沽

沽 U+6CBD, 沽 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6CBD ← 沼 [U+6CBC] CJK Unified Ideographs 沾 → [U+6CBE]

Translingual

Han character

沽 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 水十口 (EJR), four-corner 3416₀, composition ⿰氵古)

1. buy and sell
2. cheap, shoddy, inferior in quality

Derived characters

• 𢜃

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 614, character 10
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17258
• Dae Jaweon: page 1008, character 2
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1581, character 2
• Unihan data for U+6CBD

Chinese

simp. and trad.		沽

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 沽
Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (古) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
箇	*kaːls
個	*kaːls
居	*kɯ, *kas
橭	*kaː, *kʰaː
嫴	*kaː
姑	*kaː
辜	*kaː
酤	*kaː, *kaːs, *ɡaːʔ
蛄	*kaː
鴣	*kaː
沽	*kaː, *kaːʔ, *kaːs
盬	*kaː, *kaːʔ
古	*kaːʔ
罟	*kaːʔ
估	*kaːʔ
鈷	*kaːʔ
詁	*kaːʔ
牯	*kaːʔ
故	*kaːs
固	*kaːs
稒	*kaːɡs
痼	*kaːɡs
錮	*kaːɡs
鯝	*kaːɡs
棝	*kaːɡs
凅	*kaːɡs
枯	*kʰaː
軲	*kʰaː
跍	*kʰaː
骷	*kʰaː
苦	*kʰaːʔ, *kʰaːs
葫	*qʰaː, *ɡaː
餬	*ɡaː
瑚	*ɡaː
湖	*ɡaː
鶘	*ɡaː
猢	*ɡaː
醐	*ɡaː
糊	*ɡaː
箶	*ɡaː
蝴	*ɡaː
胡	*ɡaː
瓳	*ɡaː
怙	*ɡaːʔ
祜	*ɡaːʔ
岵	*ɡaːʔ
婟	*ɡaːʔ, *ɡaːɡs
楛	*ɡaːʔ
据	*ka
裾	*ka
琚	*ka
椐	*ka, *kas, *kʰa
鶋	*ka
蜛	*ka
崌	*ka
涺	*ka
腒	*ka, *ɡa
鋸	*kas
倨	*kas
踞	*kas
涸	*ɡaːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kaː, *kaːʔ, *kaːs) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 古 (OC *kaːʔ).

Etymology

Cognate with 酤 (OC *kaː, *kaːs, *ɡaːʔ, “to buy alcoholic drink”)，賈 (OC *kraːʔ, *kraːs, *klaːʔ, “to buy or sell”).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): gū (gu¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): gu¹

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gu¹ / gu²
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kû
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ko͘ / kó͘

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: gū
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄨ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: gu
    • Wade–Giles: ku¹
    • Yale: gū
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gu
    • Palladius: гу (gu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ku⁵⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: gu¹
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: gu
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ku⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: gu¹ / gu²
    • Yale: gū / gú
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gu¹ / gu²
    • Guangdong Romanization: gu¹ / gu²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kuː⁵⁵/, /kuː³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kû
    • Hakka Romanization System: gu^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: gu¹
    • Sinological IPA: /ku²⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ko͘ / kó͘
    • Tâi-lô: koo / kóo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kof, kor
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kɔ⁴⁴/, /kɔ⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kɔ³³/, /kɔ⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kɔ⁴⁴/, /kɔ⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kɔ⁴⁴/, /kɔ⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kɔ⁴⁴/, /kɔ⁴¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: ku, kuX, kuH

Rime
Character	沽	沽	沽
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	見 (28)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	模 (23)	模 (23)	模 (23)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I	I
Fanqie	古胡切	公戸切	古暮切
Baxter	ku	kuX	kuH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kuo/	/kuoX/	/kuoH/
Pan Wuyun	/kuo/	/kuoX/	/kuoH/
Shao Rongfen	/ko/	/koX/	/koH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kɔ/	/kɔX/	/kɔH/
Li Rong	/ko/	/koX/	/koH/
Wang Li	/ku/	/kuX/	/kuH/
Bernard Karlgren	/kuo/	/kuoX/	/kuoH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	gū	gǔ	gù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gu1	gu2	gu3

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*kaː/, /*kaːʔ/, /*kaːs/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	沽	沽	沽
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
No.	4217	4226	4229
Phonetic component	古	古	古
Rime group	魚	魚	魚
Rime subdivision	0	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	孤	古	顧
Old Chinese	/*kaː/	/*kaːʔ/	/*kaːs/
Notes			同酤

Definitions

沽

1. to buy
2. to sell

   沽咗層樓／沽咗层楼 [Cantonese]  ―  gu¹ zo² cang⁴ lau^4-2 [Jyutping]  ―  to sell one's flat

   • 子貢曰：「有美玉於斯，韞櫝而藏諸？求善賈而沽諸？」子曰：「沽之哉！沽之哉！我待賈者也。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     子贡曰：「有美玉于斯，韫椟而藏诸？求善贾而沽诸？」子曰：「沽之哉！沽之哉！我待贾者也。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Zǐ Gòng yuē: “Yǒu měiyù yú sī, yùn dú ér cáng zhū? Qiú shàn ɡǔ ér gū zhū?” Zǐ yuē: “Gū zhī zāi! Gū zhī zāi! Wǒ dài ɡǔ zhě yě.” [Pinyin]

     Zi Gong said, "There is a beautiful gem here. Should I lay it up in a case and keep it? or should I seek for a good price and sell it?" The Master said, "Sell it! Sell it! But I would wait for one to offer the price."

3. Short for 天津 (Tiānjīn).

Compounds

• 功沽
• 吊譽沽名／吊誉沽名
• 善賈而沽／善贾而沽
• 塘沽 (Tánggū)
• 塘沽新港
• 大沽 (Dàgū)
• 大沽口 (Dàgūkǒu)
• 屠沽 (túgū)
• 屠沽兒／屠沽儿
• 屠沽子
• 平沽
• 待價而沽／待价而沽 (dàijià'érgū)
• 沽取 (gūqǔ)
• 沽名 (gūmíng)
• 沽名吊譽／沽名吊誉
• 沽名干譽
• 沽名邀譽／沽名邀誉
• 沽名釣譽／沽名钓誉 (gūmíngdiàoyù)
• 沽河
• 沽泊
• 沽激
• 沽直
• 沽空 (gūkōng)
• 沽酒
• 沽酒當爐／沽酒当炉
• 沽飲／沽饮
• 直沽
• 釣名沽譽／钓名沽誉
• 釣譽沽名／钓誉沽名

 

References

• “沽”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

沽

(Hyōgai kanji)

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Readings

• Go-on: く (ku)
• Kan-on: こ (ko)
• Kun: あたい (atai, 沽い)、あらい (arai, 沽い)、うる (uru, 沽る)

Korean

Hanja

沽 (eum 고 (go))

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Vietnamese

Han character

沽: Hán Nôm readings: cô

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation

Zhuang

Noun

沽

1. Sawndip form of gyu (“salt”)