ba-

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ba"

Amasi

Noun

ba-

1. a plural prefix

References

• Africana Marburgensia (1973)

Basque

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ba/ [ba]
• Hyphenation: ba-

Etymology 1

Conjunction

ba-

1. (Southern) if

   Izozki bat erosiko dizut erosketak egiten badituzu.

   I'll buy you an icecream if you do the shopping.

Etymology 2

Alternative forms

• ba (see usage notes)

Particle

ba-

1. Prefixed to verb forms to show emphasis.

   Nik badaukat erantzun zuzena.

   I do have the correct answer.

Usage notes

When used together with the particles al, omen and ote; it is written as a separate word before the other particle (see ba for usage examples).

Further reading

• “ba-”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005

Duala

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Bantu *bà-

Prefix

ba-

1. Class 2 noun prefix.

Fwe

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Bantu *bà-. Compare Swahili wa-.

Prefix

ba-

1. Class 2 noun prefix. (plural of m-)

Garo

Alternative forms

• bat-

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Prefix

ba-

1. forms question words, what?

Usage notes

• the form bat- is used only before locative -cha.
• combining forms only, not used with the nominative

but with most other case markers

References

• Burling, R. (2003), The Language of the Modhupur Mandi (Garo) Vol. II: The Lexicon‎^[1], Bangladesh: University of Michigan, page 48

Hausa

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bà-/
  • (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA^(key): [bə̀-]

Prefix

bà-

1. A prefix indicating ethnic or geographical origin or, less often, someone's trade.

Lingala

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Bantu *bà- (“Class 2 noun prefix”).

Prefix

ba-

1. Class 2 noun prefix.

References

• Thomas A. Akowuah (1996), Lingala - English/English - Lingala‎^[2], Hippocrene Books, page 70

Navajo

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pɑ̀-/

Prefix

ba-

1. (disjunct prefix of position I)
   Postpositional prefix occurring in conjunction with di- in themes related to exhaustion, completion
   ► Navajo terms prefixed with ba- (postpositional)

North Moluccan Malay

Etymology

From Malay ber-

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ba-/
• Note: Just like any other prefixes in the language, it's usually unstressed in many words.

Prefix

ba-

1. Verb-deriving suffix
   1. Used to form a verb from another word.

      roko (“cigarate”) > baroko (“to smoke”)

   2. Used to form a verb that has the meaning of 'to become or get'.

      panas (“hot”) > bapanas (“to become hot”)

   3. Used to form the voluntariness of a verb.

      jatong (“to fall”) > bajatong (“to fall (on purpose)”)

   4. Used to form a reciprocal verb.

      poló (“to hug”) > bapoló (“to hug (each other)”)

   5. Used to form a reflexive verb.

      ganti (“to change”) > baganti (“to change (one's own clothing)”)

   6. Used to intensify a verb, sometimes with the purpose of making it more 'intransitive'.

      cek (“to check”) > bacék (“to check”)

2. Adjective-deriving suffix
   1. Used to form an adjective that has the meaning of 'having a (property of) or related to'.

      asap (“smoke”) > baasap (“smoking, smoky”)

   2. (sometimes with the base word reduplicated) Used to form an adjective that has the meaning of 'having a similar characteristic of'.

      Cina (“China; Chinese”) > bacina (“somewhat Chinese”)

3. (rare) Numeral-deriving suffix
   1. Used to form a number that has the meaning of 'each of'.
   2. (rough translation, with the base word reduplicated) Used to form a number that has the meaning of 'each of' and "togetherness".

Derived terms

• baba-
• pamba-

Other terms prefixed with this prefix:

North Moluccan Malay terms prefixed with ba-

bafeto

baloco

barmaeng

basemengken

badaki

bagale

bagara

basmengken

See also

• baku-
• ta-
• pang- (uncommon)

Northern Ndebele

Etymology 1

From Proto-Bantu *bá-.

Prefix

ba-

1. they; class 2 subject concord.
2. them; class 2 object concord.

Etymology 2

From Proto-Bantu *báá-.

Prefix

ba-

1. of; class 2 possessive concord.

Etymology 3

From Proto-Bantu *bʊ́á-.

Prefix

ba-

1. of; class 14 possessive concord.

Northern Sotho

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *bà-.

Prefix

ba-

1. Class 2 noun prefix.

Nzadi

Prefix

ba-

1. A clitic added to the plural forms of nouns that are identical to the singular forms in order to mark plurality explicitly.
   1. Added to the plural forms of some nouns that do have distinct plural forms in order to express that various individuals are meant.

Further reading

• Crane, Thera; Larry Hyman; Simon Nsielanga Tukumu (2011), A grammar of Nzadi [B.865]: a Bantu language of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, →ISBN

Phuthi

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *bá-.

Prefix

ba-

1. they; class 2 subject concord.
2. them; class 2 object concord.

Punu

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Bantu *bà- (“Class 2 noun prefix”).

Prefix

ba-

1. Class 2 noun prefix.

References

• Yasutoshi Yukawa (2006), A Classified Vocabulary of the Punu Language‎^[3], Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa, page iii

Sotho

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *bà-.

Prefix

ba-

1. Class 2 noun prefix.

Southern Ndebele

Etymology 1

From Proto-Bantu *bá-.

Prefix

ba-

1. they; class 2 subject concord.
2. them; class 2 object concord.

Etymology 2

From Proto-Bantu *báá-.

Prefix

ba-

1. of; class 2 possessive concord.

Etymology 3

From Proto-Bantu *bʊ́á-.

Prefix

ba-

1. of; class 14 possessive concord.

Swazi

Etymology 1

From Proto-Bantu *bá-bà-.

Prefix

ba-

1. Class 2 noun prefix.

Etymology 2

From Proto-Bantu *bá-.

Prefix

ba-

1. they; class 2 subject concord.
2. them; class 2 object concord.

Etymology 3

From Proto-Bantu *báá-.

Prefix

ba-

1. of; class 2 possessive concord.

Etymology 4

From Proto-Bantu *bʊ́á-.

Prefix

ba-

1. of; class 14 possessive concord.

Tooro

Alternative forms

• (before /e/) be-
• (before /o/) bo-

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *bá-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /βa-/

Prefix

ba-

1. they; class 2 subject concord

   ‎ba- + ‎-kora (“to do”) → ‎bakora (“they do”)

See also

Tooro personal pronouns

class	person	independent	possessive	subject concord	object concord	combined forms
						na	ni
class 1	first	nyowe, nye	-ange	n-	-n-	nanyowe, nanye	ninyowe, ninye
	second	iwe	-awe	o-	-ku-	naiwe	niiwe
	third	uwe	-e	a-	-mu-	nawe	nuwe
class 2	first	itwe	-aitu	tu-	-tu-	naitwe	niitwe
	second	inywe	-anyu	mu-	-ba-	nainywe	niinywe
	third	bo	-abo	ba-	-ba-	nabo	nubo
class 3		gwo	-agwo	gu-	-gu-	nagwo	nugwo
class 4		yo	-ayo	e-	-gi-	nayo	niyo
class 5		lyo	-alyo	li-	-li-	nalyo	niryo
class 6		go	-ago	ga-	-ga-	nago	nugo
class 7		kyo	-akyo	ki-	-ki-	nakyo	nikyo
class 8		byo	-abyo	bi-	-bi-	nabyo	nibyo
class 9		yo	-ayo	e-	-gi-	nayo	niyo
class 10		zo	-azo	zi-	-zi-	nazo	nizo
class 11		rwo	-arwo	ru-	-ru-	narwo	nurwo
class 12		ko	-ako	ka-	-ka-	nako	nuko
class 13		two	-atwo	tu-	-tu-	natwo	nutwo
class 14		bwo	-abwo	bu-	-bu-	nabwo	nubwo
class 15		kwo	-akwo	ku-	-ku-	nakwo	nukwo
class 16		ho	-aho	ha-	-ha-	naho	nuho
class 17		(kwo)	N/A	ha- (...-yo)	-ha-	N/A	nukwo
class 18		(mwo)	-amwo	ha- (...-mu)	-ha-	N/A	numwo
reflexive		-enyini, -onyini	—		-e-	—

References

• Kaji, Shigeki (2007), A Rutooro Vocabulary‎^[4], Tokyo: Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa (ILCAA), →ISBN, page 413

Tswana

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *bà-.

Prefix

ba-

1. Class 2 noun prefix.

Tumbuka

Prefix

ba-

1. alternative spelling of ŵa-

Usage notes

The letter 'b' is used to represent the 'ŵ' letter because the 'ŵ' is often described as being in between 'w' and 'v', sounding like a 'b', and the fact that 'ŵ' is not on a standard QWERTY keyboard so it is difficult for some users to use the letter.

Derived terms

Tumbuka terms prefixed with ba-

baAmaleki

baAmori

baAriki

baArivadi

baAsiriya

baBabuloni

baBenjamini

baCheŵa

baEfeso

baEguputo

baFilisiti

baGalatiya

baGirigashi

baIsraele

baKanani

baKorinte

baMalaŵi

baNgoni

baNyakyusa

baRoma

baTumbuka

baYao

baYuda

bazguki

Xhosa

Etymology 1

From Proto-Bantu *bá-.

Prefix

ba-

1. they; class 2 subject concord.
2. them; class 2 object concord.

Etymology 2

From Proto-Bantu *báá-.

Prefix

ba-

1. of; class 2 possessive concord.

Etymology 3

From Proto-Bantu *bʊ́á-.

Prefix

ba-

1. of; class 14 possessive concord.

Zulu

Etymology 1

From Proto-Bantu *bà-.

Prefix

ba-

1. Class 2 simple noun prefix.

Etymology 2

From Proto-Bantu *bá-.

Prefix

bá-

1. they; class 2 subject concord.
2. them; class 2 object concord.

Etymology 3

From Proto-Bantu *báá-.

Prefix

ba-

1. of; class 2 possessive concord.

Etymology 4

From Proto-Bantu *bʊ́á-.

Prefix

ba-

1. of; class 14 possessive concord.