害

Translingual

Stroke order

Stroke order (Taiwan)

Stroke order (Japan)

Han character

害 (Kangxi radical 40, 宀+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 十手十口 (JQJR) or 十手一口 (JQMR), four-corner 3060₁, composition ⿳宀丰口)

Derived characters

• 割 轄

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 286, character 12
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7165
• Dae Jaweon: page 565, character 9
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 929, character 5
• Unihan data for U+5BB3

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Chinese

trad.		害
simp. #		害

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 害
Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (害) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
轄	*kʰaːds, *ɡraːd
害	*ɡaːds
犗	*kraːds
幰	*qʰanʔ
攇	*qʰanʔ
憲	*hŋans
瀗	*qʰans
割	*kaːd
磍	*kreːd, *kʰraːd
瞎	*qʰraːd
鎋	*ɡraːd
鶷	*ɡraːd
縖	*ɡraːd
豁	*qʰʷaːd

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡaːds) : semantic 宀 + semantic 口 + phonetic 丯 (OC *kreːds).

Etymology

Cognate with 割 (OC *kaːd, “to cut”). See there for more.

Pronunciation 1

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 害

1. to harm; to maim; to injure

   • 銅生鉎，害自身。 [Eastern Min, trad.]
     铜生𰽫，害自身。 [Eastern Min, simp.]

     Dè̤ng săng cĭng, hâi cê̤ṳ-sĭng. / [tøyŋ⁵³ saŋ⁵⁵ t͡siŋ⁵⁵ hɑi²⁴² t͡sy²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ^(s-)liŋ⁵⁵] [Bàng-uâ-cê / IPA]

     Harm oneself (just like copper rusting).

2. to cause to do; to result in (something unfavourable)

   • 航班晚點了，害我多等了兩個小時。 [MSC, trad.]
     航班晚点了，害我多等了两个小时。 [MSC, simp.]

     Hángbān wǎndiǎn le, hài wǒ duō děng le liǎng ge xiǎoshí. [Pinyin]

     The flight was delayed, causing me to wait for another two hours.

3. to kill; to murder
4. to suffer from
5. to feel (an adverse sentiment)
6. harm; disaster; calamity
7. crucial point; vital point
8. harmful; injurious
9. (Southern Min) broken

Antonyms

• 益 (yì, “benefit”)
• 利 (lì, “benefit”)

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): hé (he²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄏㄜˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): hot³ / hot⁶

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: hé
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄜˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: hé
    • Wade–Giles: ho²
    • Yale: hé
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: her
    • Palladius: хэ (xɛ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xɤ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: hot³ / hot⁶
    • Yale: hot / hoht
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hot⁸ / hot⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: hod³ / hod⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɔːt̚³/, /hɔːt̚²/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 害

1. ^† (deprecated template usage) Alternative form of 曷 (hé, “why not”).

(deprecated template usage)

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Japanese

Kanji

害

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)

1. (そこなう) damage, harm, injure
2. (あやめる) kill
3. (わざわい) disaster

Readings

• Go-on: がい (gai, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: かい (kai)
• Kun: そこなう (sokonau, 害なう)^{←そこなふ (sokonafu, 害なふ, historical)}; あやめる (ayameru, 害める); わざわい (wazawai, 害い)^{←わざはひ (wazafafi, 害ひ, historical)}

Etymology

Kanji in this term
害
がい Grade: 4
on'yomi

From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Middle Chinese 害 (haj^H, “injury”).

Noun

害(がい) • (gai) 

1. injury, harm, damage

Antonyms

• 益(えき) (eki, “benefit”)
• 利(り) (ri, “benefit”)

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 害(がい)悪(あく) (gaiaku)
• 害(がい)獣(じゅう) (gaijū, “harmful animal”)
• 害(がい)虫(ちゅう) (gaichū, “harmful insect”)
• 害(がい)鳥(ちょう) (gaichō, “harmful bird”)
• 害(がい)毒(どく) (gaidoku)
• 危(き)害(がい) (kigai)
• 災(さい)害(がい) (saigai)
• 殺(さつ)害(がい) (satsugai)
• 残(ざん)害(がい) (zangai)
• 自(じ)害(がい) (jigai)
• 水(すい)害(がい) (suigai)
• 損(そん)害(がい) (songai)
• 被(ひ)害(がい) (higai)
• 風(ふう)害(がい) (fūgai)
• 無(む)害(がい) (mugai)
• 有(ゆう)害(がい) (yūgai)
• 利(り)害(がい) (rigai)

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Korean

Hanja

害 • (hae, hal) (hangeul 해, 할)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 害 (hại)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.