toma

See also: Toma, tomá, tôma, Tôma, tǫ̂mą, tomaʼ, and -toma

Languages (20)

English

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'Are'are • Asturian • Catalan • Cebuano • Chavacano • Galician • Irish • Italian • Japanese • Jur Modo • Lingala • Mansaka • Māori • Mbati • Mongo • Portuguese • Spanish • Tagalog • Ternate

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Page categories

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Italian toma. Cognate with Sicilian tuma.

Noun

toma (uncountable)

1. A semi-hard Italian cheese from Piedmont

See also

• Toma cheese on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Anagrams

• mota, TMAO, atom, Mato, Amto, moat, Atom, Moat, Mota, atmo

'Are'are

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /toma/
• Hyphenation: to‧ma

Verb

toma

1. to be limp

References

• Naitoro, Kateřina (2013) A Sketch Grammar of 'Are'are: The Sound System and Morpho-Syntax (Thesis)‎^[1], Christchurch, New Zealand: University of Canterbury, archived from the original on 2017-11-28

Asturian

Verb

toma

1. inflection of tomar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Catalan

Verb

toma

1. inflection of tomar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Cebuano

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish tomar (“to drink; to take”). Doublet of tomar.

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: to‧ma
• IPA^(key): /ˈtomaʔ/ [ˈt̪o.mɐʔ]

Noun

tomà

1. (slang) alcohol consumption

Verb

tomà

1. (slang) to drink alcohol

Conjugation

Conjugation for toma (mo- )

affix		mo-
root word		toma
trigger		actor
aspect
infinitive		motoma
past/present inchoative		mitoma nitoma
future/habitual inchoative		motoma
imperative		pagtoma

Conjugation for toma (maka- )

affix		maka-
root word		toma
trigger		actor
aspect
infinitive		makatoma
past/present inchoative		nakatoma
future/habitual inchoative		makatoma

Conjugation for toma (-on )

affix		-on
root word		toma
trigger		object
aspect
infinitive		tomaon
past/present inchoative		gitoma
future/habitual inchoative		tomaon
imperative		tomaa

Chavacano

Etymology

Inherited from Spanish tomar (“to take”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /toˈma/ [to.ˈma]
• Hyphenation: to‧ma

Verb

tomá

1. to drink (an alcoholic beverage, coffee, etc.)

Conjugation

Verb conjugation for toma

	Zamboanga City	Cavite
tense	toma
past	ya toma
present	ta toma
future	ay toma; toma; el toma; (rural/archaic) ey toma	di toma
gerund	tomando	?
past participle	tomao; tomado
infinitive	toma
manner	tomada
reciprocal	tomahan
reciprocal past	ya man tomahan; ya'n tomahan
reciprocal present	ta man tomahan; ta'n tomahan
reciprocal future	ay man tomahan; man tomahan; el man tomahan; (rural/archaic) ey man tomahan
reciprocal infinitive	man tomahan

Galician

Verb

toma

1. inflection of tomar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Irish

Noun

toma

1. vocative plural of tom (“bush, shrub”)
2. genitive singular of tom (“fit, paroxysm”)

Verb

toma

1. present subjunctive analytic of tom (“dip, immerse”)

Mutation

Mutated forms of toma

radical	lenition	eclipsis
toma	thoma	dtoma

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Italian

Etymology

Probably a cousin of French tome (“kind of mountain cheese”), itself from Latin tomus (“slice, portion”). Compare Sicilian tuma.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtɔ.ma/
• Rhymes: -ɔma
• Hyphenation: tò‧ma

Noun

toma f (plural tome)

1. toma

Related terms

• tomatino

Further reading

• Oxford University Press (2016): The Oxford Companion to Cheese

Anagrams

• mota

Japanese

Romanization

toma

1. Rōmaji transcription of とま

Jur Modo

Noun

toma

1. book
   • 1993, Toma Mi Akugu'ba Yowani: Book of Gospel according to John:
   • 1994, toma Mi Tisaki: Book of Genesis:

Synonyms

• buku

Lingala

Etymology

Borrowed from Swahili tuma.

Verb

-toma (infinitive kotoma)

1. to send

Mansaka

Etymology

From tuma, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tumah.

Noun

toma

1. louse

Māori

Noun

toma

1. tomb, mausoleum

   I whakatakotoria tahitia a Mananui rāua ko Nohopapa ki te toma i Pūkawa.

   Mananui and Nohopapa were laid together in the vault at Pūkawa.

Mbati

Noun

toma

1. clay

References

• LePage, Sarah Gloria (2020), "The phonology of Mbati"‎^[2], University of North Dakota

Mongo

Verb

toma

1. to send

Portuguese

Pronunciation

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈtõ.mɐ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈtɔ.mɐ/

• Audio (Portugal (Porto)):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɔmɐ
• Hyphenation: to‧ma

Verb

toma

1. inflection of tomar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtoma/ [ˈt̪o.ma]

• Audio (Colombia):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -oma
• Syllabification: to‧ma

Etymology 1

Deverbal from tomar (“to take”).

Noun

toma f (plural tomas)

1. conquest, capture, taking, takeover

   Synonyms: tomadura, tomamiento, tomada

2. dose, serving
3. (medicine) intake
4. ellipsis of toma de corriente (“socket, connector, outlet (for power, communication, etc.)”)

   Synonyms: enchufe, conexión

5. shot, take, recording
6. (Chile) an act of political civil disobedience through occupation protest that assumes control of a place, often a building or park

Usage notes

• With regards to the political definition this often expressed in English through the verb occupy or simply as a protest and context is given to explain it occurred within a particular place.

Derived terms

• toma de conciencia
• toma de contacto
• toma de decisiones
• toma de posesión
• toma de tierra

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

toma

1. inflection of tomar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Further reading

• “toma”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8.1, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 15 December 2025

Tagalog

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish tomar (“to drink; to take”).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ˈtomaʔ/ [ˈt̪oː.mɐʔ], /ˈtoma/ [ˈt̪oː.mɐ]
• Rhymes: -omaʔ, -oma
• Syllabification: to‧ma

Noun

tomà or toma (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜓᜋ)

1. (colloquial) act of drinking an alcoholic beverage

   Synonyms: tungga, barik

Derived terms

• pagtoma
• pantoma
• patomain
• tomahan
• tomahin
• tumoma

Related terms

• tomar
• tomador
• tomaposesyon

Further reading

• “toma”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, 2018
• Zorc, R. David; San Miguel, Rachel (1993), Tagalog Slang Dictionary‎^[3], Manila: De La Salle University Press, →ISBN

Anagrams

• amot, tamo

Ternate

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈto.ma]

Preposition

toma (Jawi تم)

1. non-human oblique preposition
   1. to

      una owosa toma kamar madaha ― he entered the room (literally, “he went to the room's inside”)

      ifere toma kadatu ― they climbed to the palace

      horu-horu ka toma Disa ― paddle on towards Disa

   2. at, in

      Kie Gamalama itego toma kie makonora ― Mount Gamalama sits in the island's center

      toma ngote maadu ― at the bottom of the stairs

   3. on

      toma wange enage ― on that day

      otego toma kurusi ― he sits on a chair

   4. from

      bifi doro toma meja manyeku ― the ant falls from the desk's top

Usage notes

Toma is only used when the referent is non-human. For human referents, se is used instead.

References

• Frederik Sigismund Alexander de Clercq (1890), Bijdragen tot de kennis der Residentie Ternate, E.J. Brill
• Rika Hayami-Allen (2001), A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh