略
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See also: 畧
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Translingual
[edit]Stroke order | |||
Japan![]() |
Han character
[edit]略 (Kangxi radical 102, 田+6, 11 strokes, cangjie input 田竹水口 (WHER), four-corner 67064, composition ⿰田各)
Derived characters
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 762, character 9
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21839
- Dae Jaweon: page 1172, character 8
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2541, character 11
- Unihan data for U+7565
Chinese
[edit]simp. and trad. |
略 | |
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alternative forms | 畧 |
Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character 略 |
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Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
Small seal script |
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Old Chinese | |
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髂 | *kʰraːɡs |
路 | *ɡ·raːɡs |
輅 | *ɡ·raːɡs |
賂 | *ɡ·raːɡs |
虂 | *ɡ·raːɡs |
露 | *ɡ·raːɡs |
潞 | *raːɡs |
鷺 | *raːɡs |
璐 | *raːɡs |
簬 | *raːɡs |
簵 | *ɡ·raːɡs |
洛 | *ɡ·raːɡ |
駱 | *ɡ·raːɡ |
絡 | *ɡ·raːɡ |
酪 | *ɡ·raːɡ |
烙 | *ɡ·raːɡ |
雒 | *ɡ·raːɡ |
珞 | *ɡ·raːɡ |
硌 | *ɡ·raːɡ |
袼 | *ɡ·raːɡ, *klaːɡ |
笿 | *ɡ·raːɡ |
鉻 | *ɡ·raːɡ, *kraːɡ |
鮥 | *ɡ·raːɡ |
鵅 | *ɡ·raːɡ, *kraːɡ |
挌 | *ɡ·raːɡ, *kraːɡ |
落 | *ɡ·raːɡ |
各 | *klaːɡ |
胳 | *klaːɡ |
閣 | *klaːɡ |
格 | *klaːɡ, *kraːɡ |
擱 | *klaːɡ |
恪 | *kʰlaːɡ |
愙 | *kʰaːɡ |
貉 | *ɡlaːɡ, *mɡraːɡ |
狢 | *ɡlaːɡ |
佫 | *ɡlaːɡ |
略 | *ɡ·raɡ |
茖 | *kraːɡ |
骼 | *kraːɡ |
觡 | *kraːɡ |
蛒 | *kraːɡ |
敋 | *kraːɡ |
客 | *kʰraːɡ |
喀 | *kʰraːɡ |
揢 | *kʰraːɡ |
額 | *ŋɡraːɡ |
峉 | *ŋɡraːɡ |
頟 | *ŋɡraːɡ |
詻 | *ŋɡraːɡ |
垎 | *ɡraːɡ |
楁 | *ɡraːɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *ɡ·raɡ) : semantic 田 (“field”) + phonetic 各 (OC *klaːɡ) – to walk around a field (to outline it).
Etymology
[edit]- "to plunder, to pillage"
- Possibly Sino-Tibetan (Schuessler, 2007). Compare Mizo rawk (“to loot, to raid (not to kill)”). STEDT provisionally sets up Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ʔ-m-(p)rawk, which is likely an allofam of Proto-Kuki-Chin *m-ru:k "to steal".
- 掠 (lüè) is a graphic variant of this sense.
- "sharp"
- "From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *(m/b)rak (“to cut, tear, maul, lacerate”). Cognate with Burmese မြက် (mrak, “to cut keenly”) and မြ (mra., “sharp”), Jingpho mya (“torn, ragged”), Dimasa [script needed] (džə brau, “to scratch, maul, claw”), Drung pra (“to cut (with sharp instruments)”).
- "to trace out; to measure (an area); to plan; plan, method; boundary, frontier"
- Possible allofams are 慮 (OC *ras, “outline, sketch”) and possibly 量 (OC *raŋ, *raŋs, “to measure (v.), a measure (n.)”)
- "outline, sketch, strategy, summary, brief"
- Possibly same etymon as sense "to trace out, to plan". Possibly cognate with 路 (OC *ɡ·raːɡs, “road”)
- "to omit, to leave out"
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): loek6
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): lio̍k
- Northern Min (KCR): liŏ̤
- Eastern Min (BUC): liŏk
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 8liaq
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄌㄩㄝˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: lyuè
- Wade–Giles: lüeh4
- Yale: lywè
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: liueh
- Palladius: люэ (ljue)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ly̯ɛ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: loek6
- Yale: leuhk
- Cantonese Pinyin: loek9
- Guangdong Romanization: lêg6
- Sinological IPA (key): /lœːk̚²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: lio̍k
- Hakka Romanization System: liog
- Hagfa Pinyim: liog6
- Sinological IPA: /li̯ok̚⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: liŏ̤
- Sinological IPA (key): /liɔ²⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: liŏk
- Sinological IPA (key): /l̃uoʔ⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lio̍k
- Tâi-lô: lio̍k
- Phofsit Daibuun: liok
- IPA (Quanzhou): /liɔk̚²⁴/
- IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen): /liɔk̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lia̍k
- Tâi-lô: lia̍k
- Phofsit Daibuun: liak
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /liak̚¹²¹/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /liak̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
Note:
- lio̍k/lia̍k - literary;
- lio̍h - vernacular.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: liag8 / lioh8 / liêh8
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: lia̍k / lio̍h / lie̍h
- Sinological IPA (key): /liak̚⁴/, /lioʔ⁴/, /lieʔ⁴/
Note:
- liag8 - literary;
- lioh8/liêh8 - vernacular (liêh8 - Chaozhou).
- Dialectal data
Variety | Location | 略 |
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Mandarin | Beijing | /lyɛ⁵¹/ |
Harbin | /liau⁵³/ /lyɛ⁵³/ | |
Tianjin | /lye⁵³/ | |
Jinan | /luə²¹/ | |
Qingdao | /lyə⁴²/ | |
Zhengzhou | /lyo²⁴/ | |
Xi'an | /luo⁵³/ | |
Xining | /lyu⁵³/ | |
Yinchuan | /lye¹³/ | |
Lanzhou | /lyə¹³/ | |
Ürümqi | /lyɤ²¹³/ | |
Wuhan | /nio²¹³/ | |
Chengdu | /nyo³¹/ | |
Guiyang | /nio²¹/ | |
Kunming | /lio³¹/ | |
Nanjing | /loʔ⁵/ | |
Hefei | /lyɐʔ⁵/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /lyəʔ²/ |
Pingyao | /liʌʔ¹³/ | |
Hohhot | /liaʔ⁴³/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /liaʔ¹/ |
Suzhou | /liɑʔ³/ | |
Hangzhou | /liɑʔ²/ | |
Wenzhou | /liɛ²¹³/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /liɔ²²/ |
Tunxi | ||
Xiang | Changsha | /lio²⁴/ |
Xiangtan | /nio²⁴/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /liɔʔ⁵/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /liok̚⁵/ |
Taoyuan | /liok̚⁵⁵/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /lœk̚²/ |
Nanning | /lœk̚²²/ | |
Hong Kong | /lœk̚²/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /liɔk̚⁵/ |
