沽

Translingual

Han character

沽 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 水十口 (EJR), four-corner 3416₀, composition ⿰氵古)

1. buy and sell
2. cheap, shoddy, inferior in quality

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 614, character 10
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17258
• Dae Jaweon: page 1008, character 2
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1581, character 2
• Unihan data for U+6CBD

---

Chinese

simp. and trad.		沽

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 沽
Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (古) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
箇	*kaːls
個	*kaːls
居	*kɯ, *kas
橭	*kaː, *kʰaː
嫴	*kaː
姑	*kaː
辜	*kaː
酤	*kaː, *kaːs, *ɡaːʔ
蛄	*kaː
鴣	*kaː
沽	*kaː, *kaːʔ, *kaːs
盬	*kaː, *kaːʔ
古	*kaːʔ
罟	*kaːʔ
估	*kaːʔ
鈷	*kaːʔ
詁	*kaːʔ
牯	*kaːʔ
故	*kaːs
固	*kaːs
稒	*kaːɡs
痼	*kaːɡs
錮	*kaːɡs
鯝	*kaːɡs
棝	*kaːɡs
凅	*kaːɡs
枯	*kʰaː
軲	*kʰaː
跍	*kʰaː
骷	*kʰaː
苦	*kʰaːʔ, *kʰaːs
葫	*qʰaː, *ɡaː
餬	*ɡaː
瑚	*ɡaː
湖	*ɡaː
鶘	*ɡaː
猢	*ɡaː
醐	*ɡaː
糊	*ɡaː
箶	*ɡaː
蝴	*ɡaː
胡	*ɡaː
瓳	*ɡaː
怙	*ɡaːʔ
祜	*ɡaːʔ
岵	*ɡaːʔ
婟	*ɡaːʔ, *ɡaːɡs
楛	*ɡaːʔ
据	*ka
裾	*ka
琚	*ka
椐	*ka, *kas, *kʰa
鶋	*ka
蜛	*ka
崌	*ka
涺	*ka
腒	*ka, *ɡa
鋸	*kas
倨	*kas
踞	*kas
涸	*ɡaːɡ

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): gū (gu¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): gu¹

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gu¹ / gu²
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kû
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ko͘ / kó͘

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: gū
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄨ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: gu
    • Wade–Giles: ku¹
    • Yale: gū
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gu
    • Palladius: гу (gu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ku⁵⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: gu¹
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: gu
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ku⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: gu¹ / gu²
    • Yale: gū / gú
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gu¹ / gu²
    • Guangdong Romanization: gu¹ / gu²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kuː⁵⁵/, /kuː³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kû
    • Hakka Romanization System: gu´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: gu¹
    • Sinological IPA: /ku²⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ko͘ / kó͘
    • Tâi-lô: koo / kóo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kof, kor
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kɔ⁴⁴/, /kɔ⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kɔ³³/, /kɔ⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kɔ⁴⁴/, /kɔ⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kɔ⁴⁴/, /kɔ⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kɔ⁴⁴/, /kɔ⁴¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: ku, kuX, kuH

Rime
Character	沽	沽	沽
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	見 (28)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	模 (23)	模 (23)	模 (23)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I	I
Fanqie	古胡切	公戸切	古暮切
Baxter	ku	kuX	kuH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kuo/	/kuoX/	/kuoH/
Pan Wuyun	/kuo/	/kuoX/	/kuoH/
Shao Rongfen	/ko/	/koX/	/koH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kɔ/	/kɔX/	/kɔH/
Li Rong	/ko/	/koX/	/koH/
Wang Li	/ku/	/kuX/	/kuH/
Bernard Karlgren	/kuo/	/kuoX/	/kuoH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	gū	gǔ	gù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gu1	gu2	gu3

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*kaː/, /*kaːʔ/, /*kaːs/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	沽	沽	沽
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
No.	4217	4226	4229
Phonetic component	古	古	古
Rime group	魚	魚	魚
Rime subdivision	0	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	孤	古	顧
Old Chinese	/*kaː/	/*kaːʔ/	/*kaːs/
Notes			同酤

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 沽

1. to buy
2. to sell
3. Short for 天津 (Tiānjīn).

References

• “沽”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

---

Japanese

Kanji

沽

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• On (unclassified): こ (ko)
• Kun: かう (kau, 沽う); あたい (atai)

---

Korean

Hanja

沽 (eum 고 (go))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

---

Vietnamese

Han character

沽: Hán Nôm readings: cô

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation