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admiral

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: Admiral, admirál, and admirał

English

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English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
The seal of George of Antioch, first "admiral" of Sicily, with his title in Greek (ΑΜΗΡΑϹ, Amēras)
Florent de Varennes, first admiral of France, with Louis IX on the Eighth Crusade
VAdm Horatio Nelson, RN, in Trafalgar Square, London
FADM Chester Nimitz, USN

Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Middle English admiral etc., from Anglo-Norman and Old French admiral etc., from Medieval Latin admiralis, admirallus, and admiralius, from irregular modification of amiralis etc. under the influence of the prefix ad- and particularly admiror (“to admire, respect”), from Arabic أَمِير (ʔamīr, “commander”) + -alis (“-al”). The ending is frequently but mistakenly folk etymologized to derive from the article ال (al-), particularly in Arabic أَمِير اَلبَحْر (ʔamīr al-baḥr, “commander of the sea”), first attested as a Fatimid office, or in Arabic أَمِير الْمُؤْمِنِين (ʔamīr al-muʔminīn, “Commander of the Believers, caliph”). It seems instead to have been borrowed from modification of only the first term in Arabic أَمِير الْأُمَرَاء (ʔamīr al-ʔumarāʔ, “emir of emirs, commander-in-chief”) as used as a title for important commanders in Norman Sicily in the mid-12th century. First attested as an English rank in reference to Gervase Alard of Winchelsea as "admiral of the fleet of the Cinque Ports".[1] Doublet of emir, amir, Amir, and amira.

    Etymology tree
    Middle English admiral
    English admiral

    Pronunciation

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    • (UK, General Australian) IPA(key): /ˈædməɹəl/, /ˈædmɹəl/, /ˈædməɹl/
    • (US, Canada) IPA(key): /ˈædməɹəl/, /ˈædmɚəl/
      • Audio (US):(file)
    • Hyphenation: ad‧mir‧al

    Noun

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    admiral (plural admirals)

    2. (military, now informal) The commander of a naval squadron or fleet, regardless of formal rank. [1429]
    4. (military) The appointed commander of a navy, regardless of formal title. [1440]
    6. (military) A high rank in the British and American Navies, NATO grade OF-9, equivalent ranks in other navies, in coast guards, etc.
      • 1776 September 4, John Paul Jones, letter to Robert Morris:
        ... from my experience in Ours as well as from my former intimacy with many Officers of Note in the British Navy, I am convinced that the Parity of Rank between Sea & land or Marine Officers, is of more consequence to the harmony of the Service, than hath generally been imagined. — in the British Establishment — an Admiral ranks with a Genl a Vice Admiral with a Lieut Genl a Rear Admiral with a Major Genl a Commodore with a Brigadier Genl — a Captain with a Colonel, a master & Commander with a Lieut Colnel — a Lieut. Commanding with a Major, and a Lieutenant in the Navy Ranks with a Captain of Horse, Foot or Marines. — I propose not our Enemies as an Example for our Genl imitation — Yet as their Navy is the best regulated of any in the World, we must in Some degree imitate them and Aim at such further improvement as may one day make ours Vie with and Exceed theirs.
      • 1836 March 17, 'Candor', "The Navy", Army and Navy Chronicle, Vol. II, No. 11, p. 173:
        He has appealed to the navies of Europe to prove, that we ought to have Admirals; then, of course he is willing, or at least ought to be so, to let their rules govern in promoting to that grade. The general principle which governs the navies of the old world is... when the Post is attained, then promotion is by inheritance... If a Post Captain in the English navy lives long enough, he is certain of being an Admiral, though not before he is sixty years of age... Hence it is manifest that the public interest no more requires the new grade of Admiral to be added to the navy, than it does the bestowing of orders of nobility on all the diplomatic agents, who represent the United States at the different courts of Europe.
    8. The commander of a fishing or merchant fleet, particularly (historical, Canada) a captain granted special privileges in exchange for bringing the first ship of a given fishing season to certain harbors in Newfoundland. [1589]
    10. (zoology) Any of several species of nymphalid butterflies of the genera Kaniska, Limenitis and Vanessa. [1799]
    11. (conchology) The shell of the Conus ammiralis; the cone shells of various other species displaying similarly intricate banding. [1752]
    13. (now historical) Synonym of flagship: an admiral's ship in a fleet, the command or largest ship in a naval or commercial fleet. [1557]
    14. (now historical, uncommon) Synonym of emir, a Muslim commander or prince. [c. 1275]
    15. (botany, obsolete) Any of several varieties of pear, the trees which produce them. [1693]