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /luoʔ⁵/ | |
Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /liɔ²⁴/ | |
Shantou (Teochew) | /liak̚⁵/ /lioʔ⁵/ | |
Haikou (Hainanese) | /liɔk̚³/ /lio³³/ |
- Middle Chinese: ljak
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[r]ak/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ɡ·raɡ/
Definitions
[edit]略
- † to draw boundaries; to outline; to trace out
- † boundary; outline; border
- plan; strategy; summary; outline
- brief; abbreviated
- to omit; to leave out
- slightly; marginally
- approximately; roughly
- to plunder; to pillage
- † sharp; keen (Shi)
Compounds
[edit]- 七略
- 三略 (Sānlüè)
- 中略
- 事略 (shìlüè)
- 伽利略 (jiālìlüè)
- 侵略 (qīnlüè)
- 侵略主義/侵略主义 (qīnlüè zhǔyì)
- 儒略曆/儒略历 (rúlüèlì)
- 六韜三略/六韬三略
- 兵略
- 劫略
- 勇略 (yǒnglüè)
- 卻略/却略
- 商略
- 大戰略/大战略
- 大略 (dàlüè)
- 奧理略/奥理略
- 奧略/奥略
- 安大略湖 (Āndàlüè Hú)
- 宏材大略
- 封略
- 將略/将略
- 崖略 (yálüè)
- 幹略/干略
- 廟略/庙略
- 建國方略/建国方略
- 志略
- 忽略 (hūlüè)
- 戰略/战略 (zhànlüè)
- 戰略思想/战略思想
- 戰略物資/战略物资
- 戰略計畫/战略计画
- 戰略轟炸/战略轰炸
- 所見略同/所见略同 (suǒjiànlüètóng)
- 才略 (cáilüè)
- 攻城略地 (gōngchénglüèdì)
- 文經武略/文经武略
- 文韜武略/文韬武略
- 方技略
- 方略 (fānglüè)
- 智略 (zhìlüè)
- 核子戰略/核子战略
- 概略 (gàilüè)
- 權略/权略 (quánlüè)
- 略估
- 略勝一籌/略胜一筹 (lüèshèngyīchóu)
- 略喻
- 略圖/略图 (lüètú)
- 略地 (lüèdì)
- 略地侵城
- 略地攻城
- 略影
- 略微 (lüèwēi)
- 略懂
- 略施小技
- 略施小計/略施小计
- 略施薄懲/略施薄惩
- 略有耳聞/略有耳闻
- 略無參商/略无参商
- 略略 (lüèlüè)
- 略盡情誼/略尽情谊
- 略知一二 (lüèzhīyī'èr)
- 略知皮毛
- 略綽/略绰
- 略見一斑/略见一斑
- 略語/略语 (lüèyǔ)
- 略誘/略诱
- 略識之無/略识之无
- 略賣/略卖
- 略跡原心/略迹原心
- 略跡原情/略迹原情 (lüèjìyuánqíng)
- 略述
- 略遜一籌/略逊一筹
- 略陳管見/略陈管见
- 略高一籌/略高一筹
- 疏謀少略/疏谋少略
- 省略 (shěnglüè)
- 省略號/省略号 (shěnglüèhào)
- 策略 (cèlüè)
- 節略/节略
- 節略版/节略版
- 簡略/简略 (jiǎnlüè)
- 籌略/筹略
- 粗略 (cūlüè)
- 紀略/纪略
- 約略/约略 (yuēlüè)
- 經略/经略
- 缺略
- 脫略/脱略
- 膽略/胆略 (dǎnlüè)
- 艾儒略
- 艾略特
- 草略 (cǎolüè)
- 蘇必略湖/苏必略湖 (Sūbìlüè Hú)
- 虎略龍韜/虎略龙韬
- 要略 (yàolüè)
- 規略/规略
- 計略/计略 (jìlüè)
- 詳略/详略
- 諸子略/诸子略
- 謀略/谋略 (móulüè)
- 豁略大度
- 豹略
- 軍事戰略/军事战略
- 軍略/军略
- 較略/较略
- 輯略/辑略
- 過人才略/过人才略
- 遠略/远略
- 金匱要略/金匮要略
- 長算遠略/长算远略
- 開國方略/开国方略
- 闊略/阔略
- 雄才大略 (xióngcáidàlüè)
- 雄材偉略/雄材伟略
- 雄略
- 霸王略
- 霸略
- 韜略/韬略 (tāolüè)
- 韻略/韵略
- 領略/领略 (lǐnglüè)
- 額我略曆/额我略历
- 龍韜虎略/龙韬虎略
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]略
- plan, strategy
- to omit
- to abbreviate
- to invade
Readings
[edit]- Go-on: らく (raku)
- Kan-on: りゃく (ryaku, Jōyō)
- Kun: おさめる (osameru, 略める); はかる (hakaru, 略る); はかりごと (hakarigoto, 略)
Compounds
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Kanji in this term |
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略 |
りゃく Grade: 5 |
on'yomi |
Noun
[edit]- omission
- 以下略
- ikaryaku
- as above
- 以下略
- abbreviation; short for
- 特急は特別急行の略。
- Tokkyū wa tokubetsukyūkō no ryaku.
- Tokkyū is the abbreviation of tokubetsukyūkō.
- 特急は特別急行の略。
References
[edit]Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]略 (eumhun 간략할 략 (gallyakhal ryak), word-initial (South Korea) 간략할 약 (gallyakhal yak))
略 (eumhun 다스릴 략 (daseuril ryak), word-initial (South Korea) 다스릴 약 (daseuril yak))
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]略: Hán Nôm readings: lược, trước
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
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