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Undo revision 49547937 by Lucarubis (talk) -- slashes show broader /phonemic/ transcription, not the stricter [phonetic] transcription given in the pronunciation section
Tag: Undo
→‎Japanese: Expanding, more expansion needed
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{{ja-kanji|grade=3|rs=木10|kyu=樣}}
{{ja-kanji|grade=3|rs=木10|kyu=樣}}


# [[sir]], [[madam]] (more respectful than [[Mr.]], [[Ms]], [[Mrs.]], [[Miss]])
# [[certain]] [[form]] or [[way]]
# [[condition]], [[state]]
# [[design]], [[pattern]]
# {{n-g|indicates [[humble]]ness or [[polite]]ness}}


====Readings====
====Readings====
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|goon=よう<やう
|goon=よう<やう
|kanon=よう<やう
|kanon=よう<やう
|kanyoon=しょう<しやう
|kun=さま-
|kun=さま-
}}
As variant ''kanji'' of {{ja-l|橡}}:
{{ja-readings
|goon=ぞう<ざう
|kanon=しょう<しやう
|kun=くぬぎ-, とち-
}}
}}

====Usage notes====
When written in {{m|ja|草体|tr=sōtai||highly-[[cursive]]}} style, this ''kanji'' form is called {{m|ja|平様|tr=hira-zama|lit=[[common]] [[form]]}} to distinguish from the ''kyūjitai'' form {{m|ja|永様|tr=ei-sama|lit={{ja-l|永}}-form}}, and its variant froms {{m|ja|次様|tr=tsugi-zama|pos=for {{ja-l|檨}}|lit={{ja-l|次}}-form}} and {{m|ja|美様|tr=bi-zama|pos=for {{ja-l|𣖙}}|lit={{ja-l|美}}-form}}.


===Etymology 1===
===Etymology 1===
<div style="float:right;">
{{wikipedia|lang=ja}}
{{wikipedia|Japanese honorifics}}
</div>
{{ja-kanjitab|yomi=o|よう}}
{{ja-kanjitab|yomi=o|よう}}


{{IPAchar|/jau/}} → {{IPAchar|/jɔː/}} → {{IPAchar|/joː/}}
{{IPAchar|/jɨau/}} → {{IPAchar|/jɔː/}} → {{IPAchar|/joː/}}


From {{etyl|ltc|ja|sort=よう}} {{m|zh|樣|tr=iɑ̀ng?||shape, style, pattern}}.
From {{bor|ja|ltc|sort=よう|-}} {{ltc-l|樣|tr=*jɨɐŋ<sup>H</sup>}}.


====Pronunciation====
====Pronunciation====
{{ja-pron|yomi=goon|よう|acc=1|acc_ref=DJR}}
{{ja-pron|y=o|よう|acc=1|acc_ref=DJR}}


====Noun====
====Noun====
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# [[way]], [[style]], [[appearance]]
# [[way]], [[style]], [[appearance]]

=====Derived terms=====
{{der-top}}
* {{ja-r|様式|ようしき}}
* {{ja-r|様子|ようす}}
* {{ja-r|様相|ようそう}}
* {{ja-r|様態|ようたい}}
* {{ja-r|模様|もよう}}
{{der-bottom}}


====Adjective====
====Adjective====
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# be [[like]], look like, seem like, [[as if]], having the likeness of
# be [[like]], look like, seem like, [[as if]], having the likeness of
#: {{ja-usex|まるで夢を見ている'''様'''だ。|^まる で ゆめ を みて いる '''よう''' だ。|It felt '''as if''' I were dreaming.}}
#: {{ja-usex|まるで夢を見ている'''様'''だ。|^まる で ゆめ を みて いる '''よう''' だ。|It felt '''as if''' I were dreaming.}}
# {{lb|ja|as {{ja-r|様に|よう に}}}} I [[hope]]; I [[pray]]; [[may]]
# {{lb|ja|as {{m|ja|様に|tr=yō ni}}}} I [[hope]]; I [[pray]]; [[may]]
#: {{ja-usex|成%功します'''ように'''。|せい%こう します '''よう に'''。|'''I wish''' [myself/you] success.}}
#: {{ja-usex|成%功します'''ように'''。|せい%こう します '''よう に'''。|'''I wish''' [myself/you] success.}}


Line 78: Line 94:
=====Usage notes=====
=====Usage notes=====
* In contemporary Japanese, this term is often written in hiragana.
* In contemporary Japanese, this term is often written in hiragana.
* Traditional Japanese grammar analyzes this term as a {{l|ja|助動詞|tr=jodōshi|t=auxiliary verb}}, {{m|ja|ようだ|tr=yō da}}, from the noun {{m|ja|様|tr=yō}} and the auxiliary verb {{m|ja|だ}}.
* Traditional Japanese grammar analyzes this term as a {{m|ja|助動詞|tr=jodōshi||auxiliary verb}}, {{m|ja|ようだ|tr=yō da}}, from the noun {{m|ja|様|tr=yō}} and the auxiliary verb {{m|ja|だ}}.

=====Derived terms=====
{{der-top}}
* {{ja-r|様々|ようよう|rom=-}}, {{ja-r|様様|ようよう}}
* {{ja-r|ようだ|yō da}}
* {{ja-r|異様|いよう}}
* {{ja-r|如何様|いかよう}}
* {{ja-r|一様|いちよう}}
* {{ja-r|今様|いまよう}}
* {{ja-r|大様|おおよう}}
* {{ja-r|各様|かくよう}}
* {{ja-r|唐様|からよう}}
* {{ja-r|異様|ことよう}}
* {{ja-r|左様|さよう|rom=-}}, {{ja-r|然様|さよう}}
* {{ja-r|多様|たよう}}
* {{ja-r|体様|たいよう|rom=-}}, {{ja-r|態様|たいよう}}
* {{ja-r|同様|どうよう}}
* {{ja-r|何様|なによう}}
* {{ja-r|一様|ひとよう}}
* {{ja-r|文様|もんよう}}
* {{ja-r|和様|わよう}}
{{der-bottom}}

====Proper nonun====
{{ja-pos|proper|よう|hhira=やう|kyu=樣}}

# {{given name|female|lang=ja|A=a|nodot=1|sort=よう}}


===Etymology 2===
===Etymology 2===
<div style="float:right;">
{{wp|lang=ja}}
{{wp|Japanese honorifics}}
</div>
{{ja-kanjitab|yomi=k|さま}}
{{ja-kanjitab|yomi=k|さま}}


From {{etyl|ojp|ja|sort=さま}}. Originally a compound of {{compound|lang=ja|sort=さま|さ|tr1=sa|t1=that|pos1=pronominal indicating a person, place, thing, or direction in the middle distance|ま|tr2=ma|t2=likeness, way, similarity|pos2=suffix indicating a quality}}.<ref name="KDJ">{{R:Kokugo Dai Jiten}}</ref>
From {{bor|ja|ojp|sort=さま|-}}. Originally a compound of {{compound|lang=ja|sort=さま|さ|tr1=sa|t1=that|pos1=pronominal indicating a person, place, thing, or direction in the middle distance|ま|tr2=ma|t2=likeness, way, similarity|pos2=suffix indicating a quality}}.<ref name="KDJ">{{R:Kokugo Dai Jiten}}</ref>


====Pronunciation====
====Pronunciation====
Line 96: Line 143:
{{ja-noun|さま|kyu=樣}}
{{ja-noun|さま|kyu=樣}}


# a person's [[appearance]] {{qualifier|as of body, or style, or face, etc.}}
# a [[person]]'s [[appearance]] {{qualifier|as of [[body]], or [[style]], or [[face]], etc.}}
# the [[state]] or [[situation]] of a thing
# the [[state]] or [[situation]] of a thing
#: {{ja-usex|鋭敏。感覚が鋭いこと。また、その'''さま'''。|えいびん。かんかく が するどい こと。また、その '''さま'''。|''Eibin.'' For the senses to be sharp. Or, '''the state''' of being such.|ref=[https://ja.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E9%8B%AD%E6%95%8F]}}
#: {{ja-usex|鋭敏。感覚が鋭いこと。また、その'''さま'''。|えいびん。かんかく が するどい こと。また、その '''さま'''。|''Eibin.'' For the senses to be sharp. Or, '''the state''' of being such.|ref=[https://ja.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E9%8B%AD%E6%95%8F]}}
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# the [[way]] or [[means]] of doing something, [[how]] one does something
# the [[way]] or [[means]] of doing something, [[how]] one does something
# the [[reason]] or [[circumstances]] for something
# the [[reason]] or [[circumstances]] for something

=====Derived terms=====
{{der-top}}
* {{ja-r|様々|さまざま|rom=-}}, {{ja-r|様様|さまざま}}
* {{ja-r|有様|ありさま|rom=-}}, {{ja-r|有り様|ありさま}}
* {{ja-r|如何%様|いか%さま}}
* {{ja-r|永様|えい-さま}}
* {{ja-r|お互い様|おたがいさま}}, {{ja-r|御%互い様|お%たがいさま}}
* {{ja-r|御%馳走%様|ご%-ちそう%さま}}
* {{ja-r|異様|ことざま}}
* {{ja-r|逆様|さかさま|rom=-}}, {{ja-r|倒|さかさま}}
* {{ja-r|次様|つぎ-ざま}}
* {{ja-r|続け様|つづけざま}}
* {{ja-r|外%様|と%ざま}}
* {{ja-r|何様|なにさま}}
* {{ja-r|美%様|び%-ざま}}
* {{ja-r|平様|ひら-ざま}}
* {{ja-r|外様|ほかざま}}, {{ja-r|外様|ほかさま}}
* {{ja-r|皆様|みなさま}}
* {{ja-r|横様|よこさま}}
{{der-bottom}}


====Pronoun====
====Pronoun====
{{ja-pos|pronoun|さま|kyu=樣}}
{{ja-pos|pronoun|さま|kyu=樣}}


# {{lb|ja|sort=さま|archaic|honorific}} {{n-g|second-person pronoun:}} [[you]], [[you all]]
# {{lb|ja|sort=さま|archaic|honorific}} {{n-g|[[second-person]] pronoun}}: [[you]], [[you all]]
# {{lb|ja|sort=さま|archaic|honorific}} {{n-g|third-person distal pronoun:}} [[he]], [[she]], [[they]] {{qualifier|distant from both speaker and listener}}
# {{lb|ja|archaic|honorific}} {{n-g|[[third-person]] [[distal]] pronoun}}: [[he]], [[she]], [[they]] {{qualifier|distant from both speaker and listener}}


=====Usage notes=====
=====Usage notes=====
Used primarily by women of the [[red-light district]]s of the {{w|Edo period}}.<ref name="KDJ">{{R:Kokugo Dai Jiten}}</ref>
Used primarily by women of the [[red-light district]]s of the {{w|Edo period}}.<ref name="KDJ"/>


The pronoun senses have largely fallen into disuse. These originated as [[abbreviation]]s of longer forms {{m|ja|君様|tr=kimisama|lit=lord + that way}}, {{m|ja|方様|tr=katasama|lit=that side + that way}}, or {{m|ja|貴様|tr=kisama|lit=noble + that way}}, with the ''-sama'' suffix (see below) developing into an independent use.
The pronoun senses have largely fallen into disuse. These originated as [[abbreviation]]s of longer forms {{m|ja|君様|tr=kimisama|lit=lord + that way}}, {{m|ja|方様|tr=katasama|lit=that side + that way}}, or {{m|ja|貴様|tr=kisama|lit=noble + that way}}, with the ''-sama'' suffix (see below) developing into an independent use.
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{{ja-pos|さま|suffix|ざま|kyu=樣}}
{{ja-pos|さま|suffix|ざま|kyu=樣}}


# {{lb|ja|sort=さま|honorific}} {{n-g|polite personal suffix:}} [[honorable]], [[Mr.]], [[Ms.]]
# {{lb|ja|honorific}} {{n-g|polite personal suffix}}: [[honorable]], [[Mr.]], [[Ms.]]
#: {{ja-usex|吉田'''様'''が来られました。|^よしだ-'''さま''' が こられました。|'''Mr.''' ['''honorable''']　Yoshida has come here.}}
#: {{ja-usex|吉田'''様'''が来られました。|^よしだ-'''さま''' が こられました。|'''Mr.''' ['''honorable'''] Yoshida has come here.}}
# {{lb|ja|sort=さま|honorific}} {{n-g|attaching to nouns or other nominals: a [[politeness]] marker that often has no direct translation, replacing [[copula]] {{m|ja|です}} ''desu''}}
# {{lb|ja|honorific}} {{n-g|attaching to nouns or other nominals}}: ''a [[politeness]] marker that often has no direct translation, replacing [[copula]]'' {{ja-l||です|desu}}
#: {{ja-usex|ご苦労'''様'''。|ごくろう'''さま'''。|You have done well ['''honorable'''].}}
#: {{ja-usex|ご苦労'''様'''。|ごくろう'''さま'''。|You have done well ['''honorable'''].}}
# {{n-g|attaching to specific nouns or other nominals:}} [[that]] [[way]], that [[direction]]
# {{n-g|attaching to specific nouns or other nominals}}: [[that]] [[way]], that [[direction]]
#: {{ja-usex|逆'''様'''、横'''様'''|さか'''さま'''、 よこ'''さま'''|back'''wards''', side'''ways'''}}
#: {{ja-usex|逆'''様'''、横'''様'''|さか'''さま'''、 よこ'''さま'''|back'''wards''', side'''ways'''}}
# {{lb|ja|sort=さま|archaic}} {{n-g|attaching to verbs:}} [[just]] [[as]] {{qualifier|indicating the specific time when the verb is happening}}
# {{lb|ja|archaic}} {{n-g|attaching to verbs}}: [[just]] [[as]] {{qualifier|indicating the specific time when the verb is happening}}
# {{n-g|attaching to verbs:}} the [[way]] of doing something, [[how]] one does something {{qualifier|often undergoes [[rendaku]], changing ''-sama'' to ''-zama''}}
# {{n-g|attaching to verbs}}: the [[way]] of doing something, [[how]] one does something {{qualifier|often undergoes [[rendaku]], changing ''-sama'' to ''-zama''}}
#: {{ja-usex|座り'''様'''|すわり'''さま'''|'''how''' one sits}}
#: {{ja-usex|座り'''様'''|すわり'''さま'''|'''how''' one sits}}


=====Usage notes=====
=====Usage notes=====
The honorific senses developed out of [[euphemistic]] use of the noun sense of ''sama'', “that way”, as an [[oblique]] form of reference, starting from around the {{w|Muromachi period}}.<ref name="KDJ">{{R:Kokugo Dai Jiten}}</ref>
The honorific senses developed out of [[euphemistic]] use of the noun sense of ''sama'', “that way”, as an [[oblique]] form of reference, starting from around the {{w|Muromachi period}}.<ref name="KDJ"/>


The ''-sama'' suffix after personal names is more respectful than the everyday {{ja-r|さん}}, and is generally only used when being very [[polite]]. Gender-neutral. This is sometimes glossed as {{m|en|honorable}}, but {{m|en|honorable}} is also used as a [[title]], such as for [[judge]]s or [[governor]]s or certain ranks of [[nobility]], whereas ''-sama'' is purely about politeness and relative social closeness.
The ''-sama'' suffix after personal names is more respectful than the everyday {{ja-r|-さん}}, and is generally only used when being very [[polite]]. Gender-neutral. This is sometimes glossed as {{m|en|honorable}}, but {{m|en|honorable}} is also used as a [[title]], such as for [[judge]]s or [[governor]]s or certain ranks of [[nobility]], whereas ''-sama'' is purely about politeness and relative social closeness.


====See also====
=====Derived terms=====
{{der-top|See also: personal honorifics}}
{{der-top}}
* {{ja-r|さん}}
* {{ja-r|さん|-san}}
* {{ja-r|様々|さまさま|rom=-}}, {{ja-r|様様|さまさま}}
* {{ja-r|君|くん}}
* {{ja-r|ちゃん}}
* {{ja-r|王様|おう-さま}}
* {{ja-r|お蔭様|おかげさま|rom=-}}, {{ja-r|御%蔭%様|お%かげ%さま}}
* {{ja-r|殿|どの}}
* {{ja-r|お客%様|おきゃく%-さま|rom=-}}, {{ja-r|御%客%様|お%きゃく%-さま}}
* {{ja-r|奥様|おくさま}}
* {{ja-r|お日%様|おひ%さま|rom=-}}, {{ja-r|御日%様|おひ%さま}}
* {{ja-r|お姫%様|おひめ%-さま|rom=-}}, {{ja-r|御%姫%様|お%ひめ%-さま}}
* {{ja-r|神様|かみさま}}
* {{ja-r|貴%様|き%さま}}
* {{ja-r|殿様|との-さま}}
* {{ja-r|姫様|ひ.いさま}}
* {{ja-r|皆様|みな-さま}}
{{der-bottom}}