    Hyponyms

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    Derived terms

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    Descendants

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    Translations

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    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
    Translations to be checked

    References

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    1. ^ The Mastery of the Sea, by Cyril Field, page 234

    Anagrams

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    Cebuano

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    Etymology

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    Borrowed from English admiral.

    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): /ʔadmiˈɾal/ [ʔɐd̪.mɪˈɾ̪al̪]
    • Hyphenation: ad‧mi‧ral

    Noun

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    admirál (Badlit spelling ᜀᜇ᜔ᜋᜒᜇᜎ᜔)

    1. (military) admiral

    Indonesian

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    Alternative forms

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    Etymology

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    Borrowed from Dutch admiraal, from Middle Dutch ammirael under influence from Latin admīrārī (“to admire, to respect”), from Old French amiral, from Latin amiralis, from Arabic أَمِير (ʔamīr, “commander”) + -alis (“-al”). Equivalent to amir +‎ bahar.

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    admiral

    1. admiral
      Synonym: laksamana

    Further reading

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    Middle English

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    Noun

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    admiral

    1. Alternative form of amiral

    Norwegian Bokmål

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    Norwegian Bokmål Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia nb
    Norwegian Bokmål Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia nb
    Admiral Haakon Bruun-Hanssen (to the left), Norwegian Chief of Defence, at Akershus Fortress.
    An admiral butterfly resting on a flower.

    Etymology

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    From Old French admiral, from Medieval Latin admiralis, from Arabic أَمِير (ʔamīr, “commander”) + -alis (“-al”) under influence from admīrārī (“to admire, to respect”).

    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): /admɪˈrɑːl/
    • Audio:(file)
    • Rhymes: -ɑːl
    • Hyphenation: ad‧mi‧ral

    Noun

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    admiral m (definite singular admiralen, indefinite plural admiraler, definite plural admiralene)

    1. (military, nautical) an admiral (a naval officer of the highest rank; the commander of a country's naval forces)
      • 1920, Jonas Lie, Samlede Digterverker VI, page 181:
        kommandøren og admiralen
        the commander and the admiral
      • 2015 January 12, NTBtekst:
        admiral Haakon Bruun-Hanssen har vært norsk forsvarssjef i noe over ett år
        Admiral Haakon Bruun-Hanssen has been Norwegian Chief of Defense for a little over a year
      • 2011 December 30, Dagsavisen‎[dagsavisen.no]:
        den iranske marinens nestkommanderende, admiral Mahmoud Moussavi
        the Deputy Commander of the Iranian Navy, Admiral Mahmoud Moussavi
    2. (historical) a commander-in-chief of a collection of ships belonging to an admiralty
    3. (zoology) the red admiral (a bright red and black butterfly (Vanessa atalanta) of the family Nymphalidae)
      Synonym: admiralsommerfugl
      • 2012, Stig Aasvik, Indre anliggender:
        her om dagen så jeg en admiral på byen, den hadde forvillet seg inn i en bakgård på Grünerløkka
        the other day I saw an admiral in the city, it had strayed into a backyard on Grünerløkka

    Derived terms

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    Descendants

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    References

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    Norwegian Nynorsk

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    Norwegian Nynorsk Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia nn

    Etymology

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    From Old French admiral, from Medieval Latin admiralis, from Arabic أَمِير (ʔamīr, “commander”) + -alis (“-al”) under influence from admīrārī (“to admire, to respect”).

    Noun

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    admiral m (definite singular admiralen, indefinite plural admiralar, definite plural admiralane)

    1. (military, nautical) an admiral

    References

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    Old French

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    Etymology

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    From Medieval Latin admiralis, from Arabic أَمِير (ʔamīr, “commander”) + -alis (“-al”) under influence from admīrārī (“to admire, to respect”).

      Etymology tree
      Medieval Latin admiralisder.
      Old French admiral

      Noun

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      admiral oblique singular, m (oblique plural admiraus or admirax or admirals, nominative singular admiraus or admirax or admirals, nominative plural admiral)

      1. (Anglo-Norman) Alternative form of amiral

      Descendants

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      References

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      • admiral in Anglo-Norman Dictionary, Aberystwyth University, 2022

      Romanian

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      Etymology

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      Via variants influenced by Latin admīrārī (“to admire, to respect”).

      Noun

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      admiral m (plural admirali)

      1. Obsolete form of amiral.

      Declension

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      Declension of admiral
      singular plural
      indefinite definite indefinite definite
      nominative-accusative admiral admiralul admirali admiralii
      genitive-dative admiral admiralului admirali admiralilor
      vocative admiralule admiralilor

      References

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      • admiral in Academia Română, Micul dicționar academic, ediția a II-a, Bucharest: Univers Enciclopedic, 2010. →ISBN

      Serbo-Croatian

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      Etymology

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      From Arabic اَمِير (amīr, “commander”) + -al.

      Pronunciation

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      • IPA(key): /admǐraːl/
      • Hyphenation: ad‧mi‧ral

      Noun

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      admìrāl m (Cyrillic spelling адмѝра̄л)

      1. admiral

      Declension

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      Declension of admiral
      singular plural
      nominative admìrāl admirali
      genitive admirála admirala
      dative admiralu admiralima
      accusative admirala admirale
      vocative admirale admirali
      locative admiralu admiralima
      instrumental admiralom admiralima

      Slovene

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      Slovene Wikipedia has an article on:
      Wikipedia sl

      Etymology

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      From German Admiral, from English admiral, from Middle English, Anglo-Norman, and Old French admiral, from Medieval Latin admiralis, from Arabic أَمِير (ʔamīr, “commander”) + -alis (“-al”) under influence from admīrārī (“to admire, to respect”).

      Pronunciation

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      • (Standard Slovene, tonal) IPA(key): [ˌadmiˈɾâːl], SNPT: [admirȃl]
      • (Standard Slovene, non-tonal) IPA(key): [ˌadmiˈɾaːl], SNPT: [admirál]
      • (Some Upper Carniolan and Carinthian dialects, particularly Rosen Valley dialect) IPA(key): [ˌadmiˈʀâːl], SNPT: [admiṙȃl]

      Note: different distinctions and accent shifts do not necessarily exclude other and most of them exist in both tonal and non-tonal Slovene.

      • Rhymes: -aːl (ál) (non-tonal)
      • Hyphenation: ad‧mi‧r‧al

      Noun

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      admirȃl m anim

      admiral (sense 3)
      1. Admiral, a naval officer of the highest rank, above vice admiral.
      2. (zoology) Vanessa atalanta, a type of butterfly.
      3. An Opel car model.

      Declension

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      First masculine declension (hard o-stem, animate) , fixed accent
      nom. sing. admirȃl
      gen. sing. admirȃla
      singular dual plural
      nominative
      imenovȃlnik       		admirȃl admirȃla admirȃli
      genitive
      rodȋlnik       		admirȃla admirȃlov admirȃlov
      dative
      dajȃlnik       		admirȃlu admirȃloma admirȃlom
      accusative
      tožȋlnik       		admirȃla admirȃla admirȃle
      locative
      mẹ̑stnik       		admirȃlu admirȃlih admirȃlih
      instrumental
      orọ̑dnik       		admirȃlom admirȃloma admirȃli
      (vocative)
      (ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik)       		admirȃl admirȃla admirȃli

      Further reading

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      • “admiral”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU (in Slovene), 2014–2025

      Tagalog

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      Etymology

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      Borrowed from English admiral. Doublet of almirante.

      Pronunciation

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      Noun

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      ádmirál (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜇ᜔ᜋᜒᜇᜎ᜔)

      1. (military) admiral
        Synonyms: almirante, laksamana
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      References

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      Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=admiral&oldid=84853989"