁴⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/sun¹¹/
	Taoyuan	/sun¹¹/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/søn²¹/
	Nanning	/syn²¹/
	Hong Kong	/søn²¹/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/sun³⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/suŋ⁵³/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/sœyŋ²¹/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/suŋ⁵⁵/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/tun³¹/

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• Middle Chinese: dzywin

Rime
Character	純
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	常 (25)
Final (韻)	諄 (47)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	常倫切
Baxter	dzywin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡ʑiuɪn/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡ʑʷin/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡ʑjuen/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡ʑwin/
Li Rong	/ʑiuĕn/
Wang Li	/ʑĭuĕn/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʑi̯uĕn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	chún
Expected Cantonese Reflex	seon4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[d]u[n]/

  (Zhengzhang): /*djun/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	純	純
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	chún	chún
Middle Chinese	‹ dzywin ›	‹ dzywin ›
Old Chinese	/*[d]u[n]/	/*[d]u[n]/
English	pure, unmixed	silken
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	純
Reading #	2/2
No.	12578
Phonetic component	屯
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	純
Old Chinese	/*djun/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 純

1. pure, clean, simple

Compounds

(deprecated template usage)

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zhǔn (zhun³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄓㄨㄣˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zeon²

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhǔn
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄣˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhǔn
    • Wade–Giles: chun³
    • Yale: jwǔn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: joen
    • Palladius: чжунь (čžunʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂu̯ən²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zeon²
    • Yale: jéun
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzoen²
    • Guangdong Romanization: zên²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɵn³⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: tsywinX

Rime
Character	純
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	諄 (47)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	之尹切
Baxter	tsywinX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕiuɪnX/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕʷinX/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕjuenX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cwinX/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕiuĕnX/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭuĕnX/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi̯uĕnX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhǔn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zeon2

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*tjunʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	純
Reading #	1/2
No.	12570
Phonetic component	屯
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	準
Old Chinese	/*tjunʔ/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 純

1. (Classical) border of a piece of clothing

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): tún (tun²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄊㄨㄣˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): tyun⁴

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: tún
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄨㄣˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: tún
    • Wade–Giles: tʻun²
    • Yale: twún
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: twen
    • Palladius: тунь (tunʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰu̯ən³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: tyun⁴
    • Yale: tyùhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tyn⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: tün⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰyːn²¹/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 純

1. (Classical) Classifier for a section of cloth.

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Japanese

Kanji

純

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: じゅん (jun, Jōyō); しゅん (shun)
• Kan-on: しゅん (shun)
• On: とん (ton)
• Kun: きいと (kiito, 純); きよ (kiyo); すみ (sumi)

Compounds

Derived terms

• 純益
• 純(じゅん)金(きん) (junkin)
• 純潔
• 純情
• 純真
• 純粋

• 純正
• 純度
• 純白
• 純(じゅん)米(まい)酒(しゅ) (junmaishu)
• 至純
• 清純
• 単純

Adjectival noun

純(じゅん) • (jun) -na (adnominal 純(じゅん)な (jun na), adverbial 純(じゅん)に (jun ni))

1. innocent

Inflection

Inflection of 純

Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	純だろ	じゅんだろ	jun daro
Continuative (連用形)	純で	じゅんで	jun de
Terminal (終止形)	純だ	じゅんだ	jun da
Attributive (連体形)	純な	じゅんな	jun na
Hypothetical (仮定形)	純なら	じゅんなら	jun nara
Imperative (命令形)	純であれ	じゅんであれ	jun de are
Key constructions
Informal negative	純ではない 純じゃない	じゅんではない じゅんじゃない	jun de wa nai jun ja nai
Informal past	純だった	じゅんだった	jun datta
Informal negative past	純ではなかった 純じゃなかった	じゅんではなかった じゅんじゃなかった	jun de wa nakatta jun ja nakatta
Formal	純です	じゅんです	jun desu
Formal negative	純ではありません 純じゃありません	じゅんではありません じゅんじゃありません	jun de wa arimasen jun ja arimasen
Formal past	純でした	じゅんでした	jun deshita
Formal negative past	純ではありませんでした 純じゃありませんでした	じゅんではありませんでした じゅんじゃありませんでした	jun de wa arimasen deshita jun ja arimasen deshita
Conjunctive	純で	じゅんで	jun de
Conditional	純なら（ば）	じゅんなら（ば）	jun nara (ba)
Provisional	純だったら	じゅんだったら	jun dattara
Volitional	純だろう	じゅんだろう	jun darō
Adverbial	純に	じゅんに	jun ni
Degree	純さ	じゅんさ	junsa

Prefix

純(じゅん) • (jun-) 

1. pure

Proper noun

Kanji in this term
純
あつし Grade: 6

純(あつし) • (Atsushi) 

1. a male given name

Kanji in this term
純
じゅん Grade: 6
on'yomi

純(じゅん) • (Jun) 

1. a male given name

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Korean

Hanja

純 • (sun, jun, jeon, don, chi) (hangeul 순, 준, 전, 돈, 치)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 純 (thuần, chuẩn, đồn, truy, luồn)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.