animal
English
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Pronunciation
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Audio (US): (file)
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Etymology 1
From Middle English animal, from Old French animal, from Latin animal, a nominal use of an adjective from animale, neuter of animālis, from anima (“breath, spirit”). Displaced native Middle English deor, der (“animal”) (from Old English dēor (“animal”)), Middle English reother (“animal, neat”) (from Old English hrīþer, hrȳþer (“neat, ox”)).
Noun
animal (plural animals)
- In scientific usage, a multicellular organism that is usually mobile, whose cells are not encased in a rigid cell wall (distinguishing it from plants and fungi) and which derives energy solely from the consumption of other organisms (distinguishing it from plants).
- A cat is an animal, not a plant. Humans are also animals, under the scientific definition, as we are not plants.
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- In non-scientific usage, any member of the kingdom Animalia other than a human.
- Synonym: beast
- In non-scientific usage, any land-living vertebrate (i.e. not fishes, insects, etc.).
- 2013 July-August, Henry Petroski, “Geothermal Energy”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 4:
- Ancient nomads, wishing to ward off the evening chill and enjoy a meal around a campfire, had to collect wood and then spend time and effort coaxing the heat of friction out from between sticks to kindle a flame. With more settled people, animals were harnessed to capstans or caged in treadmills to turn grist into meal.
- (figuratively) A person who behaves wildly; a bestial, brutal, brutish, cruel, or inhuman person.
- (informal) A person of a particular type.
- He's a political animal.
- Matter, thing.
- a whole different animal
Hyponyms
- See also Thesaurus:animal
Related terms
Translations
See animal/translations § Noun.
Etymology 2
From Latin animālis, from either anima (“breath, spirit”) or animus. Originally distinct from the noun, it became associated with attributive use of the noun and is now indistinguishable from it.
Adjective
animal (not comparable)
- Of or relating to animals.
- Raw, base, unhindered by social codes.
- animal passions
- Synonyms: animalistic, beastly, bestial, untamed, wild
- Pertaining to the spirit or soul; relating to sensation or innervation.
- 2003, Roy Porter, Flesh in the Age of Reason (Penguin 2004), page 47:
- To explain what activated the flesh, ‘animal spirits’ were posited, superfine fluids which shuttled between the mind and the vitals, conveying messages and motion.
- 2003, Roy Porter, Flesh in the Age of Reason (Penguin 2004), page 47:
- (slang, Ireland) Excellent
Derived terms
Translations
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See also
References
- “animal”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
Anagrams
Asturian
Etymology
Adjective
animal (epicene, plural animales)
Noun
animal m (plural animales)
Catalan
Etymology
Pronunciation
Adjective
animal m or f (masculine and feminine plural animals)
Noun
animal m (plural animals)
Derived terms
- animalitzar (“to animalize”)
Cebuano
Etymology 1
From English animal, from Middle English animal, from Old French animal, from Latin animal, a nominal use of an adjective from animale, neuter of animālis, from anima (“breath, spirit”).
Noun
animal
- animal
- (derogatory) a contemptible person
- (sometimes humurous), a crazy person
Adjective
animal
- (sometimes humurous), crazy
- contemptible, deserving contempt
- ruthless; without pity or compassion; cruel, pitiless
Etymology 2
From Spanish animal, from Latin animal.
Interjection
animal
French
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin animal. Compare the archaic inherited doublet aumaille and its variant armaille, both from the Latin neuter plural animālia.
Pronunciation
Noun
animal m (plural animaux)
Derived terms
Adjective
animal (feminine animale, masculine plural animaux, feminine plural animales)
Further reading
- “animal”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Anagrams
Galician
Etymology
Adjective
animal m or f (plural animais)
Noun
animal m (plural animais)
Haitian Creole
Etymology
From French animal, from Latin animal.
Noun
animal
Interlingua
Pronunciation
Noun
animal (plural animales)
Kabuverdianu
Etymology
From Portuguese animal.
Noun
animal
Latin
Etymology
From animāle, nominative neuter singular of animālis.
Pronunciation
- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /ˈa.ni.mal/, [ˈänɪmäɫ̪]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈa.ni.mal/, [ˈäːnimäl]
Noun
animal n (genitive animālis); third declension
Declension
Third-declension noun (neuter, “pure” i-stem).
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | animal | animālia |
Genitive | animālis | animālium |
Dative | animālī | animālibus |
Accusative | animal | animālia |
Ablative | animālī | animālibus |
Vocative | animal | animālia |
Synonyms
Related terms
Descendants
- Aromanian: nãmalj, nãmaljiu
- Asturian: animal
- Breton: aneval
- Catalan: animal
- English: animal
- Franco-Provençal: armalye, animal (borrowing)
- French: animal, aumaille, armaille
- Friulian: animâl, nemâl
- Galician: almallo, animal (borrowing)
- Italian: animale
- Maltese: annimal
- Norman: animâ (France), annima (Jersey)
- Portuguese: animal, almalho, alimanha, alimária
- Romagnol: animêl
- Romanian: animal, nămaie
- Romansch: animal
- Sicilian: armali, armalu
- Spanish: alimaña, almaje, animal
- Tarantino: anemale
- Venetian: animal, anemal
- Welsh: anifail
References
- “animal”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “animal”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- animal in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- animal in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- animate and inanimate nature: animata (animalia) inanimaque (not inanimata)
- domestic animals: animalia quae nobiscum degunt (Plin. 8. 40)
- animate and inanimate nature: animata (animalia) inanimaque (not inanimata)
Middle English
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
Borrowed from Old French animal, from Latin animal.
Alternative forms
Noun
animal (plural animales)
- An animal (considered to include humans)
Descendants
References
- “animāl (n.)”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2019-01-16.
Etymology 2
Alternative forms
Adjective
animal
Descendants
- English: animal
References
- “animāl (adj.)”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2019-01-16.
Middle French
Noun
animal m (plural animaux or animaulx)
Papiamentu
Etymology
From Portuguese animal and Spanish animal.
Noun
animal
Portuguese
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin animal. See also alimária, an inherited doublet.
Pronunciation
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "BR" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. IPA(key): /ˌɐ.ni.ˈmaw/, /ˌa.ni.ˈmaw/
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "PT" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. IPA(key): /ɐ.ni.ˈmaɫ/
- Hyphenation: a‧ni‧mal
- Rhymes: -aw
Adjective
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Inflection
Quotations
For quotations using this term, see Citations:animal.
Noun
animal m (plural animais)|animais
- (biology) animal (any member of the kingdom Animalia)
- (non-scientific usage) animal (an animal other than a human, especially a vertebrate)
- (colloquial) twat; idiot; moron
- Synonym: idiota
- (colloquial) beast (a cruel person)
- Synonym: monstro
Quotations
For quotations using this term, see Citations:animal.
Derived terms
- animalizar (“to animalize”)
- animalzão (augmentative)
- animalzinho (diminutive)
Romanian
Etymology
Borrowed from French animal, from Latin animal. Doublet of nămaie.
Pronunciation
Adjective
animal m or n (feminine singular animală, masculine plural animali, feminine and neuter plural animale)
Declension
singular | plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | neuter | feminine | masculine | neuter | feminine | ||
nominative/ accusative |
indefinite | animal | animală | animali | animale | ||
definite | animalul | animala | animalii | animalele | |||
genitive/ dative |
indefinite | animal | animale | animali | animale | ||
definite | animalului | animalei | animalelor | animalilor |
Adverb
animal
Noun
animal n (plural animale)
Declension
singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite articulation | definite articulation | indefinite articulation | definite articulation | |
nominative/accusative | (un) animal | animalul | (niște) animale | animalele |
genitive/dative | (unui) animal | animalului | (unor) animale | animalelor |
vocative | animalule | animalelor |
Romansch
Etymology
Noun
animal m (plural animals)
Synonyms
- (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Surmiran) biestg
- (Rumantsch Grischun, Sutsilvan) bestga
- (Sursilvan) tier, bestia
- (Puter, Vallader) bes-cha
Spanish
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin animal. See also alimaña, an inherited doublet.
Pronunciation
Adjective
animal m or f (masculine and feminine plural animales)
Noun
animal m (plural animales)
Derived terms
Related terms
Anagrams
Further reading
- “animal”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Tok Pisin
Etymology
Noun
animal
- English 3-syllable words
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- Visual dictionary
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- ast:Animals
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- Rhymes:Catalan/al
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- ca:Animals
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- fr:Animals
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- gl:Animals
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- ht:Animals
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- Latin words in Meissner and Auden's phrasebook
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- enm:Animals
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- pt:Biology
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- Rumantsch Grischun
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- rm:Animals
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