tomar

See also: Tomar

Asturian

Verb

tomar (first-person singular indicative present tomo, past participle tomáu)

1. to drink (consume liquid through the mouth)
2. to take
3. to cover
4. to go, travel

Conjugation

Conjugation of tomar

infinitive		tomar
gerund		tomando
past participle		m tomáu, f tomada, n tomao, m pl tomaos, f pl tomaes
person		first singular yo	second singular tu	third singular él/elli	first plural nosotros/nós	second plural vosotros/vós	third plural ellos
indicative	present	tomo	tomes	toma	tomamos	tomáis	tomen
	imperfect	tomaba	tomabes	tomaba	tomábemos, tomábamos	tomabeis, tomabais	tomaben
	preterite	tomé	tomasti, tomesti	tomó	tomemos	tomastis, tomestis	tomaron
	pluperfect	tomare, tomara	tomares, tomaras	tomare, tomara	tomáremos, tomáramos	tomareis, tomarais	tomaren, tomaran
	future	tomaré	tomarás	tomará	tomaremos	tomaréis	tomarán
	conditional	tomaría	tomaríes	tomaría	tomaríemos, tomaríamos	tomaríeis, tomaríais	tomaríen
subjunctive	present	tome	tomes, tomas	tome	tomemos	toméis	tomen, toman
	imperfect	tomare, tomara	tomares, tomaras	tomare, tomara	tomáremos, tomáramos	tomareis, tomarais	tomaren, tomaran
imperative		—	toma	—	—	tomái	—

Bikol Central

Alternative forms

• tumar

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish tomar (“to take”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /toˈmaɾ/, [toˈmaɾ]
• Hyphenation: to‧mar

Verb

tomár (Basahan spelling ᜆᜓᜋᜍ᜔) (rare, transitive)

1. to take medicine

   Synonym: inom

2. to swallow a pill

   Synonyms: halon, hamil

Derived terms

• magtomar
• tomaron

 

Catalan

Etymology

From pomar, from Latin palma (“hand”), influenced by Spanish tomar.

Pronunciation

• (Balearic) IPA^(key): /toˈma/
• (Central) IPA^(key): /tuˈma/
• (Valencian) IPA^(key): /toˈmaɾ/

Verb

tomar (first-person singular present tomo, past participle tomat)

1. (transitive) to catch

Conjugation

Conjugation of tomar (first conjugation)

infinitive			tomar
present participle			tomant
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		tomat		tomada
		plural		tomats		tomades
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	tomo	tomes	toma	tomem	tomeu	tomen
	imperfect	tomava	tomaves	tomava	tomàvem	tomàveu	tomaven
	future	tomaré	tomaràs	tomarà	tomarem	tomareu	tomaran
	preterite	tomí	tomares	tomà	tomàrem	tomàreu	tomaren
	conditional	tomaria	tomaries	tomaria	tomaríem	tomaríeu	tomarien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	tomi	tomis	tomi	tomem	tomeu	tomin
	imperfect	tomés	tomessis	tomés	toméssim	toméssiu	tomessin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
		—	toma	tomi	tomem	tomeu	tomin

Further reading

• “tomar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
• “tomar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2023
• “tomar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

Cebuano

Verb

tomar

1. Alternative spelling of tumar

Galician

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese tomar, of unknown origin; perhaps from Latin autumāre or from Germanic. Compare Portuguese and Spanish tomar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /toˈmaɾ/

Verb

tomar (first-person singular present tomo, first-person singular preterite tomei, past participle tomado)

1. (transitive) to take

   Synonym: coller

2. (transitive) to grab

   Synonym: agarrar

3. (transitive) to seize, to capture

   Synonyms: conquistar, prender

4. (transitive) to drink

   Synonym: beber

5. (transitive) to take (food, a pill, etc)

   Synonym: comer

6. (transitive) to sunbathe

   Synonym: asollar

   Ven acó tomar o sol.

   Come here to sunbathe.

7. (transitive with por) to accept, to receive

Conjugation

    Conjugation of tomar

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti)	Third-person (el / ela / Vde.)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal	tomar
Personal	tomar	tomares	tomar	tomarmos	tomardes	tomaren
Gerund
	tomando
Past participle
Masculine	tomado			tomados
Feminine	tomada			tomadas
Indicative
Present	tomo	tomas	toma	tomamos	tomades	toman
Imperfect	tomaba	tomabas	tomaba	tomabamos	tomabades	tomaban
Preterite	tomei	tomaches	tomou	tomamos	tomastes	tomaron
Pluperfect	tomara	tomaras	tomara	tomaramos	tomarades	tomaran
Future	tomarei	tomarás	tomará	tomaremos	tomaredes	tomarán
Conditional	tomaría	tomarías	tomaría	tomariamos	tomariades	tomarían
Subjunctive
Present	tome	tomes	tome	tomemos	tomedes	tomen
Imperfect	tomase	tomases	tomase	tomásemos	tomásedes	tomasen
Future	tomar	tomares	tomar	tomarmos	tomardes	tomaren
Imperative
Affirmative		toma	tome	tomemos	tomade	tomen
Negative (non)		non tomes	non tome	non tomemos	non tomedes	non tomen

    Reintegrated conjugation of tomar (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti / tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	tomar
Personal	tomar	tomares	tomar	tomarmos	tomardes	tomarem
Gerund
	tomando
Past participle
Masculine	tomado			tomados
Feminine	tomada			tomadas
Indicative
Present	tomo	tomas	toma	tomamos	tomades, tomais	tomam
Imperfect	tomava	tomavas	tomava	tomávamos	tomávades, tomáveis, tomávais1	tomavam
Preterite	tomei	tomaste, tomache1	tomou	tomamos	tomastes	tomárom, tomaram
Pluperfect	tomara	tomaras	tomara	tomáramos	tomárades, tomáreis, tomárais1	tomaram
Future	tomarei	tomarás	tomará	tomaremos	tomaredes, tomareis	tomarám, tomarão
Conditional	tomaria	tomarias	tomaria	tomaríamos	tomaríades, tomaríeis, tomaríais1	tomariam
Subjunctive
Present	tome	tomes	tome	tomemos	tomedes, tomeis	tomem
Imperfect	tomasse	tomasses	tomasse	tomássemos	tomássedes, tomásseis	tomassem
Future	tomar	tomares	tomar	tomarmos	tomardes	tomarem
Imperative
Affirmative		toma	tome	tomemos	tomade, tomai	tomem
Negative (nom)		nom tomes	nom tome	nom tomemos	nom tomedes, nom tomeis	nom tomem

¹Less recommended.

Derived terms

• tomada

References

• “tomar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
• “tomar” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
• “toom” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
• “tomar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
• “tomar” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
• “tomar” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

Old Galician-Portuguese

Etymology

Unknown.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /to.ˈmaɾ/
• Rhymes: -aɾ

Verb

tomar

1. to take; to seize
   • 13th century CE, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, E codex, cantiga 26 (facsimile):

     e logo chegar..a alma tomar demões q̇ a leuarõ. mui toſte ſẽ tardar

     and soon devils arrived, seizing the soul and took it very quickly without delay

Conjugation

    Conjugation of tomar

infinitive			tomar
gerund			tomando
past participle				singular		plural
		masculine		tomado		tomada
		feminine		tomados		tomadas
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		eu	tu	el~ele ela vossa mercee	nós nós outros nós outras	vós vós outros vós outras	eles elas
	present	tomo	tomas	toma	tomamos	tomades	tomam¹, toman²
	imperfect	tomava	tomavas	tomava	tomávamos	tomavades	tomavam¹, tomavan²
	preterite	tomei	tomaste¹, tomasche²	tomou	tomamos	tomastes	tomarom¹, tomaron²
	pluperfect	tomara	tomaras	tomara	tomaramos	tomaredes	tomaram¹, tomaran²
	future	tomarei	tomarás	tomará	tomaremos	tomaredes	tomarán
	conditional	tomaria	tomarias	tomaria	tomariamos	tomariades	tomariam¹, tomarian²
subjunctive		eu	tu	el~ele ela vossa mercee	nós nós outros nós outras	vós vós outros vós outras	eles elas
	present	tome	tomes	tome	tomemos	tomedes	tomem¹, tomen²
	preterite	tomasse	tomasses	tomasse	tomássemos	tomássedes	tomassem¹, tomassen²
	future	tomar	tomares	tomar	tomarmos	tomardes	tomarem¹, tomaren²
imperative		—	tu	vossa mercee	nós nós outros nós outras	vós vós outros vós outras	—
	affirmative	—	toma	tome	tomemos	tomade	—
	negative	—	non tomes	non tome	non tomemos	non tomedes	—
personal infinitive		eu	tu	el~ele ela vossa mercee	nós nós outros nós outras	vós vós outros vós outras	eles elas
		tomar	tomares	tomar	tomarmos	tomardes	tomarem¹, tomaren²
¹ Used in Portugal ² Used in Galicia

Descendants

• Galician: tomar
• Portuguese: tomar

Portuguese

Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese tomar, of unknown origin. Possibly derived from Latin autumāre (“to reckon; to affirm”). Compare Galician and Spanish tomar.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /toˈma(ʁ)/ [toˈma(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /toˈma(ʁ)/ [toˈma(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /toˈma(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /toˈma(ʁ)/ [toˈma(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /toˈma(ɻ)/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /tuˈmaɾ/

• Homophone: Tomar

• Audio

  (file)

Verb

tomar (first-person singular present tomo, first-person singular preterite tomei, past participle tomado)

1. (transitive) to take (to get something into one’s possession or control)

   Fui ao banco tomar meu dinheiro.

   I went to the bank to get my money.

   1. (transitive, military) to take; to conquer (to seize control of a location)

      Os cruzados tomaram Jerusalém.

      The crusaders took Jerusalem.

   2. (transitive) to steal (to take something illegally)

      O ladrão tomou todo o meu dinheiro.

      The thief has taken all my money.

2. (transitive) to take; to receive (to be the victim of an interaction)

   Tomei um soco na cara.

   I took a punch to the face.

3. (transitive, applicable to some nouns) to put into practice

   tomar uma decisão

   to make a decision

   tomar medidas

   to take measures

4. (ditransitive, with the indirect object taking por) to take for; to consider; to regard (to have a certain opinion about someone or something)

   Eu tomei a Maria por corrupta.

   I took Mary for a corrupt woman.

5. (transitive) to take into the body
   1. (transitive) to drink (to ingest a liquid)

      Eu tomei suco.

      I drank juice.

   2. (intransitive, by extension) to drink (to consume alcoholic beverages, especially habitually)

      Ele toma muito, durante os finais de semana.

      He drinks a lot on weekends.

   3. (transitive) to take (to use a medicine)

      Esqueci-me de tomar os antidepressivos.

      I forgot to take the antidepressants.

6. (transitive) to take; to experience, undergo

   tomar um banho

   to take a shower

Conjugation

    Conjugation of tomar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	tomar
Personal	tomar	tomares	tomar	tomarmos	tomardes	tomarem
Gerund
	tomando
Past participle
Masculine	tomado			tomados
Feminine	tomada			tomadas
Indicative
Present	tomo	tomas	toma	tomamos	tomais	tomam
Imperfect	tomava	tomavas	tomava	tomávamos	tomáveis	tomavam
Preterite	tomei	tomaste	tomou	tomamos1, tomámos2	tomastes	tomaram
Pluperfect	tomara	tomaras	tomara	tomáramos	tomáreis	tomaram
Future	tomarei	tomarás	tomará	tomaremos	tomareis	tomarão
Conditional	tomaria	tomarias	tomaria	tomaríamos	tomaríeis	tomariam
Subjunctive
Present	tome	tomes	tome	tomemos	tomeis	tomem
Imperfect	tomasse	tomasses	tomasse	tomássemos	tomásseis	tomassem
Future	tomar	tomares	tomar	tomarmos	tomardes	tomarem
Imperative
Affirmative		toma	tome	tomemos	tomai	tomem
Negative (não)		não tomes	não tome	não tomemos	não tomeis	não tomem

¹Brazil.
²Portugal.

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:tomar.

Synonyms

• (to take): pegar
• (to steal): roubar
• (to consider as): considerar (como)
• (to drink): beber
• (to drink alcohol): beber

Derived terms

• tomada

Spanish

Etymology

Uncertain. Possibly from Vulgar Latin *tumāre, aphaeresis of Latin autumāre (“to affirm (the right to own/possess something)”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /toˈmaɾ/ [t̪oˈmaɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: to‧mar

Verb

tomar (first-person singular present tomo, first-person singular preterite tomé, past participle tomado)

1. to take

   Los niños toman clases de inglés

   The children take English classes

   Me tomó mucho tiempo

   It took me a long time

   Tómalo con calma.

   Take it easy.

   Me tomaron por un loco.

   They took me for a lunatic.

   • 2015 December, “Cine venezolano después del 6D”, in El Nacional‎^[2]:

     Dependerá de cada quien tomarlas en consideración o no.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

2. to drink, have (especially an alcoholic beverage)

   Synonym: beber

   Tomo una sidra.

   I'll have a cider.

3. to take (travel by means of)

   Synonym: (Spain) coger

   tomar el tren ― to take the train

Conjugation

    Conjugation of tomar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			tomar
gerund			tomando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		tomado		tomada
		plural		tomados		tomadas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	tomo	tomastú tomásvos	toma	tomamos	tomáis	toman
	imperfect	tomaba	tomabas	tomaba	tomábamos	tomabais	tomaban
	preterite	tomé	tomaste	tomó	tomamos	tomasteis	tomaron
	future	tomaré	tomarás	tomará	tomaremos	tomaréis	tomarán
	conditional	tomaría	tomarías	tomaría	tomaríamos	tomaríais	tomarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	tome	tomestú tomésvos2	tome	tomemos	toméis	tomen
	imperfect (ra)	tomara	tomaras	tomara	tomáramos	tomarais	tomaran
	imperfect (se)	tomase	tomases	tomase	tomásemos	tomaseis	tomasen
	future1	tomare	tomares	tomare	tomáremos	tomareis	tomaren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		tomatú tomávos	tome	tomemos	tomad	tomen
	negative		no tomes	no tome	no tomemos	no toméis	no tomen

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of tomar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive tomar
	dative	tomarme	tomarte	tomarle, tomarse	tomarnos	tomaros	tomarles, tomarse
	accusative	tomarme	tomarte	tomarlo, tomarla, tomarse	tomarnos	tomaros	tomarlos, tomarlas, tomarse
with gerund tomando
	dative	tomándome	tomándote	tomándole, tomándose	tomándonos	tomándoos	tomándoles, tomándose
	accusative	tomándome	tomándote	tomándolo, tomándola, tomándose	tomándonos	tomándoos	tomándolos, tomándolas, tomándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative toma
	dative	tómame	tómate	tómale	tómanos	not used	tómales
	accusative	tómame	tómate	tómalo, tómala	tómanos	not used	tómalos, tómalas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative tomá
	dative	tomame	tomate	tomale	tomanos	not used	tomales
	accusative	tomame	tomate	tomalo, tomala	tomanos	not used	tomalos, tomalas
with formal second-person singular imperative tome
	dative	tómeme	not used	tómele, tómese	tómenos	not used	tómeles
	accusative	tómeme	not used	tómelo, tómela, tómese	tómenos	not used	tómelos, tómelas
with first-person plural imperative tomemos
	dative	not used	tomémoste	tomémosle	tomémonos	tomémoos	tomémosles
	accusative	not used	tomémoste	tomémoslo, tomémosla	tomémonos	tomémoos	tomémoslos, tomémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative tomad
	dative	tomadme	not used	tomadle	tomadnos	tomaos	tomadles
	accusative	tomadme	not used	tomadlo, tomadla	tomadnos	tomaos	tomadlos, tomadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative tomen
	dative	tómenme	not used	tómenle	tómennos	not used	tómenles, tómense
	accusative	tómenme	not used	tómenlo, tómenla	tómennos	not used	tómenlos, tómenlas, tómense

Derived terms

• a tomar por culo
• a tomar por el culo
• a tomar por saco
• irse a tomar viento
• para dar y tomar
• retomar
• toma
• toma corte
• toma y daca
• tomacorrientes
• tomadura
• tomar a pecho
• tomar aire
• tomar armas
• tomar asiento
• tomar cartas en el asunto
• tomar conciencia
• tomar cuerpo
• tomar el aire
• tomar el pelo
• tomar el sol
• tomar el toro por los cuernos
• tomar en cuenta
• tomar la alternativa
• tomar la delantera
• tomar la palabra
• tomar las armas
• tomar nota
• tomar partido
• tomar por culo
• tomar por saco
• tomar posesión
• tomar una posición (“to take a stand, to take a position”)
• tomar una siesta
• tomarse la justicia por su mano
• tomavistas

 

Further reading

• “tomar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014

Turkish

Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish طومار‎ (tomar).

Noun

tomar (definite accusative tomarı, plural tomarlar)

1. scroll
2. a great quantity of paper or money

Declension

Inflection
Nominative	tomar
Definite accusative	tomarı
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	tomar	tomarlar
Definite accusative	tomarı	tomarları
Dative	tomara	tomarlara
Locative	tomarda	tomarlarda
Ablative	tomardan	tomarlardan
Genitive	tomarın	tomarların
Possessive forms Nominative Singular Plural 1st singular tomarım tomarlarım 2nd singular tomarın tomarların 3rd singular tomarı tomarları 1st plural tomarımız tomarlarımız 2nd plural tomarınız tomarlarınız 3rd plural tomarları tomarları Definite accusative Singular Plural 1st singular tomarımı tomarlarımı 2nd singular tomarını tomarlarını 3rd singular tomarını tomarlarını 1st plural tomarımızı tomarlarımızı 2nd plural tomarınızı tomarlarınızı 3rd plural tomarlarını tomarlarını Dative Singular Plural 1st singular tomarıma tomarlarıma 2nd singular tomarına tomarlarına 3rd singular tomarına tomarlarına 1st plural tomarımıza tomarlarımıza 2nd plural tomarınıza tomarlarınıza 3rd plural tomarlarına tomarlarına Locative Singular Plural 1st singular tomarımda tomarlarımda 2nd singular tomarında tomarlarında 3rd singular tomarında tomarlarında 1st plural tomarımızda tomarlarımızda 2nd plural tomarınızda tomarlarınızda 3rd plural tomarlarında tomarlarında Ablative Singular Plural 1st singular tomarımdan tomarlarımdan 2nd singular tomarından tomarlarından 3rd singular tomarından tomarlarından 1st plural tomarımızdan tomarlarımızdan 2nd plural tomarınızdan tomarlarınızdan 3rd plural tomarlarından tomarlarından Genitive Singular Plural 1st singular tomarımın tomarlarımın 2nd singular tomarının tomarlarının 3rd singular tomarının tomarlarının 1st plural tomarımızın tomarlarımızın 2nd plural tomarınızın tomarlarınızın 3rd plural tomarlarının tomarlarının

Further reading

• tomar in Turkish dictionaries at Türk Dil Kurumu