d'
See also: ď and Appendix:Variations of "d"
English
Etymology 1
Contraction of the article da ("the").
Preposition
d'
- da; Pronunciation spelling of the, representing dialectal English.
Etymology 2
Reduction.
Verb
d'
Asturian
Etymology
Contraction of the preposition de (“of, from”).
Pronunciation
Preposition
d'
Catalan
Etymology
Contraction of the preposition de (“of, from”).
Pronunciation
Preposition
d'
Dutch
Etymology
Contraction of the article de (“the”).
Pronunciation
Preposition
d'
French
Alternative forms
- d’
Etymology
Contraction of the preposition de (“of, from”).
Pronunciation
Preposition
d’
- (before a vowel or a mute h) Apocopic form of de: of
- un verre d’eau
- a glass of water
- (informal, after a vowel) Apocopic form of de: of
- 2002, Jean-François Pauzé (lyrics and music), “Mon chum Rémi”, in Break Syndical:
- Hé Rémi / fais pas d’conneries / J’t’aime ben la face / pis tu m’dois encore cinquante piasses
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Further reading
- “de”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Irish
Alternative forms
- (your): t’ (Cois Fharraige)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [d̪ˠ] (before a word starting with a, o, u, fha, fho, or fhu)
- IPA(key): [dʲ] (before a word starting with e, i, fhe, or fhi)
Etymology 1
Prevocalic apocope of do.
Particle
d’
- (before vowel sounds) Apocopic form of do: Marker of the past tense.
- d’ól sé ― he drank
- d’fhág sé ― he waited
Preposition
d’ (plus dative, triggers lenition)
- (before vowel sounds) Apocopic form of do: to, for
- d’athair Sheáin
- to Seán’s father, for Seán’s father
Determiner
d’
See also
Irish personal pronouns
Number | Person (and gender) | Conjunctive (emphatic) |
Disjunctive (emphatic) |
Possessive determiner |
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | First | mé (mise) |
mo L m' before vowel sounds | |
Second | tú (tusa)1 |
thú (thusa) |
do L d' before vowel sounds | |
Third masculine | sé (seisean) |
é (eisean) |
a L | |
Third feminine | sí (sise) |
í (ise) |
a H | |
Third neuter | — | ea | — | |
Plural | First | muid, sinn (muidne, muide), (sinne) |
ár E | |
Second | sibh (sibhse)1 |
bhur E | ||
Third | siad (siadsan) |
iad (iadsan) |
a E |
Usage notes
- Used only before vowel sounds, including when f has been lenited to fh before a vowel. The variant form used before consonants, do, is generally omitted but may be encountered in Munster Irish and in literary language.
Etymology 2
Prevocalic apocopic form of de.
Preposition
d’ (plus dative, triggers lenition)
- (before vowel sounds) Apocopic form of de: from, of
- d’athair Sheáin
- from Seán’s father, of Seán’s father
Italian
Etymology
Contraction of the preposition di (“of, from”).
Pronunciation
Preposition
d’ (apocopate)
- (sometimes before a vowel or an h) Apocopic form of di: of
- Follia d'amore ― Madness of love.
- Un bicchiere d'acqua. ― A glass of water.
Usage notes
In some rare cases d' represents the preposition da:
- d'ora in poi (“from now on”)
- d'ora in avanti (“from now on”)
Luxembourgish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /d/ (before vowels and voiced consonants)
- IPA(key): /t/ (before voiceless consonants)
- IPA(key): /-/ (sometimes; see usage notes below)
Determiner
d' f or n
Usage notes
- This article form is commonly not pronounced between /t/ and another consonant, and occasionally otherwise when the combination of preceding and following consonants creates an impossible cluster. Only rarely is this muteness avoided by using the full form of the article. Rather, the lack of an indefinite article becomes a definite article by default. Occasional ambiguities, particularly in the plural, are tolerated.
Declension
Luxembourgish definite articles | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | plural | |
nom./acc. | deen (den) | déi (d') | dat (d') | déi (d') |
dat. | deem (dem) | där (der) | deem (dem) | deen (den) |
gen. | der |
Middle French
Preposition
d'
Usage notes
- Earlier manuscripts omit the apostrophe
- despaigne ― of Spain
Norman
Alternative forms
Etymology
From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old French de, from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Latin dē.
Preposition
d'
Occitan
Preposition
d'
- Alternative form of de (before a vowel)
Old French
Preposition
d'
Usage notes
- Unlike in modern French, de is not always elided to d' before a vowel or a mute h. It is optional.
- The apostrophe is not used in the original manuscripts, but is added by scholars for clarity.
- despaigne ― of Spain
Old Occitan
Preposition
d'
Portuguese
Preposition
d’
- (used before words beginning in a vowel, archaic except in fixed expressions) Alternative form of de
Derived terms
Scottish Gaelic
Etymology
Contraction of the pronoun do (“your”).
Pronunciation
Pronoun
d'
Categories:
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- Irish prepositions governing the dative
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