執

See also: 执

Translingual

Han character

執 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 土十大弓戈 (GJKNI), four-corner 4541₇, composition ⿰幸丸)

Derived characters

• 蓻, 𢄢, 摯(挚), 𡠗, 蟄(蛰), 鷙(鸷), 騺, 墊(垫), 慹, 𩅀, 䙝, 𡪐, 謺, 𣊓, 䠟, 𦎷

Related characters

• 执 (Simplified Chinese)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 231, character 9
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5193
• Dae Jaweon: page 467, character 15
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 457, character 5
• Unihan data for U+57F7

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Chinese

trad.		執
simp.		执
alternative forms		执 秇 𠌷 𡘺 𡙕 执 秇 𠌷 𡘺 𡙕 𡚺 𢦕 𦎃

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 執
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (執) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
騺	*tibs
摯	*tjibs
贄	*tjibs
鷙	*tjibs
墊	*tiːms, *diːb
慹	*tjeb, *ndiːb, *sdib, *tjib
謺	*tjeb
褺	*diːb
蓻	*stib
縶	*tib
漐	*tʰib
蟄	*dib
執	*tjib
瓡	*tjib

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tjib) : phonetic 幸 (OC *ɡreːŋʔ) + semantic 丮; in present form 丮 (jǐ) has been replaced by 丸 (wán).

Also Pictogram (象形) : to arrest.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zhí (zhi²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄓˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zap¹
• Hakka (Meixian, Guangdong): zeb⁵
• Northern Min (KCR): cĭ
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chip

  (Teochew, Peng'im): zib⁴

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhí
    • Zhuyin: ㄓˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhíh
    • Wade–Giles: chih²
    • Yale: jŕ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyr
    • Palladius: чжи (čži)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zap¹
    • Yale: jāp
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzap⁷
    • Guangdong Romanization: zeb¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɐp̚⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: zeb⁵
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡səp̚¹/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: cĭ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡si²⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chip
    • Tâi-lô: tsip
    • Phofsit Daibuun: cib
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sip̚³²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sip̚⁵/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sip̚³²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sip̚³²/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sip̚³²/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: zib⁴
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsip
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sip̚²/

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• Middle Chinese: tsyip

Rime
Character	執
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	緝 (141)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	之入切
Baxter	tsyip
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕiɪp̚/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕip̚/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕjep̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cip̚/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕiəp̚/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭĕp̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi̯əp̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhi
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zap1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[t]ip/

  (Zhengzhang): /*tjib/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	執
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhí
Middle Chinese	‹ tsyip ›
Old Chinese	/*[t]ip/
English	seize
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	執
Reading #	1/1
No.	17290
Phonetic component	執
Rime group	緝
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	執
Old Chinese	/*tjib/
Notes	甲金文象梏人雙手， 幸象梏非聲

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 執

1. to hold in the hand

   執子之手、與子偕老。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
   执子之手、与子偕老。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]

   From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

   Zhí zǐ zhī shǒu, yǔ zǐ xié lǎo. [Pinyin]

   With your hand in mine, we grow old together.

2. to keep
3. to carry out
4. (Cantonese) to pick up

   執垃圾／执垃圾 [Cantonese]  ―  zap¹ laap⁶ saap³ [Jyutping]  ―  to pick up rubbish

   • 1985, “最緊要好玩”, in (deprecated template usage) 林振強 (lyrics), 最緊要好玩, performed by (deprecated template usage) 許冠傑:

     我想攀登火山，執塊石頭用嚟煎蛋 [Cantonese, trad.]
     我想攀登火山，执块石头用嚟煎蛋 [Cantonese, simp.]

     ngo⁵ soeng² paan¹ dang¹ fo² saan¹, zap¹ faai³ sek⁶ tau⁴ jung⁶ lei⁴ zin¹ daan^6-2 [Jyutping]

     I want to climb a volcano, get a rock, and use it to fry an egg

5. (Cantonese) to clean up; to tidy up

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Japanese

Kanji

執

(Jōyō kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: しゅう (shū, Jōyō)^{←しふ (sifu, historical)}
• Kan-on: しゅう (shū, Jōyō)^{←しふ (sifu, historical)}
• Kan’yō-on: しつ (shitsu, Jōyō)
• Kun: とる (toru, 執る, Jōyō); とらえる (toraeru, 執える)^{←とらへる (toraferu, 執へる, historical)}
• Nanori: し (shi)

Compounds

• 偏(へん)執(しつ) (henshitsu)
• 固(こ)執(しゅう) (koshū)
• 執(しっ)刀(とう) (shittō)
• 執(しっ)政(せい) (shissei)
• 執(しっ)権(けん) (shikken)
• 執(しっ)行(こう) (shikkō)
• 執(しつ)事(じ) (shitsuji)
• 執(しつ)務(む) (shitsumu)
• 執(しつ)意(い) (shitsui)
• 執(しつ)拗(よう) (shitsuyō)
• 執(しゅう)心(しん) (shūshin)
• 執(しゅう)念(ねん) (shūnen)
• 執(しゅう)着(ちゃく) (shūchaku)
• 妄(もう)執(しゅう) (mōshū)
• 我(が)執(しゅう) (gashū)
• 確(かく)執(しつ) (kakushitsu)

 

Proper noun

執(まもる) • (Mamoru) 

1. a male given name

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Korean

Hanja

執 (eum 집 (jip))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

執: Hán Việt readings: chấp
執: Nôm readings: chắp, giúp, chập, giập, xấp, chặp, chụp, chấp, xắp, xúp, chộp, xóp, xụp, chợp, giộp

1. chữ Hán form of chấp.

Compounds

• 執行 (chấp hành)