=====See also=====
{{der-top|Personal honorifics}}
* {{ja-r|君|-くん}}
* {{ja-r|ちゃん|-chan}}
* {{ja-r|殿|-どの}}
{{der-bottom}}
{{der-bottom}}


===Etymology 3===
===Etymology 3===
{{ja-kanjitab|yomi=k|ちゃま}}
{{ja-kanjitab|ちゃま|yomi=irr}}

Childish version of ''sama'' above.<ref name="DJR">{{R:Daijirin}}</ref> Compare the formation of {{ja-r|ちゃん}} from {{ja-r|さん}}.
Childish version of ''sama'' above.<ref name="DJR"/> Compare the formation of {{ja-r|-ちゃん}} from {{ja-r|-さん}}.


====Pronunciation====
====Pronunciation====
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{{ja-pos|ちゃま|suffix|kyu=樣}}
{{ja-pos|ちゃま|suffix|kyu=樣}}


# {{lb|ja|sort=ちゃま|childish}} honorific suffix
# {{lb|ja|sort=ちゃま|childish}} {{n-g|honorific suffix}}: ''Same as'' {{ja-l||さま|sama}} ''above''


===References===
===References===

Revision as of 05:08, 13 October 2018

See also: 樣 and 样

Template:character info/new

Translingual

Traditional 樣
Shinjitai 様
Simplified 样

Glyph origin

Japanese shinjitai Simplified from 樣 (羕 → 𣴎); compare bottom of 暴.

Right component is approximately 𦍌 + 氺.

Han character

様 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+10, 14 strokes, cangjie input 木廿土水 (DTGE) or 難木廿土水 (XDTGE), composition ⿰木𣴎)

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 546, character 25
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 15352
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): not present, would follow volume 2, page 1284, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+69D8

Chinese

Etymology 1

For pronunciation and definitions of 様 – see 樣 (“appearance; form; shape; look; expression; air; etc.”).
(This character is a variant form of 樣).

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 様 – see 橡 (“Acorn.; A tree in the genus.”).
(This character is a variant form of 橡).

Japanese

Shinjitai

様

Kyūjitai

樣

Kanji

様

(Third grade kyōiku kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 樣)

  1. certain form or way
  2. condition, state
  3. design, pattern
  4. indicates humbleness or politeness

Readings

As variant kanji of 橡:

Usage notes

When written in 草体 (sōtai, “highly-cursive”) style, this kanji form is called 平様 (hira-zama, literally “common form”) to distinguish from the kyūjitai form 永様 (ei-sama, literally “永-form”), and its variant froms 次様 (tsugi-zama, for 檨, literally “次-form”) and 美様 (bi-zama, for 𣖙, literally “美-form”).

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
様
よう
Grade: 3
on'yomi
Alternative spelling
樣 (kyūjitai)

/jɨau/ → /jɔː/ → /joː/

From Middle Chinese 樣 (MC *jɨɐŋH).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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  1. way, style, appearance
Derived terms
Derived terms

