sap
English
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Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From Middle English sap, from Old English sæp (“juice, sap”), from Proto-Germanic *sapą (“sap, juice”) (compare Dutch sap, German Saft, Icelandic safi), from Proto-Indo-European *sab-, *sap- (“to taste”) (compare Welsh syb-wydd (“fir”), Latin sapa (“must, new wine”), Russian со́пли (sópli, “snivel”), Armenian համ (ham, “juice, taste”), Avestan 𐬬𐬌-𐬱𐬁𐬞𐬀 (vi-šāpa, “having poisonous juices”), Sanskrit सबर् (sabar, “juice, nectar”)). More at sage.
Noun
sap (countable and uncountable, plural saps)
- (uncountable) The juice of plants of any kind, especially the ascending and descending juices or circulating fluid essential to nutrition.
- (uncountable) The sapwood, or alburnum, of a tree.
- Any juice.
- (figurative) Vitality.
- (slang, countable) a naive person; a simpleton
Derived terms
Translations
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Verb
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- (transitive) To drain, suck or absorb from (tree, etc.).
- (transitive, figurative) To exhaust the vitality of.
Etymology 2
Probably from sapling.
Noun
sap (plural saps)
Translations
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Verb
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- (transitive, slang) To strike with a sap (with a blackjack).
Translations
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Etymology 3
From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] French saper (compare Spanish zapar and Italian zappare) from sape (“sort of scythe”), from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Late Latin sappa (“sort of mattock”).
Noun
sap (plural saps)
- (military) A narrow ditch or trench made from the foremost parallel toward the glacis or covert way of a besieged place by digging under cover of gabions, etc.
Derived terms
Translations
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Verb
Lua error in Module:en-headword at line 1142: Legacy parameter 1=STEM no longer supported, just use 'en-verb' without params
- (transitive) To subvert by digging or wearing away; to mine; to undermine; to destroy the foundation of.
- (Can we date this quote?) John Dryden
- Nor safe their dwellings were, for sapped by floods, / Their houses fell upon their household gods.
- (Can we date this quote?) John Dryden
- (transitive, military) To pierce with saps.
- (transitive) To make unstable or infirm; to unsettle; to weaken.
- 1850, Alfred Tennyson, Ring, Out, Wild Bells
- Ring out the grief that saps the mind […]
- 1850, Alfred Tennyson, Ring, Out, Wild Bells
- (transitive) To gradually weaken.
- to sap one’s conscience
- (intransitive) To proceed by mining, or by secretly undermining; to execute saps.
Translations
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Anagrams
Aromanian
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Vulgar Latin *sappō, from Latin sappa. Compare Romanian săpa, sap, French saper, Italian zappare, Sicilian zappari, Spanish zapar, Friulian sapâ, Venetian sapar, Latin sappa.
Verb
sap (past participle sãpatã)
- I dig (with a pick).
Related terms
See also
Catalan
Pronunciation
Verb
sap
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Dutch
Etymology
From Middle Dutch sap, from Old Dutch *sap, from Proto-Germanic *sapą. Cognate to English sap and German Saft (from Old High German saf).[1]
Pronunciation
Noun
sap n (plural sappen, diminutive sapje n)
- sap (fluid in plants)
- juice
- Hyponyms: aalbessensap, appelsap, citroensap, druivensap, sinaasappelsap, vruchtensap
Derived terms
- aalbessensap
- appelsap
- appelsiensap
- bessensap
- bietensap
- boomsap
- citroensap
- druivensap
- maagsap
- perensap
- sappig
- sinaasappelsap
- vruchtensap
- wortelsap
- zwartebessensap
Descendants
- Afrikaans: sap
References
- ^ J. de Vries & F. de Tollenaere, "Etymologisch Woordenboek", Uitgeverij Het Spectrum, Utrecht, 1986 (14de druk)
Anagrams
Polish
Pronunciation
Verb
sap
Romani
Etymology
From Sanskrit सर्प (sarpá, “snake”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *sarpás. Cognate with Punjabi ਸੱਪ (sappa, “snake”).
Pronunciation
Noun
sap m (plural sapa)
Turkish
Etymology
From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old Turkic sap, from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Proto-Turkic.
Pronunciation
Noun
sap (definite accusative sapı, plural saplar)
Declension
Inflection | ||
---|---|---|
Nominative | sap | |
Definite accusative | sapı | |
Singular | Plural | |
Nominative | sap | saplar |
Definite accusative | sapı | sapları |
Dative | sapa | saplara |
Locative | sapta | saplarda |
Ablative | saptan | saplardan |
Genitive | sapın | sapların |
Veps
Etymology
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Noun
sap
- gall (bile)
Volapük
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin sapiō (“I am wise”).
Pronunciation
Noun
sap
Zhuang
Pronunciation
- (Standard Zhuang) IPA(key): /θaːp˧˥/
- Tone numbers: sap7
- Hyphenation: sap
Etymology 1
From Proto-Tai *saːpᴰ (“cockroach”). Cognate with Thai สาบ (sàap), Lao ສາບ (sāp), Shan သၢပ်ႇ (sàap), Bouyei saabt.
Noun
sap (1957–1982 spelling sap)
Etymology 2
Verb
sap (1957–1982 spelling sap)
- English 1-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio links
- Rhymes:English/æp
- English terms inherited from Middle English
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English terms inherited from Old English
- English terms derived from Old English
- English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- English terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English uncountable nouns
- English countable nouns
- English slang
- English transitive verbs
- American English
- English terms derived from French
- English terms derived from Late Latin
- en:Military
- English intransitive verbs
- en:Liquids
- en:Weapons
- Aromanian terms inherited from Vulgar Latin
- Aromanian terms derived from Vulgar Latin
- Aromanian terms inherited from Latin
- Aromanian terms derived from Latin
- Aromanian lemmas
- Aromanian verbs
- Catalan 1-syllable words
- Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Catalan/ap
- Catalan non-lemma forms
- Catalan verb forms
- Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch
- Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation
- Dutch terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Dutch/ɑp
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch nouns
- Dutch nouns with plural in -en
- Dutch neuter nouns
- nl:Beverages
- nl:Liquids
- Polish 1-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Polish non-lemma forms
- Polish verb forms
- Romani terms inherited from Sanskrit
- Romani terms derived from Sanskrit
- Romani terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Romani terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Romani lemmas
- Romani nouns
- Romani masculine nouns
- Turkish terms derived from Old Turkic
- Turkish terms derived from Proto-Turkic
- Turkish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Turkish lemmas
- Turkish nouns
- Turkish slang
- Veps lemmas
- Veps nouns
- Volapük terms borrowed from Latin
- Volapük terms derived from Latin
- Volapük terms with IPA pronunciation
- Volapük lemmas
- Volapük nouns
- Zhuang terms with IPA pronunciation
- Zhuang 1-syllable words
- Zhuang terms inherited from Proto-Tai
- Zhuang terms derived from Proto-Tai
- Zhuang lemmas
- Zhuang nouns
- Zhuang verbs