溫良恭儉讓

See also: 温良恭倹譲

Chinese

		(luke)warm; to review	good; very; very much	respectful	frugal; to be in need	to ask; to let; permit to ask; to let; permit; have (someone do something); to yield; to allow
trad. (溫良恭儉讓)		溫	良	恭	儉	讓
simp. (温良恭俭让)		温	良	恭	俭	让

Etymology

From the Analects:

子禽問於子貢曰：「夫子至於是邦也，必聞其政，求之與？抑與之與？」子貢曰：「夫子溫、良、恭、儉、讓以得之。夫子之求之也，其諸異乎人之求之與？」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]

---

子禽问于子贡曰：「夫子至于是邦也，必闻其政，求之与？抑与之与？」子贡曰：「夫子温、良、恭、俭、让以得之。夫子之求之也，其诸异乎人之求之与？」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

Zǐ Qín wèn yú Zǐ Gòng yuē: “Fūzǐ zhì yú shì bāng yě, bì wén qí zhèng, qiú zhī yú? Yì yǔ zhī yú?” Zǐ Gòng yuē: “Fūzǐ wēn, liáng, gōng, jiǎn, ràng yǐ dé zhī. Fūzǐ zhī qiú zhī yě, qízhū yì hū rén zhī qiú zhī yú?” [Pinyin]

Zi Qin asked Zi Gong, saying, "When our master comes to any country, he does not fail to learn all about its government. Does he ask his information? or is it given to him?" Zi Gong said, "Our master is benign, upright, courteous, temperate, and complaisant and thus he gets his information. The master's mode of asking information! - is it not different from that of other men?"

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): wēnliánggōngjiǎnràng

  (Zhuyin): ㄨㄣ ㄌㄧㄤˊ ㄍㄨㄥ ㄐㄧㄢˇ ㄖㄤˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): wan¹ loeng⁴ gung¹ gim⁶ joeng⁶

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: wēnliánggōngjiǎnràng
    • Zhuyin: ㄨㄣ ㄌㄧㄤˊ ㄍㄨㄥ ㄐㄧㄢˇ ㄖㄤˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: wunliánggongjiǎnràng
    • Wade–Giles: wên¹-liang²-kung¹-chien³-jang⁴
    • Yale: wēn-lyáng-gūng-jyǎn-ràng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: uenlianggongjeanranq
    • Palladius: вэньлянгунцзяньжан (vɛnʹljangunczjanʹžan)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /wən⁵⁵ li̯ɑŋ³⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʐɑŋ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: wan¹ loeng⁴ gung¹ gim⁶ joeng⁶
    • Yale: wān lèuhng gūng gihm yeuhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: wan¹ loeng⁴ gung¹ gim⁶ joeng⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: wen¹ lêng⁴ gung¹ gim⁶ yêng⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɐn⁵⁵ lœːŋ²¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵ kiːm²² jœːŋ²²/

Idiom

溫良恭儉讓

1. the five Confucian virtues of cordiality, kindness, courtesy, restraint, and modesty

   • 革命不是請客吃飯，不是做文章，不是繪畫繡花，不能那樣雅致，那樣從容不迫，文質彬彬，那樣溫良恭儉讓。革命是暴動，是一個階級推翻一個階級的暴烈行動。 [MSC, trad.]
     革命不是请客吃饭，不是做文章，不是绘画绣花，不能那样雅致，那样从容不迫，文质彬彬，那样温良恭俭让。革命是暴动，是一个阶级推翻一个阶级的暴烈行动。 [MSC, simp.]

     From: 1927, 毛澤東 (Mao Zedong), 《湖南農民運動考察報告》 (Report on an Investigation of the Peasant Movement in Hunan), 《毛澤東選集》. English translation based on the Foreign Languages Press edition

     Gémìng bùshì qǐngkè chīfàn, bùshì zuòwénzhāng, bùshì huìhuà xiùhuā, bùnéng nàyàng yǎzhì, nàyàng cóngróngbùpò, wénzhìbīnbīn, nàyàng wēnliánggōngjiǎnràng. Gémìng shì bàodòng, shì yī ge jiējí tuīfān yī ge jiējí de bàoliè xíngdòng. [Pinyin]

     [A] revolution is not a dinner party, or writing an essay, or painting a picture, or doing embroidery; it cannot be so refined, so leisurely and gentle, so temperate, kind, courteous, restrained and magnanimous. A revolution is an insurrection, an act of violence by which one class overthrows another.

See also

• 溫良恭儉／温良恭俭 (wēnliánggōngjiǎn)
• 溫良儉讓／温良俭让