Adjective

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  1. be like, look like, seem like, as if, having the likeness of
    まるで夢(ゆめ)を見(み)ている様(よう)だ。
    Maru de yume o mite iru yō da.
    It felt as if I were dreaming.
  2. (as 様に (yō ni)) I hope; I pray; may
    成(せい)功(こう)しますように。
    Seikō shimasu yō ni.
    I wish [myself/you] success.
Inflection
Inflection of 様
Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形) 様だろ ようだろ yō daro
Continuative (連用形) 様で ようで yō de
Terminal (終止形) 様だ ようだ yō da
Attributive (連体形) 様な ような yō na
Hypothetical (仮定形) 様なら ようなら yō nara
Imperative (命令形) 様であれ ようであれ yō de are
Key constructions
Informal negative 様ではない
様じゃない 		ようではない
ようじゃない 		yō de wa nai
yō ja nai
Informal past 様だった ようだった yō datta
Informal negative past 様ではなかった
様じゃなかった 		ようではなかった
ようじゃなかった 		yō de wa nakatta
yō ja nakatta
Formal 様です ようです yō desu
Formal negative 様ではありません
様じゃありません 		ようではありません
ようじゃありません 		yō de wa arimasen
yō ja arimasen
Formal past 様でした ようでした yō deshita
Formal negative past 様ではありませんでした
様じゃありませんでした 		ようではありませんでした
ようじゃありませんでした 		yō de wa arimasen deshita
yō ja arimasen deshita
Conjunctive 様で ようで yō de
Conditional 様なら（ば） ようなら（ば） yō nara (ba)
Provisional 様だったら ようだったら yō dattara
Volitional 様だろう ようだろう yō darō
Adverbial 様に ように yō ni
Degree 様さ ようさ yōsa
Usage notes
  • In contemporary Japanese, this term is often written in hiragana.
  • Traditional Japanese grammar analyzes this term as a 助動詞 (jodōshi, “auxiliary verb”), ようだ (yō da), from the noun 様 (yō) and the auxiliary verb だ.
Derived terms
Derived terms

Proper nonun

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Etymology 2

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
Kanji in this term
様
さま
Grade: 3
kun'yomi
Alternative spelling
樣 (kyūjitai)

From Old Japanese. Originally a compound of Lua error in Module:affix/templates at line 38: The |lang= parameter is not used by this template. Place the language code in parameter 1 instead..[1]

Pronunciation

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Alternative forms

  • 方 (limited to the noun sense)

Noun

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  1. a person's appearance (as of body, or style, or face, etc.)
  2. the state or situation of a thing
    鋭敏(えいびん)。感覚(かんかく)が鋭(するど)いこと。また、そのさま。[1]
    Eibin. Kankaku ga surudoi koto. Mata, sono sama.
    Eibin. For the senses to be sharp. Or, the state of being such.
  3. the general trend, tenor, or feel of a thing
  4. one's social station, status, or quality
  5. the way or means of doing something, how one does something
  6. the reason or circumstances for something
Derived terms
Derived terms

Pronoun

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  1. (archaic, honorific) second-person pronoun: you, you all
  2. (archaic, honorific) third-person distal pronoun: he, she, they (distant from both speaker and listener)
Usage notes

Used primarily by women of the red-light districts of the Edo period.[1]

The pronoun senses have largely fallen into disuse. These originated as abbreviations of longer forms 君様 (kimisama, literally “lord + that way”), 方様 (katasama, literally “that side + that way”), or 貴様 (kisama, literally “noble + that way”), with the -sama suffix (see below) developing into an independent use.

Suffix

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  1. (honorific) polite personal suffix: honorable, Mr., Ms.
    吉田(よしだ)様(さま)が来(こ)られました。
    Yoshida-sama ga koraremashita.
    Mr. [honorable] Yoshida has come here.
  2. (honorific) attaching to nouns or other nominals: a politeness marker that often has no direct translation, replacing copula です (​desu)
    ご苦労(くろう)様(さま)。
    Gokurōsama.
    You have done well [honorable].
  3. attaching to specific nouns or other nominals: that way, that direction
    逆(さか)様(さま)、横(よこ)様(さま)
    sakasama, yokosama
    backwards, sideways
  4. (archaic) attaching to verbs: just as (indicating the specific time when the verb is happening)
  5. attaching to verbs: the way of doing something, how one does something (often undergoes rendaku, changing -sama to -zama)
    座(すわ)り様(さま)
    suwarisama
    how one sits
Usage notes

The honorific senses developed out of euphemistic use of the noun sense of sama, “that way”, as an oblique form of reference, starting from around the Muromachi period.[1]

The -sama suffix after personal names is more respectful than the everyday さん (-san), and is generally only used when being very polite. Gender-neutral. This is sometimes glossed as honorable, but honorable is also used as a title, such as for judges or governors or certain ranks of nobility, whereas -sama is purely about politeness and relative social closeness.

Derived terms
Derived terms
See also
Personal honorifics

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
様
ちゃま
Grade: 3
irregular
Alternative spelling
樣 (kyūjitai)

Childish version of sama above.[2] Compare the formation of ちゃん (-chan) from さん (-san).

Pronunciation

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Suffix

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  1. (childish) honorific suffix: Same as さま (​sama) above

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. ^ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named DJR
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